分类： cc

　　【Thoroughly study and implement the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era.】

　　Author: Zhu Lingjun (researcher of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center, the supreme leader of the Central Party School [National School of Administration])

　　"Strong Party Spirit" is one of the general requirements for studying and implementing the theme education of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era. Party spirit is the unique attribute of Marxist political parties, which essentially reflects the advanced nature and purity of the party. Only by constantly strengthening the party spirit and ensuring that it does not deteriorate, change color and taste can the Communist Party of China (CPC) always become the backbone of the people of China and the leading core of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause. The important exposition on strengthening party spirit and strengthening party spirit cultivation is an important part of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era. These expositions involve the party spirit of philosophy, the party spirit of news media, the party spirit of party member, the party spirit of Marxist political parties and other important aspects, covering the specific requirements of party member and cadres’ theoretical accomplishment, political accomplishment, moral accomplishment, discipline accomplishment, style accomplishment and professional accomplishment. Comrades of the whole Party should consciously transform the subjective world with Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, deeply understand a series of requirements of this thought on strengthening ideals and beliefs, enhancing ideological realm and strengthening party spirit training, and always maintain the political nature of communist party people.

　　Transform the subjective world with the party’s innovative theory

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Political firmness and party spirit firmness are inseparable from theoretical firmness." It is the basic requirement for communist party people to strengthen their party spirit that they really understand, believe and use Marxism and constantly improve their theoretical cultivation. Marxist theory of party building shows that thoroughness in theory will lead to firmness in action. Communist party people must stand on the position of the overwhelming majority of the people frankly and openly when evaluating anything, and be good at analyzing and solving problems with the world outlook and methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism. Marxism is a guide to action, not a dogma. Guiding practice with developing Marxism means that the Party keeps pace with the times and is always at the forefront of the times. The party’s innovation theory contains rich ideological achievements in transforming the objective world. Armed with these achievements, we can deepen our subjective understanding, grasp the law of practice, clarify the direction of action and promote all work.

　　Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out: "If 100 to 200 of our party systematically learned Marxism–Leninism’s comrades, not piecemeal, practically, not empty, it would greatly enhance our party’s fighting strength." Today, our party unites and leads the people to start a new journey to realize the goal of the second century’s struggle, and to promote the construction of a strong country and national rejuvenation will never be achieved easily. It is bound to encounter brand-new topics that have never appeared before, encounter all kinds of difficulties and obstacles, and endure many storms and even stormy waves. Moreover, there is no ready-made model and road to promote Chinese modernization in the world, which requires the party and the people to stick to their own path and find the banner to guide the way forward in the magnificent struggle and practice. Only by studying and implementing Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, and constantly enhancing political identity, ideological identity, theoretical identity and emotional identity, can all comrades in the Party ensure the unity of the Party’s ideological will and actions with theoretical firmness at a major historical juncture, and always maintain the Party’s strong cohesion and combat effectiveness.

　　Stick to the spiritual home of communist party people.

　　Ideals and beliefs are the spiritual "calcium" of communist party people. Without calcium, people will get "rickets". The Communist Party of China (CPC) people’s ideals and beliefs are Marxist beliefs, lofty ideals of communism and common ideals of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "For communist party people, if they shake their faith, deviate from party spirit and lose their purpose, they may be in ‘ Hunting ’ Be captured by people. Only by working hard to establish a solid foundation can bad style be prevented from getting close to the body. " "No matter in the past, present or future, faith in Marxism, faith in Socialism with Chinese characteristics and confidence in realizing the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation are all powerful spiritual forces that guide and support the people of China to stand up, get rich and become strong." From this point of view, communist party people’s firm ideals and beliefs are to stick to their spiritual homeland.

