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Zulu, a new force in Civilization 6, announced that African chiefs led the rise of tribes.

　

Characteristic unit-Bantu samurai regiment

Wandering stars

　　Zulu Warrior Regiment is a formidable force. Ambitious Shaka raised their fighting capacity to a new height with the help of the Ikova spear (a short and sharp spear with a wider blade than the throwing spear) and the light shield (a large oval shield covered with cowhide). Zulu warriors can perform shield wall tactics, which can not only defend against throwing stones and flying arrows, but also hide their true strength. When attacking, the "horns" are discharged-the recruits are responsible for containing the enemy’s two wings to encircle them (horns), while the more experienced main force is responsible for destroying the contained enemy (oxen).

　　Shaka’s Bantu warrior training system is quite cruel. However, the harsh conditions also make the well-trained soldiers closely United and easily arrange a complicated battle. This unit replaces the spearmen and has a higher attack bonus; The cost is lower than that of other combat units in the same generation, and the maintenance cost is lower and the experience value is gained faster.

Characteristic area-Kanda, Iraq

Wandering stars

　　Kanda (also known as "corral" or "Umz") is a self-sufficient Zulu settlement, which can defend against foreign enemies. It has a double wooden fence, the inner layer keeps livestock and the outer layer isolates intruders. For practical and strategic reasons, Kanda is usually located on the hillside: it can be used for natural cleaning by flowing rainwater, and it can also be used for commanding and defending foreign enemies. In Shaka’s military system, the Legion is stationed in Icandane for daily training and life.

　　When Zulu marched eastward and westward for inclusion in the surrounding tribes, more Iraqi Kanda would appear like mushrooms after rain. This Zulu characteristic area can provide more housing instead of camp. After meeting the municipal or scientific and technological preconditions, legions and armies can be directly produced to speed up their creation.

Leader’s Characteristic Ability —— Ibuto

Wandering stars

　　Shaka became the leader of a Bantu army at the age of 23. His outstanding military exploits made him become one of the most effective commanders under Chief Dingiswayo. Shaka was good at training troops and reorganizing equipment, and replaced the low-lethal javelin with a wide-edged Ikewa spear and a large cowhide shield. Therefore, in the game, Shaka can form a legion (which needs "mercenary" municipal government) and an army (which needs "nationalist" municipal government) earlier. In addition, Ibuto can also provide additional basic combat power for the legion and the army.

The ability of civilization characteristics-tribal praise

　　After the tribe is conquered, it will be incorporated into the Zulu kingdom, and its young and middle-aged people will be incorporated into Ibuto and continue to fight with the Zulu army. Shaka waved the baton of the Bantu Warriors with one hand, and offered a diplomatic offensive with the other hand-a "tribal tribute" in the game. After conquering the city, you can gain loyalty bonus by stationing troops here. After unlocking the corresponding municipal government, the units that conquer the city will be upgraded to legions or armies.

　　Chaka Zulu is one of the nine leaders in Civilization 6: Rise and Fall, which will be released on February 8, 2018.

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Anti-monopoly breaks the ills of big data ＂killing＂

　　On December 17th, "Big Data Killing" was searched by Weibo again, this time the protagonist was Meituan. Taxi software takes different pricing for the same customers, and booking hotel members costs more than ordinary users … … In recent years, "big data killing" has been frequently searched. Experts pointed out that the Anti-monopoly Guide on Platform Economy (Draft for Comment) (hereinafter referred to as the Anti-monopoly Guide) refines the provisions of the Anti-monopoly Law regulating Internet violations and promotes the platform to better assume social responsibilities. In order to eradicate the chaos of "big data killing", it is essential to improve laws and regulations and strengthen law enforcement, and urge enterprises to be honest and self-disciplined.

　　"Big data killing" frequency hot search

　　On December 17th, an article titled "I was cut by a member of Meituan" was screened on social media. Based on his own experience of ordering takeout, the author found that in the same store on Meituan, with the same delivery address and at the same time, the delivery fee for members was higher than that for non-members. According to the article, it was thought that opening take-away members would save money, but the delivery fee of almost all take-away merchants nearby was higher than that of non-members from 1 yuan to 5 yuan.

　　At that time, "Meituan was killed by explosion" and quickly boarded the hot search list of Weibo on that day. Netizens complained in Weibo, Zhihu, black cats, friends circle, etc. about the differential treatment of old members by Meituan: the delivery fee is higher, the price increases after eating in the same store for two or three times, the full amount of membership is reduced after opening, and even the renewal of membership fee has felt that Meituan’s "likes the new and hates the old". Moreover, this is not only the case with the US Mission, but also the above problems when you are hungry.

　　Later, Meituan’s take-out issued a statement in response, saying that the difference in delivery fee has nothing to do with membership. Because of the positioning cache in the software, the user’s last historical positioning was wrongly used, which deviated from the user’s actual position, resulting in inaccurate estimation of delivery fee. When placing an order, it will be calculated according to the real delivery address and will not be affected.

