Killer, the actress’s first jump in the 10m —— As the first contestant, Killer, a natural female voice, made her competitors fidgety when she started to jump. She directly stepped onto the 10m platform with her back to the pool, and the difficulty rose to another level. After almost flawless falling into the water, Killer became the first person in all diving programs.
In mid-February, Changsha officially issued the "Implementation Opinions on Building an International Consumption Center City", proposing to build Changsha into an international consumption center city with the reputation of "Fashion Capital", "Happiness Capital", "Vigorous Capital" and "Leisure Capital". At the same time, the opinion pointed out that 24 creation tasks will be implemented, such as accelerating the construction of international business districts, accelerating the construction of characteristic commercial blocks, enhancing the gathering of local characteristic brands, developing night economy, improving catering consumption and sports consumption.
The growth of local characteristic brands is an indispensable element to witness the commercial development of the city. In the exploration of local original brands in Changsha, according to the big data of Winner, there are 238 local chain brands stationed in major shopping centers in Changsha, with rich formats and diverse categories. Catering, retail, cultural and sports entertainment, life service and children’s parents and children create hot spots in their respective tracks, which reflects the charm of urban commercial development.
Changsha, online celebrity naturally lives up to its reputation, including 137 catering brands among more than 200 local brands, and the highlight of the catering industry continues, accounting for 58%; Retail sales performed well, accounting for 17%; Local brands of life service, cultural and sports entertainment and children’s parent-child format also occupy some markets. The core sections of various formats influence, drive and promote each other, and local brands intensively cultivate the commercial market, which has strong growth strength.
Data collection scope: based on the store data of Changsha project obtained by Winstar online and offline channels, the date of online collection and quarterly update (there may be incomplete data) for some projects is February 28, 2022.
The commercial market in Changsha, which has been polished for a long time and refined by the market, has not only the inheritance and spread of time-honored brands and non-legacy brands, but also the sudden rise of new forces of emerging brands, focusing on catering and retail formats. Since the establishment of local brands, the categories have been increasingly enriched.
The well-thought-out and carefully crafted local brands can see through their subdivided business categories to see the development of the industry.
? Catering format: Xiang Jun C, the rise of "online celebrity"
Under the repeated epidemic situation, the resilience of Changsha’s catering industry is relatively strong, and the catering consumption in major businesses has maintained a good fundamentals. According to statistics, among the 137 original catering brands in Changsha, Chinese catering accounts for 49%, leisure catering accounts for 21%, exotic catering accounts for 16%, hot pot/braised pot/griddle accounts for 10%, and barbecue/teppanyaki accounts for 5%.
Chinese catering: Chinese simple (fast) meals rank first, followed by Hunan cuisine.
From the perspective of subdivided categories, there are many types of local catering in Changsha, and consumers have many options. There are 36 brands of local Chinese simple (fast) meals in Changsha, ranking first in the catering industry; There are 26 brands of local Hunan cuisine, ranking second, and the rest of Guangdong cuisine, seafood, northwest cuisine and Yunnan-Guizhou cuisine are involved, and diverse food styles are presented.
Among 36 Chinese simple (fast) meals, there are special snacks, noodle shops and other sub-categories. Among them, Suo powder, as the soul of breakfast in Changsha, is a necessary punching operation recommended by Changsha people, food bloggers or travel guides. Brands such as Tianjin Liuzizi Powder House, Phoenix Girl Xiangxi Fish Powder, Daguan Rice Noodles and Wugu Fish Powder have attracted much attention.
Under the wave of consumption upgrading, among the innovative characteristic hot pots represented by emerging hot pots/stews/griddles, there are abundant categories such as King Pot Pork Belly Chicken Hot Pot, Jijing Pork Belly Chicken Three-second Fish, chicken coconut and Dabinjia, and the market players of chicken coconut, Pork Belly Chicken, Fish Hot Pot, Chuanchuan Hot Pot and other sub-categories have also increased.
Focusing on the localized development of Changsha, Hunan cuisine is one of the representatives of the city’s business cards, and many Hunan cuisine brands are also exploring more ways of development. In today’s prefabricated dish market, the chef who insists on "only using chefs to fry" peppers stands out, and has been deeply involved in Hunan cuisine for 24 years, and has opened 50 direct stores in Changsha, Shanghai and Shenzhen. The chain brands of Hunan cuisine, such as exquisite food, one lamp, delicious taste, Tanzong chopped pepper fish head and fried beef with kitchen smoke, have formed a double effect of good collection flow and good reputation.
Exotic dining: Japanese and Korean cuisine is far ahead.
Among the original exotic restaurants in Changsha, there are 15 Japanese and Korean restaurants, accounting for 68% of the exotic restaurants. Among them, Kimura Heping House, Royal Cattle Craftsman, Xiaoming Charcoal Roasted Fat Cattle Specialty Store, Lekeshi Korean Restaurant, etc. cover many sub-categories of Japanese barbecue, Korean barbecue, sushi, Lamian Noodles and Korean cuisine.
Behind the rise of steak is the general trend of quality upgrading and high-end catering upgrading. Western-style catering, as a high-value consumer product, is also in line with consumers’ demands for higher quality.