　　Strengthening ideals and beliefs lies in mastering dialectical materialism and historical materialism. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The fundamental reason why some of our comrades have dim ideals and wavered in their beliefs is that their views on historical materialism are not firm." Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has attached great importance to the use of the "common language" of Marxist world outlook and methodology, and constantly improved the Party’s strategic thinking, historical thinking, dialectical thinking, systematic thinking, innovative thinking, rule of law thinking and bottom line thinking ability. The "Six Insistences" put forward by Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Party is an important embodiment of the position, viewpoint and method of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, which requires the comrades of the whole Party to study hard, deeply understand and fully grasp. To strengthen our ideals and beliefs, we must also grasp the law and see the general trend in our study. Reading and studying is an important way for leading cadres to strengthen their party spirit, strengthen their ideals and beliefs and enhance their spiritual realm. Comrades of the whole Party should persist in reading the original text to understand the principle, learn word by word, combine practical learning with problem learning, and deeply understand the significance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era in China, the significance of the times and the significance of the world in the comparative middle schools of ancient and modern China and foreign countries, and always become faithful believers and practitioners of the Party’s innovative theory, and constantly consolidate the political soul and ideological foundation of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people.

　　Loyalty to the Party is the primary political quality of communist party people.

　　Communist party people must stand on the side of the Party and the people, whether they think about problems, engage in research, make decisions or do things. This is the most basic principle of party spirit and the fundamental requirement for improving their ideological level. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out: "Party spirit is a common and universal nature, which everyone in the whole party has." "Concerted action, unanimous opinion and collectivism are party spirit." After the reform and opening up, Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out: "All Communist party member should strengthen party spirit and abide by the party’s constitution and discipline. No matter what experts, scholars, writers and artists are, as long as they are party member, they are not allowed to regard themselves as special and think that they are politically better than the party and can go their own way. " Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Leading cadres should be loyal and clean, and loyalty always comes first." "Loyalty to the party is the primary political quality of communist party people."

　　Communist party people are loyal to the Party and the people. Whether we can unify the responsibility for the superior and the responsibility for the inferior depends on the ideological realm of party member and cadres, and on the scientific spirit and responsibility. To be loyal to the Party, party member and cadres need to cultivate the strength of truth and personality. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Only when communist party people have the strength of personality can they be worthy of their own titles and win people’s praise." In the theme education, all party comrades should, while "learning thoughts", deeply understand the true feelings of the supreme leader General Secretary "Xu Dang Xu Guo, reporting to the Party and reporting to the country" and the personality strength of "I will be selfless and live up to the people", strive for the upper reaches in meeting the sage Si Qi, cultivate sentiment in meeting Germany and Si Qi, and comprehensively enhance the ideological realm and entrepreneurial spirit.

　　Constantly strengthen party spirit training.

　　Party member and cadres’ party spirit cultivation will not naturally improve with the growth of party age, nor will it naturally improve with the promotion of their posts. It must be enriched and improved through ideological tempering, political experience, practical training and professional training. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "When is it easy for a person to make mistakes? That is, when you think that everything is ready and everything goes well, it is easy to do whatever you want when you are handy. If you want to do whatever you want without exceeding the limit, something will go wrong. " Party spirit training has only a starting point, no end, no best, only better.

　　Party member, cadres to strengthen party spirit training, we must adhere to the cultivation of self-cultivation. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "We communist party people, especially leading cadres, should be broad-minded and ambitious, always be concerned with the party, the people and the country, and consciously adhere to the principle of party spirit." To strengthen the exercise of party spirit, we must be serious about the political life within the party. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has attached great importance to the political life within the Party, participated in and guided the special democratic life meeting of the Standing Committee of Hebei Provincial Party Committee, and guided the special democratic life meeting of the Standing Committee of Lankao County Committee of Henan Province, and advocated that party member cadres bite their ears and sweat, and make good use of the weapons of criticism and self-criticism. To strengthen the exercise of party spirit, we must also transform the subjective world in transforming the objective world. It is the law for the Communist Party of China (CPC) people to push forward the cause of the Party and the people, and it is also the law for leading cadres to grow and progress. To strengthen party spirit training, we must always adhere to the materialistic attitude. Adhere to the attitude of historical materialism, always stand firm on the people’s stand, always keep a clear head on the historical development of faltering, and always remain optimistic about the direction of history; Adhere to the attitude of dialectical materialism, do not believe in religion, do not engage in feudal superstition, and cultivate healthy life sentiments. In short, party member and cadres should strengthen party spirit training, realize inner-party unity by taking up the weapon of criticism and self-criticism, and realize the sublimation of party spirit to human nature by unifying commonness and individuality.Realize self-transcendence in the spiral rise of negation of negation.