　　The reporter learned that consumers’ complaints about "big data killing" are not just on the takeaway platform. During the "double 11" this year, Ms. Han, a Beijing consumer, found that she booked a hotel through an App, and the price difference was about 1000 yuan.

　　On September 15th, CCTV named the phenomenon of "big data killing" on the online travel platform, and mentioned that the online travel platform set differentiated prices for the same product or service under the same conditions for tourists with different consumption characteristics. On the same day, a poll conducted on the Weibo showed that 15,000 people thought they had encountered obvious price differences, accounting for nearly 80% of all voters.

　　In March 2019, the survey results of "Big Data Killing" released by Beijing Consumers Association showed that 88.32% of the respondents thought that "Big Data Killing" was common or very common, and 56.92% of the respondents said that they had been killed by "Big Data". At the same time, respondents believe that online shopping platforms, online travel and online car rides have the most problems in consumer "big data killing", and online travel ranks first.

　　On December 20, 2018, "Big Data Killing" was elected as the top ten buzzwords in social life in 2018.

　　… …

　　In addition, similar "killing" phenomena have appeared on many platforms such as air tickets and movies.

　　"Big data killing" needs to be standardized

　　Nowadays, big data algorithms are becoming more and more advanced, and information customization can meet people’s diversified and personalized needs. Liu Peng, an expert in the field of big data and artificial intelligence, said that the Internet platform can accurately portray netizens by collecting social data and behavioral data, thus reducing the cost of users’ access to information, improving the quality of service to users and adding convenience to life.

　　According to Wang Wei, director of the Information Security Department of Beijing Jiaotong University, "killing big data" is not technically difficult. He pointed out that after mastering personal information, behavior habits and other data, the platform judges its preferences, user adhesion, price sensitivity, etc., and uses big data technology to achieve "thousands of people", so that different prices or search results seen by different users can be "killed".

　　Shen Hao, a professor at the Big Data Research Center of Communication University of China, has the same view. He further pointed out that the Internet platform can easily judge whether it is a "stranger" or a "regular customer" through the amount of user data and the frequency of data updates. As a result, the platform makes a lot of money, the interests of merchants and consumers are damaged, and it is easy to lead to monopoly.

　　Shen Hao introduced that generally speaking, there are two "kill-cooked" routines of the platform: one is to raise prices for users who are not sensitive to prices, and the other is to cultivate old users to develop consumption habits and reduce preferential treatment for old users, that is, to "treat new users better than old users". The "new users" here refer not only to newly registered users, but also to users who have stopped using them for a period of time and then returned.

　　From the legislative practice of European and American countries, once the behaviors such as "killing big data" are identified as unfair behaviors such as price discrimination, they will be strictly prohibited.

　　In 1914, the United States promulgated the Clayton Act, which clarified the impermissible practices such as price discrimination, exclusive transactions, and mergers and acquisitions that would seriously weaken competition. Amazon was exposed to differential pricing in 2000, and the prices displayed before and after users deleted cookie data were different. Amazon CEO Bezos apologized afterwards and said that all this was just an "experiment."

　　In May 2018, the EU General Data Protection Regulation came into effect, and the rights of Internet organizations to freely collect, analyze and manage user information will be strictly limited and regulated. On December 15, 2020, the European Union promulgated the draft Digital Market Law. Hong Yanqing, a senior researcher at the Peking University Institute of Rule of Law and Development, said that the explanatory memorandum of the draft pointed out that a few large platforms are increasingly serving as portals or "gatekeepers" between enterprise users and end users. These "gatekeepers" have substantial control over the access to the digital market, which leads many enterprise users to have greater dependence on these "gatekeepers" and in some cases lead to unfair behavior towards enterprise users. Article 55 of the draft clearly requires the gatekeeper to use data: in order to ensure that enterprise users can obtain relevant data, the gatekeeper should allow them to obtain data free of charge without hindrance according to the requirements of enterprise users, and should also allow the third party contracted by enterprise users to access these data. The "gatekeeper" should also facilitate real-time access to these data through appropriate technical measures.

　　At present, there are laws such as E-commerce Law and Consumer Protection Law that regulate the "big data killing" behavior in China, but in fact, consumers often face the problem of proof when they encounter "big data killing".

　　In 2019, when the Beijing Consumers Association released the survey results of "Big Data Killing", it pointed out that operators usually defend themselves on the grounds of product model or configuration, enjoying package discounts, and different time points, and do not disclose specific algorithms, rules and data. On the contrary, consumer rights protection is often in a difficult position to prove. The reporter inquired about the referee’s document network and found that some consumers had sued a take-away platform to the court on the grounds of "big data killing", but because of the difficulty of proof, both the first instance and the second instance lost.

　　Anti-monopoly has a bright sword for "killing big data"

　　In this context, the Anti-monopoly Law (Revised Draft) that has been completed and the Anti-monopoly Guide that has just finished soliciting opinions bear the expectations of all sectors of society.