Exotic dishes, dietary differences, and the preservation and innovation of dish flavor are the key to the differentiated competition of this category. Among the local exotic categories in Changsha, there are Thai dishes such as DuDu Thai Restaurant, Man Xiong Pizza, Sam Kitchen, etc. Although the number of western-style simple (fast) meals is small, they have a good response in the market.
Leisure catering: the competition between baked desserts and drinks tends to be fierce.
Among the emerging leisure restaurants, baked desserts and drinks are actively expanding. Among the local leisure restaurants in Changsha, baked desserts account for 45%, drinks account for 27%, and leisure snacks account for 28%.
As a category favored by young and middle-aged people and consumed with high frequency, the iteration of leisure catering industry is also increasing day by day. Many enterprises cross the border, and the investment and financing of the industry are booming. In the tea market of 100 billion yuan, the market competition is fierce, and local brands are represented by Modern China Tea Shop (demand area: 50-70 square meters), Guoyaya (demand area: 20-50 square meters), MAMA CHA and Lemon Season, occupying the main position in Changsha.
As a local tea brand in Changsha, many emerging players have continuously increased their market share through product innovation and upgrading, brand building, cross-border integration, and national culture and innovation. At the same time, most local brands are no longer limited to the local market, and Modern China Tea Shop has also set up stores in other cities in Changsha and Lemon Festival. In the mid-end market, brands also have certain recognition and market competitiveness.
When it comes to baked desserts, the rise of emerging brands in the market has further attracted consumers’ attention. At present, Chinese baking in the dessert baking track is on the rise, and new brands are constantly emerging. Taking Changsha local market as an example, the new brand of Guofeng store and product design of Momo Dim Sum Bureau has emerged in this subdivision track; Under the heat wave, Chinese baking represented by Wu Susheng’s palace shortbread is also vigorously expanding its stores; Western-style baking such as Rosa cake and Duoxilai cake also has considerable market performance.
Retail format: the competition of fashion products is fierce, and the trend clothing is innovative and growing.
Retail formats convey consumers’ consumption attitudes. Among contemporary young consumers, personalized consumption and self-satisfaction consumption are constantly reshaping the market consumption patterns. Among the 41 original retail brands in Changsha, market lifestyle accounts for 54%, clothing accounts for 34%, and supermarkets/convenience stores account for 12%.
Among them, large supermarkets, boutique/fresh supermarkets are the main supermarkets, which are blessed with food collection and rich family. In addition, cross-border e-commerce/bonded stores, represented by Youa overseas purchases, combine online and offline experience stores through the O2O cross-border e-commerce platform to provide Haitao users with quality goods and services.
Clothing: Fashion clothing has its own school, and Changsha is also the city of fashion.
In the observation and research of fashion clothing category by Winship.com, Changsha has become the "most dense city" of fashion clothing stores, relying on the strong sense of fashion atmosphere in the whole city to overwhelm first-tier cities such as Shanghai. According to the statistics of Winner Big Data, among the 14 local clothing brands in Changsha, business, fashion trends, fashion boutiques and other sub-categories are superimposed, among which women’s wear and women’s shoes with market trends are the most prominent.
Fashion consumption conveys consumers’ attitude and cognition to market judgment and brand choice, and "fashion trend" is one of the relatively important influencing factors. EAH CHANIE Yichen, indicia, Saint-Desi, Cannes and other clothing brands have met the needs of consumers by reviewing multiple positioning, and are deeply loved by consumers.
Fashion life: home clothes and beauty care lead strongly.
Under the sub-category of fashion life, home textiles are the main category, and many household textile brands such as (002761) home textiles, Fuli Zhenjin and Meng Jie home textiles are all originated from the local market in Changsha, and they also have certain market influence in other cities in China.
In addition, among the beauty care brands, Yu Nifang, Second Skin, SNSUKI global explosive beauty, BOOM! FRESH! And so on, in the form of beauty care, make-up, and collection stores. Fashion digital, kitchen and bathroom appliances, fashion accessories and German brands of eyes are all involved, mainly including ASD glasses, Tongcheng electric appliances, RelaxLife and other brands.
Children’s parent-child: Children’s amusement brand has obvious advantages.
The combination of "double reduction" mode and "three-child" policy also has a great test for the development of the brand. At present, with the new generation of families born after 1980s and 1990s, the consumption of children’s parent-child format has increased, and it has also become the focus of the corresponding brands. Among the local children’s parent-child brands in Changsha shopping center, children’s amusement accounts for 45%, children’s retail accounts for 25%, and children’s service and education both account for 15%.
Parent-child interaction experience is a traffic engine for businesses and brands to gather customers. Thematic parent-child interaction amusement parks are popular, and children’s amusement brands are active. There are relatively many brands of children’s sports halls and amusement parks such as Rainbow Hall Children’s Amusement Park, Mickey Le Roller Skating, Karl Feiche and Debel Trampoline Club. In terms of children’s retail, children’s toys and maternal and child products are the main products, covering brands such as Babe Bear and Gelingdao Children’s Toy City.