　　Make the party full of vigor and vitality all the time.

　　Party organizations at all levels, party member and cadres should "strengthen party spirit" and maintain their political qualities. The so-called political nature refers to the nature, purpose, program, style and other essential provisions of the party. In the basic viewpoint and scientific system of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, there are a lot of important expositions about maintaining the political nature of communist party people. For example, stick to the party’s initial intention and mission, carry forward the great spirit of party building, strengthen political and cultural construction within the party, be serious about political life within the party, strictly enforce political discipline and rules, enhance the political and organizational functions of party organizations, improve political ability, especially political judgment, political understanding and political execution, and strengthen the cultivation of leading cadres’ fighting spirit and fighting skills, and so on.

　　At present, all comrades in the Party should consciously study and implement the important exposition of General Secretary of the Supreme Leader on strengthening the Party’s political construction and improving the political ability of leading cadres, always think about problems from the perspective of the Party and the country, always bear in mind that "the country is the greatest", deeply understand the decisive significance of "two establishments", consciously enhance "four consciousnesses", strengthen "four self-confidences" and achieve "two safeguards", and drive people’s great unity with strong unity within the Party. Leading cadres, especially young cadres, should always look at the Party’s theory, line, principles and policies, party constitution’s party rules and discipline, and their initial mission, see clearly whether something should be done or not, always reflect on themselves, strictly abide by the rules and regulations, and always remain honest and honest. Party organizations at all levels should highlight problem orientation, take the initiative to find out deficiencies, accept political physical examination, clean up political dust, correct behavioral deviations, solve outstanding problems in impure thoughts and organizations, and constantly enhance their abilities of self-purification, self-improvement, self-innovation and self-improvement, so that the Party will always be full of vigor and vitality, and always become the strong leadership core of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause.

　　Expert introduction:

　　Yu Mengyue, chief physician, professor and doctoral supervisor of National Cardiovascular Center and Fuwai Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences, member of China Clinical Epidemiology Society and young member of China Public Health Society.

　　In recent years, the prevalence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is rising, and the incidence of sudden death is getting higher and higher. Many public figures, such as actors Gao Xiumin, Gu Yue and Ma Ji, died of sudden death. The main cause of sudden death is sudden cardiac death, including cardiac arrest or acute heart failure caused by coronary heart disease or other malignant arrhythmia. Among them, sudden death caused by coronary heart disease can account for 80%. In addition, some cerebrovascular diseases can also cause sudden death. Although the sudden death happened suddenly, there are actually traces to follow. People at high risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should pay special attention to several abnormal manifestations to prevent sudden death.

　　1. Recently appeared or aggravated chest tightness.

　　If you suddenly feel chest tightness after exercise in the near future, rest for a while can relieve it. This phenomenon suggests that you may have coronary heart disease. The sudden symptoms indicate that the atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary artery is still unstable and may rupture at any time, leading to acute myocardial infarction. If you have chest tightness symptoms occasionally in the past, the symptoms will become more frequent and more serious in the near future. It also shows that the plaques that were previously stable are now slightly damaged and will develop into large ones at any time, leading to the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction. In this case, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible and have medication or surgery.

　　2. flustered.

　　Palpitation is often a subjective feeling of increased heart rate. Irregular increase in heart rate is usually the result of tachyarrhythmia. Most arrhythmias are less dangerous and will not cause sudden death, but if they are frequent ventricular arrhythmias, there is a risk of developing ventricular fibrillation. In addition, palpitation in many elderly people is caused by atrial fibrillation. If atrial fibrillation is accompanied by heart conduction diseases, it is easy to progress to ventricular fibrillation. After a ventricular fibrillation attack, it can lead to death within a few minutes. Therefore, frequent palpitation attacks should also be treated in time.