　　Zhai Wei, executive director of the Competition Law Research Center of East China University of Political Science and Law, pointed out that the Anti-Monopoly Guide refines the relevant provisions of the Anti-Monopoly Law regulating the Internet platform. Article 17 of the guide clearly points out that operators in the market-dominant platform economy may implement differential transaction prices or other trading conditions, new and old trading counterparts, differential standards, rules and algorithms, and differential payment conditions and trading methods based on big data and algorithms, according to the payment ability, consumption preferences and usage habits of the trading counterparts.

　　At the same time, the Anti-Monopoly Law (Revised Draft) clarifies four possible legitimate reasons for operators in the field of platform economy to implement differential treatment, namely, to implement different trading conditions according to the actual needs of the trading counterparts and in line with legitimate trading habits and industry practices, to carry out preferential activities for the first transaction of new users within a reasonable period of time, to carry out random transactions based on the rules of fairness, reasonableness and non-discrimination on the platform, and other reasons that can prove the legitimacy of the behavior.

　　Associate Professor Zhong Gang, executive director of the Competition Law Research Center of East China University of Political Science and Law, further explained that the clear justification is not to give the merchants an opportunity, but to follow the market logic and maintain the normal profit space of the merchants. According to Zhong Gang, judging whether "big data killing" is established in legal procedures will also give both parties the same right of proof.

　　Enterprises should attach importance to anti-monopoly compliance

　　The strong scale effect and network effect of the Internet industry itself are inherently exclusive to competition. Xiong Hongru, an associate researcher in the Innovation and Development Research Department of the State Council Development Research Center, pointed out that "the big is not a problem, but the big bullying the small, algorithm collusion and even governance risks within the platform".

　　"The Anti-Monopoly Law protects the interests of consumers." Zhang Dezhi, director of the Consumer Supervision Department of the China Consumers Association, said, "I hope that after the revision of the Anti-Monopoly Law and the promulgation of the Anti-Monopoly Guide, it will be reloaded to help create a business atmosphere of fair competition and let consumers become real beneficiaries."

　　Yu Zuo, Secretary-General of the Competition Policy Committee of China Institute of Industrial Economics, pointed out that monopoly enterprises abuse their dominant market position and set unreasonable high prices, which will definitely damage the interests of consumers in the end. It is expected that in the future, law enforcement departments will strengthen law enforcement in accordance with the revised Anti-Monopoly Law and the Anti-Monopoly Guide, and strictly investigate behaviors such as "big data killing" involving price discrimination and abuse of market dominance, so as to make the market compete fairly, improve product quality and benefit consumers.

　　"The life of law lies in its implementation. Administration according to law is the key link of law implementation, and consciously abiding by the law is an important condition for law implementation. " Zhong Chun, an associate professor at Jinan University Law School, said that Internet companies are not short of professional knowledge or professionals, and they should strive to comply with regulatory requirements in anti-monopoly compliance in the future.

　　With the increasing attention of the regulatory authorities and the maturity of the market, the domestic anti-monopoly laws and regulations and the level of law enforcement will be improved and improved rapidly. Lv Laiming, a professor at the Law School of Beijing Technology and Business University and vice president of the Beijing E-commerce Law Research Association, suggested that "fines are not the only way. When enforcing the law or supervising, administrative supervision departments can also take interviews and guidance to further urge them to rectify according to law."

　　To solve the chaos of "big data killing", in addition to improving laws and regulations and strengthening law enforcement, it is more important for enterprises to abide by the law, be honest and self-disciplined.

　　"Internet platform enterprises should strictly abide by anti-monopoly laws and regulations and maintain fair competition in the market." When answering a reporter’s question, the relevant person in charge of the Anti-monopoly Bureau of the General Administration of Market Supervision suggested that enterprises should sort out their own business practices in accordance with the provisions of the Anti-monopoly Law and not engage in monopolistic behaviors prohibited by the Anti-monopoly Law. At the same time, respect the law, abide by the law, and effectively strengthen anti-monopoly compliance management in accordance with the requirements of the Anti-monopoly Compliance Guide for Operators.

　　Xue Jun, director of Peking University E-commerce Law Research Center, suggested that enterprises should establish a socialized appraisal mechanism according to the application scenarios of the algorithm and its impact on citizens’ basic rights and interests, so as to avoid the possible antitrust consequences of the algorithm.

　　Only when laws and regulations are "long teeth", supervision plays an anti-monopoly combination boxing, and enterprises are promoted to self-discipline and social co-governance, can we get rid of the stubborn disease of "killing big data", change "killing" into "familiarity" and turn "first-time customers" into "repeat customers".

The State Sports General Administration issued the Development Plan of Outdoor Sports Industry in Mountainous Areas.

　　Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, National Development and Reform Commission, General Administration of Sport

　　Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Land and Resources, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development

　　Ministry of Transport National Tourism Administration

　　Notice on Issuing the Development Plan of Outdoor Sports Industry in Mountainous Areas

　　All provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government, sports bureaus, development and reform commissions, departments of industry and information technology (commissions), departments of finance (bureaus), departments of land and resources, departments of housing, urban and rural areas and construction, transportation departments and tourism bureaus (commissions):

　　　　　　　　　 The "Mountain Outdoor Sports Industry Development Plan" is hereby printed and distributed to you. Please conscientiously implement it according to the actual situation and accelerate the development of mountain outdoor sports industry.