In addition, in terms of children’s services, the categories are mainly restaurants, photography and haircuts, Tiamo Tianmu parent-child restaurant, Fenglinger and Qiqi 72 children’s hairdressing.
Recreation and sports: the proportion of leisure and entertainment is high, and the overall situation is improving.
With the popularity of "online celebrity economy" and "night economy", Changsha, a charming city, has a good development trend of social entertainment. In statistics, leisure and entertainment accounted for 47%, sports accounted for 26%, culture and art accounted for 16%, and education and training accounted for 11%.
Among them, the cultural and artistic categories are mainly book bars and DIY handicrafts, including Desiqin 24-hour bookstore, Hongdao bookstore and delicious laboratory; There are mainly brands such as WEGYMER Jianmeng and Baicheng Qi Kang Fitness in the fitness clubs.
Among the leisure and entertainment brands, KTV, cinema, network card game, VR experience hall and many other categories are assembled. Represented by Letian MC Studios, Urban Tribe Animation and Game Experience Center, Hi Le KTV and other brands, the rich local leisure and entertainment brands have deepened the bonus brought by the city online celebrity label and attracted more and more young people to call for the city.
Among them, the Mango International Studios brand, which belongs to Hunan Film Distribution and Projection Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Hunan Radio and Television Station, confirms the title of "Media Art Capital" in Changsha, and provides impetus and opportunity for the cultural and creative development of local brands in Changsha.
Life service: life support is the leading factor.
From the perspective of life service format, the popularity of hair care, beauty spa, foot massage and other products has soared. According to statistics, among the local life services in Changsha, supporting retail accounts for 57%, beauty health accounts for 24%, medical health accounts for 5%, and other categories account for 14%.
In supporting retail, local brands mainly include urban flower country, common people’s (603883) pharmacy, delicious duck neck, foraging meow and other brands, including pharmacies, flower shops, fruit shops, snacks and other categories.
Among the original brands of beauty health care, Shangli International, Faze Modeling, Yierkang, etc. focus on hairdressing styling and foot massage. At the moment of "Yan value economy", consumers pursue the perfect beauty image, which also urges more similar local brands to be highly sought after.
Attachment: List of local brands in Changsha (in the shopping center)
Solemnly declare:This information comes from the data of Eastern Fortune Choice, and the relevant data are for reference only and do not constitute investment advice. Dongfang Fortune Network strives to ensure the complete accuracy of the data. If there are any errors or omissions, please refer to the information disclosure media of listed companies designated by China Securities Regulatory Commission. Dongfang Fortune Network will not assume any responsibility for the profits and losses caused by all or part of the information. Users personally take risks in the use of the service, and Oriental Fortune Network does not make any kind of guarantee for this.
Zhiji Automobile/Linjing Store
In the automobile industry, BYD seems to have gradually become synonymous with new energy brands. Whether it is the in-depth research and development of battery technology or the continuous introduction of vehicles, BYD’s models will always surprise us every time. Not long ago, in order to better pursue sales and performance, BYD launched a series of models called "Champion Edition". Among them, the new car has upgraded the configuration and reduced the price. Of course, as a highly concerned Han EV, it also ushered in the upgrade of the "Champion Edition" and launched five models. So let’s take a look at the differences between these five BYD Han EV Champion Editions. How should we make a choice?
1. Unify cool design.
In terms of appearance, in fact, the overall design is not much different from the current BYD Han EV. However, a new color scheme of "Glacier Blue" has been added, and it is available as standard in the whole system. This also makes the Han EV Champion Edition more rich in style, and the start is high. It is also equipped with 19-inch wheels, which makes the vehicle more dynamic in visual effect.
In addition, the Chinese EV Champion Edition continues to adopt the "DragonFace" design language, with Chinese taillights and AGS active air intake grille. Based on the thermal management requirements of the whole vehicle, the opening and closing strategy of the active grille is carefully optimized, making the opening and closing of the active grille more accurate. As for the body size, it still maintains the cash data, with a wheelbase of 2920mm and a positioning of medium and large cars. This kind of body data also makes the vehicle have a good performance in space. When the experiencer is 170cm, adjust the front seat to a comfortable position, and the head space is about two punches, and the head space is about two punches, and the leg space is about three punches, which is excellent in the same class of vehicles. As for the trunk space, it is half, and the space is not very large. Including the rear part, only the standard electric tailgate has been added, and the 506KM and 605KM distinguished taillights have been upgraded to the "Chinese knot" style.
2. Look at the interior configuration, which one do you choose?
The interior of Han EV Champion Edition still continues the simple and luxurious accessory style of the former, but there are still some differences in the configuration of the five models. The vehicle comes standard with DiLink4.0(5G) intelligent network connection system, 5G quick connection, dual-frequency positioning navigation and intelligent voice interaction in the four-tone area of the car are all very practical functions.
However, configurations such as W-HUD head-up display and BSD blind spot monitoring system have been further upgraded, and the display is clearer and the proportion is more appropriate, which greatly improves the driving safety of drivers and passengers. As for the steering wheel heating, intelligent fragrance, 12-speaker Dana audio, ventilation/heating of the main driver’s seat, front heat insulation sound insulation glass+rear black privacy glass, 6.6kW mobile power station and electric tailgate, they are also standard in the whole department. On the whole, the configuration level is obviously far higher than that of most models at the same price.