　　3. The heartbeat is too slow.

　　The beating of the heart is initiated by specific pacing cells. The poor function of pacing cells will slow down the beating rate of the heart and even lead to cardiac arrest in severe cases. Pacing cell function will gradually deteriorate with age. With the continuous improvement of life expectancy in China, the proportion of elderly people over 80 years old is also increasing, and the pacemaker cell function of this group will gradually deteriorate and the heart rate will slow down. Older people usually have less activity, and a slower heart rate can also maintain normal life, so it is often ignored. The elderly should regularly monitor blood pressure and heart rate. If the heart rate is less than 50 times and the blood pressure becomes low, it is easy to have long-term cardiac arrest and lead to sudden death.

　　4. syncope.

　　Syncope is an important precursor of sudden death, and most syncope is caused by the sudden slowdown or stop of heartbeat, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the brain. Common causes include sinus node disease, atrioventricular block, and hypertonia of vagus nerve. Sometimes syncope can recover after a few seconds, and if it can’t recover, it will cause sudden death. Therefore, we should be very vigilant after unexplained syncope, find out the cause as soon as possible, and prevent the next syncope or even sudden death.

　　5. Unexplained fatigue.

　　Sudden death is not a patent for the elderly, but also happens to young people. It is normal for many young people to suffer from heavy work pressure and fatigue. However, if there is unexplained fatigue and fatigue, or accompanied by chest tightness and edema, you should be alert to the occurrence of sudden death, which may be caused by myocarditis or cardiomyopathy. Myocarditis is more common among young people, usually after 1~2 weeks of catching a cold, with symptoms such as fatigue, chest tightness and fatigue, which can easily cause acute heart failure. In this case, heavy physical activity and bed rest should be strictly prohibited. Cardiomyopathy is mostly hereditary disease, which is not easy to detect in the early stage. When symptoms appear, irreversible changes in myocardial structure have occurred, such as cardiac enlargement and myocardial hypertrophy, which are very likely to lead to sudden death. Therefore, when there is unexplained fatigue and chest tightness, we should be highly alert to myocarditis and cardiomyopathy.

　　6. Black eyes and numbness of limbs.

　　Stroke is also an important cause of sudden death. Some strokes have a sudden onset, and limb paralysis and high blood pressure will occur within a few minutes. In this case, patients can save their lives if they see a doctor in time. However, some strokes have a slow onset and only mild symptoms in the early stage, and patients don’t care. Once it progresses, it may lead to sudden death, so you need to pay more attention. Especially in patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease or atrial fibrillation, the incidence of stroke is several times higher than that of the general population. If you can’t see things on one side, your limbs are numb and weak, or you walk unsteadily and feel like stepping on cotton, you should be alert to the occurrence of stroke and see a doctor in time. Early identification can often achieve better curative effect.

　　In order to find the above-mentioned precursors of sudden death, we need to be alert to physical discomfort at all times, respond quickly when things happen, and seek medical advice in time. ▲

　　The "Decision" of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee is a programmatic document guiding China to further comprehensively deepen reform in the new journey. In order to better understand and grasp the "seven focuses" reform goals put forward in the Decision, Xinhuanet Sike launched a series of "Interpretation of the Spirit of the Third Plenary Session by Party School Experts" to deeply explore the spiritual essence and reform requirements of further comprehensive deepening reform. The "Decision" proposes to focus on developing people’s democracy in the whole process. Song Xiongwei, a professor in the Department of Politics and Law Teaching and Research of the Central Party School (National School of Administration), made an in-depth analysis of this.

On December 14, 2021, at a polling station in Yingfeng Village, Tuankou Town, Lin ‘an District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, villagers were voting, and village-level monitoring liaison officers were monitoring the votes. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Yushe

　　Xinhuanet Thinker: The "Decision" of the Third Plenary Session emphasizes the need to focus on the development of people’s democracy in the whole process. How to understand the connotation of "people’s democracy in the whole process" under the background of the new era?

　　Song Xiongwei:The whole process of people’s democracy is a great creation of the Communist Party of China (CPC) uniting and leading the people to pursue, develop and realize democracy, and it is one of the essential requirements of Chinese modernization led by the Communist Party of China (CPC).

　　The whole process of people’s democracy is based on China’s historical practice, which provides a theoretical logic completely different from "liberal democracy". It is rooted in China’s traditional culture, closely linked to the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s essential attributes, embodied in the pursuit of democratic human common values, and integrates various forms of electoral democracy and deliberative democracy.