　　General administration of sports

　　National Development and Reform Commission

　　Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

　　the Ministry of Finance

　　Ministry of Land and Resources (MLR)

　　Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development

　　Ministry of Transport

　　National Tourism Administration

　　October 21, 2016

　
　Development planning of outdoor sports industry in mountainous areas

　　Mountain outdoor sports industry is an important part of fitness and leisure industry. It is a series of economic activities that provide related products and services to the public with the natural mountain environment as the carrier, participation experience as the main form and the purpose of promoting physical and mental health, mainly including mountaineering, hiking, camping, cycling, natural rock climbing, orientation and navigation. At present, China has entered the decisive stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and people’s sports consumption mode has changed from physical consumption to participatory consumption. Vigorously developing the outdoor sports industry in mountainous areas is an important way to meet people’s diversified sports consumption needs, an important content of implementing the National Fitness Plan (2016-2020), building a healthy China and stimulating the vitality of industrial development, and is of great significance to releasing consumption potential and creating new kinetic energy for economic growth. In order to popularize and popularize mountain outdoor sports and accelerate the development of mountain outdoor sports industry, this plan is formulated. The implementation time of this plan is the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period.

　　I. Development Foundation and Facing Situation

　　With the continuous improvement of the national economic level, the sports consumption demand of the masses is also rising, and the mountain outdoor sports industry has achieved rapid growth: the number of outdoor sports enthusiasts in China has reached 130 million, and the outdoor products market has reached 18 billion yuan. The overall strength, industrial coverage, social participation and market recognition of China’s mountain outdoor sports industry have been greatly improved. At the same time, the weak links that restrict the outdoor sports industry in mountainous areas are still outstanding: the industrial scale is small, the industrial base is weak, the industrial system is not perfect, the lack of low-end consumption power coexists with high-end consumption outflow, the increasingly close industrial cooperation coexists with the lack of multi-department cooperation, and the management system is imperfect and the operation mechanism is not smooth.

　　At present, the mountain outdoor sports industry is bound to usher in new strategic development opportunities. With the gradual implementation of the "Healthy China" strategy, the deepening of supply-side structural reform, and the wide application of concepts and tools such as "internet plus", smart tourism and big data, the demand for personalization, stratification and experience of the public tends to be strong, and the supply of mountain outdoor sports products in China will expand from low level and singleness to multi-level and diversified, and the participating groups will change from younger to different ages and diversified.

　　Second, the overall requirements

　　(A) the guiding ideology

　　Fully implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third, Fourth and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the 18th National Congress, firmly establish and implement the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing in accordance with the overall layout of "Five in One" and the strategic layout of "Four in All", with improving people’s well-being and health level as the starting point and the end result, with the supply-side structural reform of mountain outdoor sports industry as the main line, and with innovative development ideas and tapping industrial potential as the starting point.

　　(2) Basic principles

　　Reform leads, innovation develops. Strengthen the role of reform in promoting the development of outdoor sports industry in mountainous areas, intensify reform, and maximize market potential through policy innovation, management innovation, technological innovation and service innovation. Break down industry barriers, remove institutional obstacles, and form a policy system conducive to the healthy and rapid development of outdoor sports industry in mountainous areas. Strengthen the guidance of planning, policies and standards, and innovate the service mode and the development model of outdoor sports industry in mountainous areas.

　　Improve the market and stimulate vitality. Follow the law of industrial development, improve the market mechanism and strengthen market supervision. Actively cultivate diversified market players, attract social capital to participate, fully mobilize the enthusiasm and creativity of the whole society, and provide rich and diverse products and services that meet the needs of the masses.

　　Adjust measures to local conditions and highlight advantages. Based on the current development situation, we should integrate space resources, give full play to the advantages of China’s vast territory and abundant natural resources in mountainous areas, develop the outdoor sports industry in mountainous areas with regional characteristics, and establish an inter-regional coordinated development mechanism to effectively promote the sustainable development of the outdoor sports industry in mountainous areas.

　　Strengthen safety and optimize the environment. Increase investment in safety and security, deepen the awareness of safety responsibility, and strengthen the responsibility system for safety subjects, supervision and post responsibility. Strengthen the awareness of ecological protection, follow strict environmental protection standards, strengthen the protection of drinking water sources and nature reserves, prevent and control environmental pollution, and promote the overall quality of the people.

　　(3) Development goals

　　A mountain outdoor sports industry system with reasonable layout, perfect functions and complete categories has been basically formed. The market mechanism has been continuously improved, and the consumer demand has become more and more vigorous, which has significantly improved the driving role for other industries. By 2020, the total scale of mountain outdoor sports industry will reach 400 billion yuan, which will become an important force to promote sustainable economic and social development.

　　Market players are growing. By 2020, a number of leading enterprises with great influence and strong driving force will emerge, launch a number of outdoor sports products with excellent quality, cultivate a number of qualified mountain outdoor sports clubs and a large number of qualified mountain outdoor sports instructors, and form a number of distinctive industrial clusters and well-known brands.