Of course, these are just all the standard items of the champion version of Han EV. If you pay more attention to the configuration when buying a car, the configuration of two 715KM models of Han EV must not be missed. Both 715KM vehicles use leather seats, which are large in size and thick in filling. The front main and auxiliary seats all support 12-way electric adjustment and ventilation and heating functions, and the passenger seat has boss key function.
According to the actual measurement, the electric adjustment range of the seat is large, the air volume of the seat ventilation is moderate, and the experience is good. The rear seat has a central armrest, a water cup holder and a storage compartment, and the overall configuration is slightly lower than that of the front seat. Only the 610km four-wheel drive flagship model supports the functions of rear electric backrest adjustment and seat heating and ventilation. Compared with the 715KM distinguished model, the 715KM flagship model not only adds the HWA high-speed road driving assistance to the DiPilot intelligent driving assistance system, but also has the largest number of radars and the most comprehensive and advanced functions, which can reduce the burden of users’ long-distance driving.
At the same time, it also adds comfort configurations such as steering wheel heating and Nappa leather seats, which brings more advanced enjoyment to users. Therefore, in the same endurance mode, if you are more in pursuit of a full match, then the 715KM flagship model is a very good choice. And most of today’s stores will give priority to exclusive and honorable arrival, and the reason of sufficient production capacity has also led customers to take the initiative to favor these two configuration models. Of course, if you only pursue configuration, then 715KM flagship type and 610KM four-wheel drive flagship type can be selected.
3. Power is the main choice, and it is selected as 610KM four-wheel drive.
The Chinese EV Champion Edition provides a total of five models and four power systems, and the motor power of each model is different. The maximum power of a single motor is 150KW, 168kw and 180kw, respectively. The maximum power of the dual-motor four-wheel drive flagship model system is 380KW, and the maximum torque is 700N.m, and its 100-meter acceleration soars to 3.9 seconds, while the rest versions are 7.9 seconds. The 610KM four-wheel drive flagship, which is the top of the power system, must be the gospel of power lovers. The 3.9-second 100-kilometer acceleration with the blessing of double motors makes the performance of the vehicle strong enough.
It is also equipped with the newly released Yunqi -C intelligent damping body control system, which can realize millisecond control and response, dynamically adjust the suspension state in real time, and make the vehicle performance better bloom. In sports mode, when you step on the "floor oil", you can feel that the dynamic response of this car is very sensitive. Unlike the delayed power output of the fuel car, the power of the vehicle is directly transmitted, clean and tidy, and the middle section is accelerated in one go. You can feel that the power output is always smooth and silky, and the driving experience is quite calm under the strong sense of pushing back.
In the emergency braking state, the pedal feedback is very calm and practical, and there is no feeling of bouncing and jumping. The whole process is quite smooth. Moreover, the FSD variable damping suspension can adjust the damping in real time according to the road conditions, so that the car body can bring better dynamic performance. When walking through the mountain road, you can obviously feel that the flexibility of the suspension is very strong, and the compression stroke of the suspension will not be easily pushed to the limit. The general sparse vibration filter is more thorough, the texture is improved a lot, and it has the comfort and isolation of an executive-class car.
The lighter unsprung weight makes the whole body lighter and more hand-following. Especially, the steering mode provides two modes: comfort and sports. In sports mode, the steering torque gain is particularly obvious, which can help us to control more accurately when walking through mountain roads. Therefore, if you are more looking forward to the dynamic texture, then the 610KM four-wheel drive flagship model must be the best choice. Of course, if the power demand is not great, the other four two-wheel drive models are more suitable.
4. Choosing a tram, battery life is also one of the conditions.
After picking up the configuration and picking up the power, there are naturally consumers who prefer battery life. Due to the downward price drop, the customer age of Han DMi is also rapidly young, and the demand ratio of wedding car and family as the first car begins to rise, and battery life has become the primary consideration standard. Then the five models of the Han EV Champion Edition are distinguished by endurance, namely: 506KM distinguished model, 605KM distinguished model, 610KM four-wheel drive flagship model and 715KM distinguished model and flagship model.
Then, for consumers who don’t have high endurance requirements and general interior configuration requirements, 506KM and 605KM can already meet the normal practical needs on weekdays. The main difference between them is that 506KM is more suitable for consumers who commute in cities and have limited budgets, while 605 is more suitable for occasional long-distance needs, and the economy is not so tight. The configuration of 695KM will also be higher, such as blind spot monitoring, early warning of opening doors, and custom-made Dana audio by HiFi, which are also not available in the 506KM model. Of course, if you want to pursue the ultimate endurance and the economy can meet it, the two models of 715KM are more suitable.
Write to the end:
I have to say that the launch of BYD’s "Champion Edition" series models is a good news for most consumers. After all, why not spend less money to enjoy a better equipped car? As for the Han EV Champion Edition, it is not difficult to see that how to make a choice depends on your own needs and hobbies. After all, five cars and four kinds of power can basically meet the choice needs of many consumers.