　　The industrial base has improved significantly. The supply of outdoor sports venues and facilities in mountainous areas has increased significantly. Form a different level and diversified mountain outdoor sports event system. The population participating in outdoor sports in mountainous areas is growing, and the proportion of residents’ outdoor sports consumption in per capita disposable income has increased significantly.

　　The industrial environment is constantly optimized. The vitality of institutional mechanisms has been significantly enhanced, administrative monopoly and local protection have been effectively eliminated, the standard system has been further improved, the resource information interactive service platform has been gradually formed, the regulatory mechanism is standardized and efficient, and the market system is healthy and orderly.

　　III. Main tasks

　　(A) to speed up the construction of venues and facilities

　　Improve the infrastructure network. Strengthen the scientific planning and layout of outdoor sports venues and facilities in mountainous areas, and establish a three-dimensional and diversified system of outdoor sports venues and facilities in mountainous areas. Appropriately increase the proportion of land for outdoor sports facilities and supporting facilities in mountainous areas. Combine smart cities and green travel, plan and build urban slow-moving system and coordinate urban and rural greenway network, and build national trail system and bicycle road network. We will build a number of outdoor sports venues and related service facilities such as outdoor camps, hiking trails, hiking trails and cycling trails, and promote the construction of star-rated standards.

　　Column 1 Building outdoor sports venues and facilities in mountainous areas

　　In the form of "point, line and surface", scientific layout will be made to form a three-dimensional and diversified system of outdoor sports venues and facilities in mountainous areas.

　　"Points": large-scale national outdoor leisure sports centers (bases) around big cities, medium-sized outdoor sports campsites, and functional areas where small mountain outdoor facilities are concentrated.

　　"Line": national trails with various functions, outdoor cycling system, greenway network with sports and fitness functions, slow-moving system, etc.

　　"Face": A linear path of sports, leisure and fitness connects all points of the venue facilities in series, supporting the corresponding public service facilities and forming an integrated platform.

　　Revitalize the existing site resources. Make full use of parks and urban outdoor vacant places, focus on building a number of outdoor sports facilities that are convenient for the people and benefit the people, dig deep into idle resources in outdoor mountains, and support the use of unused land, abandoned land and remote mountains to build outdoor sports projects in mountainous areas.

　　Expand the development space of the site. Guide qualified suburban areas to build mountain outdoor sports infrastructure such as hiking trails, mountain outdoor camps, hiking and cycling service stations, and improve supporting services. Plan and improve the construction of outdoor sports complex in mountainous areas. Encourage tourist attractions, state-owned forest farms and other reasonable planning and construction of outdoor sports facilities in mountainous areas. Support rural collective economic organizations to participate in mountain outdoor sports projects by themselves or by means of land use rights, joint ventures, etc.

　　(B) enrich the supply of sports events

　　Improve the competition system. Continue to improve and innovate, and build a level system of top-level events, professional events and amateur events. Organic combination of mountain outdoor sports boutique events and mass events, and actively promote the effective connection between national events and local events.

　　Cultivate characteristic activities. Strive to creatively plan a number of high-level and high-quality mountain outdoor sports theme games, create outdoor sports games and festivals with regional characteristics and local culture as the theme, cultivate outdoor experience and adventure activities with environmental protection, outdoor knowledge and skills and personality shaping as the theme, and establish forums and exhibitions with mountain outdoor sports, outdoor culture and outdoor industrial exchanges as the theme.

　　Create a brand event. Expand the scale of events, increase the types of events, cultivate a number of international brand events, create a number of nationally influential and well-known brand events, and form a good situation for the development of mountain outdoor sports events with "one product" and "one place, one product".

　　(3) Cultivate diversified market players

　　Support enterprise development. Guide powerful mountain outdoor enterprises to further enhance their core competitiveness through management output, chain operation and scale development. Encourage large-scale mountain outdoor enterprises to achieve cross-regional, cross-industry and cross-ownership mergers, restructuring and listing. Encourage overseas mergers and acquisitions of dominant brand enterprises to expand the international market. Support the rapid development of operating outdoor sports clubs. Encourage all kinds of small and medium-sized outdoor enterprises in mountainous areas to develop in the direction of "specialization, precision, specialty and novelty" and strengthen characteristic management, products and services.

　　Expand social organizations. Vigorously support the development of various non-profit mountain outdoor sports associations, federations, clubs and other social organizations. Actively promote the pilot reform of the national mountain outdoor sports association and explore the establishment of a corporate governance structure. Encourage all kinds of social organizations to operate independently according to law, and lower the threshold for mountain outdoor sports clubs to engage in related business.

　　(D) comprehensively enhance the industrial energy level

　　Adjust the industrial structure. Further optimize the outdoor sports service industry, equipment manufacturing industry and related industrial structures in mountainous areas. Accelerate the development of mountain outdoor sports service industry, and support all localities to build a large number of outstanding mountain outdoor clubs, outstanding enterprises and brand competitions. Vigorously promote the development of mountain outdoor sports equipment manufacturing to high-end links such as research and development, design and sales, improve the independent research and development production capacity, and cultivate a number of well-known brands of high-end fitness and leisure equipment with independent intellectual property rights.