The original article of Zhiyu Automobile, please contact the platform if you need to reprint it.
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Football is a sport in which the feet are the mainstay, the ball is controlled and dominated, and two teams attack and defend each other on the same rectangular court according to certain rules. Football is called "the first sport in the world" because of its strong antagonism, changeable tactics and large number of participants.
Here are some knowledge about football:
01
The origin of football
The predecessor of modern football originated from the ball game "Cuju" in Zizhou, Shandong Province (now Zibo City) in ancient China, and was later spread to Europe by Arabs from China, and gradually evolved into modern football.
Modern football originated in England.
In 2005, in the closing ceremony of the centenary celebration of FIFA, Linzi, Shandong Province, China was officially declared as the origin of world football.
The picture above shows the ancient Cuju map of China.
02
ancient football
The origin of football can be traced back to the ancient ball game Cuju in China. Cuju’s original name was "Tuju", and the word Cuju first appeared in Historical Records Biography of Bian Que Canggong, while Cuju was called the ancient football in China. In the Western Han Dynasty, writers Liu Xiang and Liu Xin and his son wrote in their personal works Bielu and Qilue: "Cuju players are rumored to be made by the Yellow Emperor." By the Tang and Song Dynasties, Cuju had become very popular and became an elegant activity in the court. This ball game was later introduced to Europe from China by Arabs.
03
Modern football day
October 26, 1863
On October 26th, 1863, several football fans met at the Fremason Hotel in Queen’s Street, London, England, and discussed and established the English Football Association, which was the first football association established in the history of world football, and its establishment marked the birth of modern football.
04
The "four" firsts in football
In 1848, the Cambridge Rules, the first written rule in the history of football, was born.
On October 26th, 1863, England established the first football association in the world, and unified the competition rules of football.
In 1872, the first official match between football associations was held between England and Scotland.
In 1900, in the Second Summer Olympic Games, football was included as an official event.
05
Football playing field
one
Venue area: The venue should be rectangular, with a length of no more than 120m or less than 90m and a width of no more than 90m or less than 45m (the venue for international competitions should be no more than 110m or less than 100m and no more than 75m or less than 64m). In any case, the length must exceed the width.
2
Line drawing: The competition venue should draw clear lines according to the plane drawing, the line width should not exceed 12 cm, and no V-shaped grooves should be made. The longer two lines are called sideline and the shorter one is called goal line. Draw a line across the court in the middle of the court, which is called the center line. The center of the site should be marked clearly, and a circle with this point as the center and a radius of 9.15m should be drawn, which is called the middle circle. On each corner of the site, a flat-topped flagpole with a height of not less than 1.50 meters should be erected, and a small flag should be tied on it; Similar flags and flagpoles can be erected on one side and at least 1 meter away from the sideline of the center line on both sides of the field.
three
Goal area: On the goal line 5.50 meters away from the inside of the goal post at both ends of the competition field, draw a line with a length of 5.50 meters perpendicular to the goal line into the field, with one end connected with the goal line and the other end drawing a connecting line parallel to the goal line. The area within the range of these three lines and the goal line is called the goal area.
four
Penalty area: On the goal line 16.50 meters away from the inside of the goal post at both ends of the playing field, draw a line with a length of 16.50 meters perpendicular to the goal line into the field, with one end connected with the goal line and the other end drawing a connecting line parallel to the goal line. The area within the range of these three lines and the goal line is called penalty area, and make a clear mark at the midpoint of the two goal lines measuring 11 meters vertically into the field, which is called penalty point. Draw an arc outside the penalty area with the penalty spot as the center and 9.15m as the radius, which is called the penalty arc.
five
Corner area: Take the intersection of sideline and goal line as the center and 1m as the radius, draw a quarter arc into the field, and the area within this arc is called corner area.
six
Goal: The goal should be located in the center of each goal line, and it is composed of two vertical goalposts with a distance of 7.32 meters and an equal distance from the flag point in the west corner, and a horizontal crossbar with a lower edge of 2.44 meters above the ground. In order to ensure safety, both the fixed goal and the movable goal must be stably fixed on the field. The width and thickness of doorposts and crossbars shall be symmetrical and equal, and shall not exceed 12 cm. The net is attached to the goalpost, crossbar and ground behind the goal. The net should be properly propped up, so that the goalkeeper has enough room to move. The material of the net is allowed to be made of hemp, jute or nylon. Nylon rope can be used, but it must not be thinner than hemp or hemp rope.
06
Position on the football field
one
Goalkeeper: The main responsibility is to hold the goal, observe the changes of the game on the field, organize and direct the offensive and defensive of the whole team.
2
Full-back: mainly responsible for defending the opposing winger or other players who are inserted into the winger position, and cooperating with the central defender to make up for each other and block the way to attack the goal directly. When our team attacks, we can also wait for an opportunity to help out and play the role of winger.
three
Central defender: It is the pillar of defense. Its main duty is to defend the most dangerous area in the front center of the goal, stop the opponent from shooting, and cooperate with the full-back and another central defender to make up for each other’s positions. It should also play the role of offensive and defensive organization and command.
four
Avant-garde: It is active in the middle zone between the striker and the defender, and its main responsibility is to control the midfield, which is the barrier of defense and the link of frontier attack. Advance can attack, retreat can defend, and timely insert or long-range, which plays the core role of the team.
five
Center: The main responsibility is to shoot through or catch a cross ball. Secondly, it is the "sharp knife" and "shooter" of our team through cross transposition, left and right coordination, disturbing the other side’s defense line and creating opportunities for our companions to insert, cut or shoot. It is the first line of defense for the whole team when the attack turns to the defense.
six
Winger: The main duty is to break through the opponent’s defense line from the side, take the ball and cut the shot or cross the baseline or outflank the shot. When defending, we should keep a close eye on our full-backs, prevent them from assisting freely, and assist our full-backs in defending the opposing wingers.
07
game
compare
game
rule
rule
1. Competition system
The game is divided into two teams, each with 11 players (generally speaking, each team is allowed to replace three substitute players during the game), and one of them must be a goalkeeper. The whole game is 90 minutes, which is divided into upper and lower halves, with each half lasting 45 minutes. The rest time between the first half and the second half shall not exceed 15 minutes. There is a referee and two sideline referees in the game. In each half, the referee can make up time according to the injuries and time-consuming substitution on the field. If the game must be decided, if the two teams draw within 90 minutes, overtime will be played for 15 minutes in the first half and 15 minutes in the second half. If the game is still tied, the winner will be decided by penalty kick.
The game time should be divided into two equal halves, 45 minutes for each half and 90 minutes for a ball game. Unless otherwise agreed by both parties under special circumstances, the following provisions shall apply:
A. In each half, the time lost due to substitution, dealing with the wounded, delay time and other reasons shall be made up, and the amount of this time shall be decided by the referee.
B. At the end of each half-time or after the whole game, if a penalty kick, corner kick, frontcourt free kick or the ball enters the opponent’s penalty area and the goal has not been completed yet, the time shall be extended until the end of the attack. Unless the referee agrees, the rest time between the first half and the second half shall not exceed 15 minutes.
2. Kick-off method
1. Before the start of the game, the kick-off or venue should be selected by coin-in, and the party who picks first should have the right to choose the kick-off or venue. After the referee gives the signal, the game should be started by a player of the opening team kicking the ball (that is, kicking the ball placed in the center of the playing field). Before the ball is kicked out, all the other players (except the team members) should be in their own half, and the opposing team members who open the team should also keep at least 9.15 meters away from the ball; After the ball is kicked out, there is obvious displacement. It should be considered that the kickoff player is not allowed to touch the ball again before the ball is touched or kicked by other players.
2. After a goal is scored, a player from the negative side should kick off again in the same way to continue the game.
At the beginning of the second half, the two teams should exchange venues, and the other side of the team that kicked off in the first half will kick off.
3. Penalty
1. Any kick-off that violates the rules in this chapter should be reopened. If the kickoff player touches the ball again before the ball is touched or kicked by other players, the opposing team should be at the foul place. Kick an indirect free kick
2. Kick-off can be scored directly to the opponent. Kicking into one’s own goal will result in a corner kick.
3. If the ball doesn’t cross the sideline or goal line when the game is suspended for reasons not specified in these rules, when the game is resumed, the referee should drop the ball at the position where the ball was suspended, and the game will be resumed when it hits the ground. If the ball is in the goal area when the game is suspended, it should be dropped on the goal line nearest to the position where the ball is located and parallel to the goal line. When the ball is dropped, the players must not touch the ball before it hits the ground, otherwise the referee should drop the ball again.
4. Dead ball
In the following cases, it becomes a dead ball:
When the ball crosses the goal line or sideline on the ground or in the air.
When the game has been stopped by the referee.
5. The game is going on
From the start of the competition to the end of the competition, the competition should be in progress, including:
A. The ball bounces back from the goalpost, crossbar or corner flagpole.
B. The ball bounced off the referee or linesman on the court.
C. the players on the field fouled and the referee didn’t punish them.
6. Method of winning
Unless otherwise stipulated in the rules, if the whole ball crosses the goal line from between the goalposts and under the crossbar, instead of being thrown or brought in by the attacker’s hand and deliberately pushed into the goal with his hand or arm (except that the goalkeeper is in his own penalty area), the attacker wins a goal. In a game, the team that wins more goals is the winning team. If neither side wins or the number of wins is equal, the game should be called a "draw".
7. Penalty for violation of regulations
-offside
(1) An attacker who is closer to the opponent’s goal line than the ball is in an offside position. Except in the following cases:
1. The player is in his own half.
2. At least two players of the opposing team are closer to the goal line of the opposing team than this player.
(2) When the player kicks or touches the ball, and the team member is offside, the referee thinks that the player has the following behaviors, so it should be judged offside:
1. Interfering with the game or the other side;
2. Attempt to gain benefits from offside position.
(3) A player should not be judged offside in the following circumstances:
1. The players are only offside;
2. A player can directly catch a goal kick, corner kick or throw the ball out of bounds.
(4) If a player is sentenced to offside, the referee shall award an indirect free kick by the opposing player at the offside location. If the player is offside in the opponent’s goal area, then this free kick can be executed anywhere in the goal area where he was offside.