　　Column 2 Improve the manufacturing level of outdoor sports equipment in mountainous areas

　　Support the establishment of a world-leading mountain outdoor product research and development center, focus on key technologies, key technologies and common technologies, and form a core technology support system with independent intellectual property rights.

　　Carry out demonstration and promotion of major technology applications, and popularize the advanced experience of innovative technologies, product marketing and retail business models in product research and development and design.

　　Strengthen demonstration and guidance. Promote the service benchmarking of mountain outdoor sports, carefully select a number of regions and projects with distinctive characteristics and rich industrial elements, and create a number of excellent mountain outdoor sports with leading value. Build 3-5 national mountain outdoor sports demonstration zones, 50 mountain outdoor sports boutique routes and 50 mountain outdoor sports boutique projects to speed up the star construction of mountain outdoor sports camps.

　　Improve the industrial layout. Around the national topography, landform and resource distribution characteristics, optimize the spatial layout, create a "three vertical and three horizontal" national mountain outdoor sports strategic layout, actively promote the benign interaction between regions with similar resources, complementary industries and docking supply and demand, and form a unique mountain outdoor sports industrial cluster and industrial belt. Overall planning, scientific optimization of project layout, vigorously develop mass projects such as mountaineering, hiking, camping and mountain biking, steadily develop professional projects such as high-altitude mountaineering and rock climbing, actively expand new forms and new connotations of mountain outdoor sports, and promote the healthy development of mountain outdoor sports.

　　Column 3 Layout of Mountain Outdoor Sports Space

　　"Three verticals and three horizontals" is based on the division of geographical levels from west to east, which includes the three steps of topography and the characteristics of mountains and rivers in China. Based on the division of temperature zones from north to south and the differences in topography and geomorphology, it contains various characteristics such as climate, vegetation, landscape, hydrology, geology and humanities. Based on the existing mountain outdoor sports gathering area, it includes hiking, cycling, go on road trip, rafting and other projects. The main layout architecture is as follows:

　　1. The 500-kilometer trail line along the Taihang Mountains, and the outdoor sports line along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, the Huizhou-Hangzhou Ancient Road and the Xuxiake Ancient Road together form the longitudinal mountain outdoor sports belt in eastern China;

　　2. Cycling and hiking routes from Xi ‘an to Chengdu;

　　3. Cycling and hiking routes along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway (Xining via Golmud and Tanggula to Lhasa);

　　4. Mountain outdoor sports routes along the Silk Road;

　　5. Cycling and hiking routes along National Highway 318;

　　6. Mountain outdoor sports routes along the Yangtze River and on both sides.

　　Promote integrated development. Promote the upgrading of outdoor sports demand in mountainous areas to form a coupling effect, and actively build a highly intelligent, networked and interactive industrial integration system. Develop intelligent technology mountain outdoor sports products, promote the integration of mountain outdoor enterprises and mobile Internet, and make full use of big data, cloud computing, intelligent hardware and various theme apps to expand development space. Vigorously develop outdoor tourism in mountainous areas, support and guide qualified scenic spots to expand outdoor sports tourism projects in mountainous areas, and create high-quality outdoor tourism destinations. Make full use of and tap sports big data to promote the integrated development of outdoor and health services in mountainous areas.

　　Column 4: Promote outdoor sports in the mountains of internet plus.

　　Vigorously support online to offline for outdoor sports in mountainous areas, make full use of and tap the big data of healthy groups, build a networked information service platform, support the development of APP for outdoor sports in mountainous areas, such as venue reservation, guide reservation, sports socialization, sports goods sales, sports rehabilitation, etc., continuously optimize the operation and management mode, enrich the business service content, and comprehensively improve the comprehensive service function. Vigorously support the intelligent networking mode, conform to the development needs, combine the mobile internet and innovative sports concepts with traditional industries, build an interactive mountain outdoor sports platform based on the Internet of Things, and realize the integrated development of mountain outdoor sports industry.

　　(5) Actively guide mass consumption.

　　Enrich product supply. Vigorously promote mountain outdoor sports suitable for public participation in consumption, actively guide the healthy development of key mountain outdoor sports with consumption leading, and encourage the development of characteristic sports suitable for different groups of people and different regional characteristics, such as mountaineering, camping, hiking, mountain biking, rock climbing, mountain adventure, outdoor expansion and canyon rafting, so as to gradually meet the hierarchical and diversified consumption needs of the broad masses of the people.

　　Guide the concept of consumption. Use newspapers, magazines, radio, television, internet and other media to widely publicize the knowledge and methods of mountain outdoor sports, promote various mountain outdoor sports venues and consumption information, encourage the use of various social platforms, enhance consumption experience, actively guide and stimulate residents’ willingness to consume, promote residents to change their consumption concepts, and enhance public awareness of consciously participating in mountain outdoor sports.

　　(6) Improve the safety rescue system.