-Fouls and misconduct
(1) A member intentionally violates any of the following nine items, namely:
1. Kicking or attempting to kick an opposing team member.
2. Tripping the opponent’s players, that is, behind or in front of the opponent, stretching your legs or bending over to trip or attempt to trip the opponent.
3. Jump to the opposing team.
4. Violent or dangerous collision with the other team members.
5. In addition to the other side is blocking, from behind the other team.
6. Try to hit the opposing team and spit on them.
7. Pull the opposing team.
8. Push the opposing team.
9. Touch the ball with your hands, for example, carrying and pushing the ball with your hands or arms (except for the goalkeeper in his own penalty area).
Note: On March 5th, 2021, international football association board announced that it had adjusted the rules concerning hand ball, and not all handball was considered a foul. Unintentional handball that causes teammates to score a goal or get a chance to score will no longer be considered a foul. In all the above cases, the opponent should be sentenced to kick a direct free kick at the foul place. If the foul place is in the opponent’s penalty area, the free kick can be executed anywhere in the penalty area. In the course of the game, if the defender intentionally violates any of the above nine items in his own penalty area, he should be awarded a penalty no matter where the ball is at that time.
(2) A player commits any of the following five fouls, namely:
1. The referee thinks that his actions are dangerous, such as trying to kick the ball that the goalkeeper has caught.
2. When the goalkeeper is in the penalty area:
A. Holding, patting or throwing the ball into the air in any direction after controlling the ball by hand, and then catching it, and walking for more than 4 steps without making the ball enter the competition state.
B. After holding the ball, touch the ball with your hands again according to the situation in clause (2)c, although you have made the ball enter the competition state before touching the ball by the team members outside the penalty area or the opposing team members inside and outside the penalty area.
C. The goalkeeper touches the ball with his hand after a team member intentionally kicks the ball to the goalkeeper.
D. The referee thinks that due to tactical purposes, the team intentionally stops the game and delays the game time, which makes the team gain illegitimate interests.
In all the above cases, the opponent should be judged to kick an indirect free kick at the foul place according to the specific circumstances of the first free kick rule.
3. Players should be warned and shown a yellow card in the following situations:
E. After the start of the game, players enter or re-enter the game or leave during the game: except for accidents, in either case, without the permission of the referee in advance.
F. If the referee suspends the game to execute the warning, the opponent will kick an indirect free kick to resume the game at the place where the ball is located when the game is suspended according to the specific situation of the free kick rules.
G. If the foul player has other more serious foul circumstances, he shall be punished according to the relevant provisions of the rules.
H. the team members violated the rules continuously.
I. express dissatisfaction with the referee’s decision by words or actions.
J. has improper behavior.
Except for a more serious foul, if a player’s behavior falls into any of the last three items mentioned above, he should be given a yellow card warning and ordered to kick an indirect free kick at the foul place according to the specific conditions of any team rules.
(3) When the referee thinks that a player has the following situations, he should be ordered to play and show a red card:
1. Commit acts of violence.
2. Serious foul.
3. Use foul language or abuse.
4. After being given a yellow card warning, he was given a second yellow card warning for foul.
The game is suspended because of the penalty. If the player does not violate other rules, the opponent should be sentenced to kick an indirect free kick in the foul place according to the specific situation of the free kick rules.
8. Free kick
There are two kinds of free kicks: direct free kicks (which can be scored directly into the goal of the foul team) and indirect free kicks (the server is not allowed to shoot directly, and can only shoot after being touched by other players).
9. penalty kick
(1) Requirements
The penalty kick should be kicked from the penalty spot, and the penalty player must be clearly defined. When serving, all players except the referee and the opposing goalkeeper should be outside the penalty area and in the competition field, and at least 9.15m away from the penalty point. Before the ball is served, the opposing goalkeeper must stand on the goal line between the two goalposts (his feet are not allowed to move). The referee must kick the ball forward; Don’t touch the ball again until other players kick or touch it. When the ball rolls to the circumferential distance of the ball, the game is resumed. Penalty kicks can be scored directly. When the penalty kick is executed in the middle of the game, or when the penalty kick is extended or reissued at the end of the semi-full game in the first half, if the kicked ball touches any post or two posts; Or touch the crossbar; Or touch the goalkeeper; Or continuously touching the goalpost, crossbar or goalkeeper and entering the goal, as long as there is no foul, it should be judged as a winning goal.
(2) Penalty
Anyone who violates any provision of this chapter shall be dealt with as follows:
1. If the defender fouls, the ball should be severely punished if it is not penalized.
2. If an attacker other than the penalty shooters commits a foul, the penalty will be invalid and should be severely punished.
3. If the penalty player commits a foul after the game is resumed, the opposing player shall issue an indirect free kick at the foul place according to the specific situation of the free kick rules.
10. Throw a foul ball
When the whole ball crosses the sideline on the ground or in the air, it should be thrown in any direction in the court by the opponent who touched the ball last before it was out of bounds.