　　Create a safe first aid network. Intensify the education and rescue of outdoor sports safety in mountainous areas, plan and build an early warning and alarm system and an outdoor emergency rescue system in mountainous areas, build an information management and track tracking system for outdoor sports participants in mountainous areas, and establish a convenient and full-coverage outdoor rescue service system in mountainous areas.

　　Strengthen safety information warning. Establish a risk level information database of mountain outdoor sports destinations, and actively update and publish information such as weather conditions and traffic control in the surrounding areas of mountain outdoor sports destinations. Improve the safety warning, emergency rescue, fire protection, safety protection and other identification information in risk-prone areas.

　　Establish an emergency rescue mechanism. We will steadily promote the construction of outdoor rescue teams in mountainous areas, strengthen early warning, control, rescue, equipment and insurance response drills, and gradually establish and improve a comprehensive rescue mechanism. Accelerate the establishment and improvement of an all-round emergency rescue service system integrating rescue, medical care and transportation.

　　Box 5 Building a Mountain Outdoor Safety Rescue System

　　1. Identification system: build systems such as guide identification, warning identification, warning identification and service guide.

　　2. Safety system: Establish safety protection devices, early warning devices, emergency rescue devices, emergency shelters, rescue teams and rescue equipment.

　　3. Rescue system: build an integrated response system of rescue, medical treatment and transportation.

　　4. Rescue service station: build service center, rest point, campsite and post station, and improve the systems of water supply, power supply, lighting, parking lot, toilet and garbage recovery and disposal.

　　Fourth, safeguard measures

　　(A) innovation system and mechanism

　　We will further improve the macro-management function of the sports administrative department in the mountain outdoor sports industry, and accelerate the formation of a functional system of government agencies with clear rights and responsibilities, reasonable division of labor, efficient operation and legal protection. Break down industry and regional barriers and simplify examination and approval procedures. Implement the State Council’s "Overall Plan for Decoupling Industry Associations from Administrative Organs", continue to promote the pilot reform of individual mountain outdoor sports associations, and complete the decoupling of national mountain outdoor sports associations from sports administrative organs.

　　(B) improve the policy system

　　Effectively implement the current national planning and layout, taxes and fees, prices, land and other policies to support the development of sports industry. Make overall use of existing capital channels to give necessary support to the outdoor sports industry in mountainous areas. Promote the use of government and social capital cooperation model (PPP) to promote policy innovations such as mountain outdoor sports insurance services, rescue systems and industrial statistics.

　　(C) lay a solid foundation for work

　　Strengthen the construction of public service system in mountainous outdoor sports concentration areas, and promote the establishment and improvement of service guarantee systems such as policy, transportation, security, information and technical services and rescue systems in and around the concentration areas. Accelerate the construction of standard systems for outdoor sports and outdoor industries in mountainous areas, formulate service specifications for outdoor sports in mountainous areas, improve the safety, order and quality assurance system for outdoor sports in mountainous areas, and improve the standardization level of outdoor sports and outdoor industries in mountainous areas in facilities construction, service provision, skills training, personnel qualification, activity management, project operation, equipment and so on. Establish and improve the statistical system and index system of mountain outdoor sports industry, establish evaluation and monitoring mechanism, and form a normalization mechanism for data monitoring and regular release of mountain outdoor sports industry.

　　(D) Strengthen the protection of talents

　　Encourage multi-party investment and carry out various types of vocational education and training. Encourage qualified colleges and universities to set up mountain outdoor sports industry majors, and encourage colleges and universities, research institutes, vocational training institutions and sports enterprises to establish mountain outdoor sports industry teaching, research and training bases. Strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in the training of talents in mountain outdoor sports industry, and accelerate the construction of think tanks in mountain outdoor sports industry.

　　(5) Strengthen organizational leadership.

　　Establish a communication and coordination mechanism for the relevant competent departments of mountain outdoor industry, timely analyze and solve the development situation and problems of mountain outdoor sports industry, and study and formulate various policies and measures for the development of mountain outdoor sports industry. Incorporate mountain outdoor sports industry into national economic and social development plans at all levels, as well as the development plans of related industries and departments. Sports administrative departments at all levels should strengthen the work of mountain outdoor sports industry and promote the development of mountain outdoor sports industry.

　　(6) Strengthen supervision and implementation.

　　Relevant departments at all levels should further clarify the basic tasks, work objectives and safeguard measures for the development of outdoor sports industry in mountainous areas, accurately grasp the focus of work, clarify the division of responsibilities, and do a good job in organizing and implementing all work. It is necessary to improve the supervision and implementation mechanism of the implementation of the plan, take effective measures, strictly supervise the implementation of the plan, and ensure the smooth implementation of the plan. (End)

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It took Sichuan Zigong father and son 50 days to climb over 12 mountains on foot in Tibet.

It took Sichuan Zigong and his son 50 days to climb over 12 mountains on foot in Tibet (Figure)

　　Zigong, Sept. 11 (Liu Gang) "Every child can receive different education methods. I just want to experience the child’s will by hiking and accompany him to grow up healthily." In the past few days, the image of awei, a man from Zigong, Sichuan Province, who traveled with his son Xiaobao for 50 days and arrived in Lhasa, Tibet on foot along the 318 National Road has spread rapidly in the circle of WeChat friends.