When throwing the ball, the thrower must face the court, and some of his feet should stand on the sideline or outside the sideline. He should not leave the ground with his feet, and throw the ball into the stadium from the head to the back with both hands. The game resumed as soon as the ball entered the court. The thrower must not touch the ball again until it is kicked or touched by other players. Throw a foul ball into the goal directly to score.
penalty provision
1. If the ball is not thrown into the stadium according to the prescribed method, the opposing team members should throw the foul ball in the same place.
2. If the ball thrower touches the ball again after throwing the ball into the stadium before it is kicked or touched by other players, the opposing team should kick an indirect free kick at the place where the foul occurred. If a player fouls in the opponent’s goal area or fouls in his own goal area, he should kick an indirect free kick according to the specific circumstances of the free kick rules.
Goal kick.
When the whole ball crosses the baseline from the outside of the goal in the air or on the ground, and the last player who kicks or touches the ball is the attacking player, the defending goalkeeper will directly issue a restricted area at any place in the restricted area to resume the game. The goalkeeper must not put the ball in his hand before sending it into the game. If the ball is not directly served from the tee, that is, it has not entered the game, it should be re-served. The goalkeeper must not touch the ball again before it is kicked or touched by other players. Goal kick is not allowed to score directly. When serving goal kick, the opposing team members should stand outside the service area before the ball is sent out of the service area.
After the player who serves goal kick kicks the ball out of the service court, he touches the ball again before it is kicked or touched by other players, and the opposing player shall be awarded an indirect free kick at the place where the foul occurred. If a player fouls in the penalty area, it will be executed according to the specific situation of the free kick rule.
12. Corner kick
When the whole ball crosses the goal line from the outside of the goal, whether in the air or on the ground, and the defender touches the ball finally, the attacking player puts the ball in the corner area close to the ball out of bounds and kicks the corner kick.
Do not move the corner flagpole when serving the corner kick. A corner kick can win a goal directly. The opponent of the corner kick player shall not enter within 9.15 meters from the ball when the ball has not entered the game, that is, the ball has not rolled to the circumferential distance of the ball. A player serving a corner kick is not allowed to touch the ball again before it is touched by other players.
1. When a player who kicks a corner touches the ball again before it is kicked or touched by other players, the referee shall order the opposing player to kick an indirect free kick at the place where the foul occurred. If a player fouls in the goal area, it will be executed according to the specific situation of the free kick rule in the rules.
2. If there is any other foul, the corner kick should be kicked again.
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08
organization
one
The highest organization in the world is the International Football Federation, which was founded in 1904 and headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland.
The highest organization in China is the Chinese Football Association, which was established in Beijing on January 3rd, 1955.
09
Top ten famous football matches
one
The FIFA World Cup is held every four years. It is a football match with the participation of national teams all over the world, which symbolizes the highest honor in football and has the greatest popularity and influence.
2
The European Football Championship, also known as the "European Championship", is held every four years and is one of the most influential international football competitions. Since 2016, the number of teams participating in the final stage of the European Championship has expanded to 24.
three
The European Champions League, referred to as the "Champions League" or "Champions League", represents the highest level and honor of European club football. Twenty-two clubs have won the Champions League in succession, with Real Madrid winning the championship the most times, totaling 13 times.
four
The English Football Super League, referred to as the "Premier League" for short, is one of the "five major leagues" in Europe. It is composed of 20 teams and is considered to be one of the best leagues in the world. With its fast pace, fierce competition and numerous strong teams, it has become the most popular sports event in the world and the highest-paid football league.
five
Italian Football League One, referred to as "Serie A" for short, is one of the highest-level professional football leagues in the world. In the 1980s and 1990s, there were many stars and powerful teams in Serie A, which was called "Little World Cup".
six
Spanish Football League One, referred to as La Liga for short, is the most competitive league in Europe at present. It is known as the "Star League" and "Mr. League" and is the cradle of cultivating footballer of the year and the Golden Globe Award.
seven
German Football League One, referred to as "Bundesliga", is the highest-level club competition in German football. Bayern Munich is the most successful team in the Bundesliga, winning 28 Bundesliga titles.
eight
French Football League One, referred to as "Ligue 1" for short, started the era of "Green Giants" dominating Ligue 1 when French football superstar Platini debuted in saint etienne in the 1970s, which produced a turning point in Ligue 1 and made French football once again become an important force in Europe.
nine
The America’s Cup is the most important national football match attended by the member countries of South American Football Association. It was formerly known as the South American Football Championship and is also the oldest national football match in the world. It is held every four years.
10
The Asian Cup is the highest-level national competition in Asia. Since 1997, Asian Cup champions have represented AFC in the FIFA Confederations Cup.
10
Top ten famous football stars
one
Famous stars: Pele, Diego Maradona, johan cruyff, franz beckenbauer, Zidane, Ronaldo, alfredo di stefano, bobby charlton, Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo.
Source: Ping An Kudur
Editor: Zhang Zibo
Editor in charge: Yang Xiaobin
Duty Officer: Zhang Lijuan