　　Awei, a 36-year-old native of Zigong, Sichuan, currently runs a cultural media company. He hoped that his son could cultivate a hard-working, brave and strong character from an early age, so he began to plan this hiking trip a year ago. Awei introduced that starting from Kangding and entering Tibet along National Highway 318, it is necessary to overcome many difficulties and climb over 12 high mountains above 4,000 meters above sea level to reach Lhasa. After nearly one year’s planning and one month’s preparatory work, this hike fully considered my son’s physical condition and personal wishes. In order to make this trip safe and feasible, one month before departure, he made a detailed daily plan with his son, including clothing, tools, medicines and equipment, what time to leave every day, how many trips, and where to stay. Awei said that before they set off, they drank anti-hyperreflexia drinks every day, and at the same time trained their sons through running to increase their vital capacity and build up their physique. In this way, he and his son have the courage to embark on this journey.

　　"On the second day of hiking, we encountered setbacks." Awei introduced that on July 8, they arrived in Kangding by bus from Zigong, set off from Kangding bus station and started to walk along National Highway 318 to Lhasa. On that day, the itinerary was 37 kilometers over the mountainous area, with a large altitude difference and many bends. They chose to take the path in some sections, but because they were not familiar with the road conditions, they spent a lot of physical strength and wasted a lot of time.

　　The reporter understands that shortly after awei and his son set off together with several hikers, both of them suffered from altitude sickness, but they were afraid to stay before dark, so they had to rely on anti-high-anti drugs for temporary maintenance. Finally, they arrived at Yakou at about 2 pm that day. At about 8 o’clock that night, he and his son successfully went down the mountain and arrived at the No.2 bridge camp at the foot of the mountain.

　　"It’s so hard on the road. Do you blame Dad? Do you want to give up?" The experience of this day made Zhang Wei a little worried. He asked his son. The son replied that the road before giving up was for nothing, and he would not blame his father. This was voluntary. In an instant, the father and son wept bitterly.

　　Awei introduced that the total length from Kangding to Lhasa is more than 1,700 kilometers, mainly by walking. He and his son have backpacks weighing several tens of kilograms, and they have to walk more than 30 kilometers every day. Although it is July and August, on National Highway 318, they can experience four seasons in one day, cool, hot, rainstorm and even hail … … In Yajiang, they teamed up with two other hikers. On August 8, the four of them arrived at the Brother Inn in Paizhen, which is also one of the assembly points for walking the Medog Line. Awei said that walking Medog is a very dangerous thing, and there was no plan to take this section. But my son didn’t want to be separated from his teammates, so he joined this journey.

　　From Songlinkou to Medog Beibeng Township, the whole journey is 78 kilometers, and it is necessary to cross the Duoxiongla Pass at an altitude of more than 4,200 meters, pass through the virgin forest, pass through Tiger Mouth, Leech Ridge and dangerous landslide areas. On the morning of August 9, the truck sent them and their party to Songlinkou — — The starting point of the hiking Medog line. On August 12th, the fourth day of walking in Medog, the team started from Khan Mi in the morning and walked for 32km. At 6pm, they finally arrived at their destination, Beibeng Township. awei and his son successfully conquered the "Medog Line of Life and Death".

　　"I finally completed my mission." On August 17th, awei and his son arrived in Lhasa, and 12-year-old Xiaobao said excitedly in front of the Potala Palace. According to reports, the father and son stayed in Lhasa for 10 days. In addition to visiting scenic spots such as Potala Palace, awei also made a special trip to experience Tibetan culture with his son. Together, they went to learn to make Tibetan incense and visit Thangka painting master … … The father and son also set up a four-day stall on the streets of Lhasa. On August 26th, the father and son flew back to Sichuan.

　　"Walking into Tibet mainly wants to accompany my son to grow up, and it is also a child’s ‘ Summer homework ’ One. " Awei said that the long-distance trip with his son began in 2015, and every time he took the initiative to ask his son for advice, he was fully prepared before implementing it. From the beginning, I don’t understand, I don’t want to go, and I gradually like it. My son has also grown up and matured in a year of travel and tempering. Children’s good conduct, strong and brave personality and independent thinking are now more and more obvious.

　　"The first time he set up a stall, he stood at a distance and dared not approach, let alone sell." Awei said that in recent years, their father and son have been hiking, climbing mountains, living in farmhouses, doing farm work, living in tents, setting up stalls, working and changing places, etc. I found that my son is growing up slowly, and his thinking and views are more mature than those of his peers, which is what I would like to see. Awei said that "hardship" education, such as hiking, varies from person to person and is not suitable for every child. It is not in favor of every parent to follow suit deliberately. It is most important to choose a suitable way to experience and accompany their children according to their own characteristics.

　　"Many times I forget that you are only 12 years old. Only when you arrive at your destination, you are so happy that you forget the pain, I remember that you are still a child. Perhaps, you don’t understand the meaning of walking 318 and crossing this road now, but you will understand its beauty one day. " Awei recorded the feeling of this hike. (End)