　　The whole process of people’s democracy is based on the new historical position, which provides a value concept and institutional arrangement for the Communist Party of China (CPC) to formulate policies and strategies according to the situation, meet the expectations of the broad masses of the people, realize the unity of the party’s ideas, the will of the state and the will of the people, and give full play to the people’s initiative.

　　"Whole process" refers to the whole process of people’s democracy in China, which not only has a complete system and procedure, but also has a complete participation in practice. It is a full-chain, all-round and full-coverage democracy. Throughout the process, people’s democracy has always adhered to the organic unity of the party’s leadership, the people being the masters of the country and governing the country according to law, which is the crystallization of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s experience in continuously promoting China’s democratic theory innovation, system innovation and practice innovation.

　　Xinhuanet Thinker: What is the significance of developing people’s democracy in the whole process for promoting Chinese modernization?

　　Song Xiongwei:Modernization is not an isolated development process of a certain field of society, but an overall change process including social economy, politics, culture, society, ecological civilization and other fields, among which there is a relationship of interdependence, mutual adaptation and mutual promotion among all fields. Without high-quality democratic politics, there will be no socialist modernization power.

Contact point of grassroots legislation in Dexi Street, Bijie Municipal People’s Congress Standing Committee, Guizhou Province (photo taken on March 21, 2023). Xinhua News Agency photo, provided by Bijie Municipal People’s Congress Standing Committee.

　　People first is the fundamental value of Chinese modernization. To promote and expand Chinese-style modernization, we must uphold the people’s dominant position and effectively ensure that the people are masters of their own affairs. The whole process of people’s democracy has provided a strong guarantee for our people to be masters of their own affairs with complete institutional procedures and complete participation in practice, and provided a solid support for the achievements of modernization to benefit all the people more and more fairly. Developing people’s democracy in the whole process means supporting and guaranteeing the people to be masters of their own affairs, enabling all people to exercise state power through democratic systems in various fields and democratic channels at all levels, making all aspects of the country’s political and social life reflect the people’s wishes and hear their voices, making modernization better respond to people’s demands and needs, and realizing people’s yearning for a better life.

　　Therefore, to build a socialist modern power in an all-round way, we must build high-quality socialist democratic politics. Only high-quality socialist democratic politics can provide institutional support and value guidance for building a socialist modern power in an all-round way.

　　Xinhuanet Thinker: How to understand the effective protection of people’s democracy in the whole process with the institutional system?

　　Song Xiongwei:To guarantee and develop people’s democracy in the whole process with the institutional system, we must unswervingly adhere to and keep pace with the times to improve China’s fundamental political system, basic political system and important political system, further improve the institutionalization, standardization and procedural level of people’s democracy in the whole process, better transform institutional advantages into governance efficiency, and comprehensively promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity.

　　The people’s congress system is the fundamental political system of our country. China’s Constitution stipulates that all power in People’s Republic of China (PRC) belongs to the people; The organs where the people exercise state power are the National People’s Congress and local people’s congresses at various levels. The people’s congress system is a fundamental political system arrangement that adheres to the organic unity of the party’s leadership, the people being the masters of the country and governing the country according to law, and ensures that the party leads the people to effectively govern the country according to law.

　　The system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation led by the Communist Party of China (CPC) is the basic political system of our country, a great political creation of the people of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and China, democratic parties and personages without party affiliation, and a new political party system growing from the soil of China. The system of regional ethnic autonomy is China’s basic political system, an important content and institutional guarantee of the correct way to solve ethnic problems with China characteristics, and plays an important role in safeguarding the unity and territorial integrity of the motherland, strengthening ethnic equality and unity, promoting the development of ethnic areas, enhancing the cohesion of the Chinese nation, and casting a solid sense of the Chinese nation community. Grass-roots mass autonomy system is the basic political system of our country. Under the leadership of the Party, the people’s self-management, self-service, self-education and self-supervision in urban and rural community governance, grass-roots public affairs and public welfare undertakings have directly exercised their democratic rights according to law, which has become an important embodiment of people’s democracy in the whole process.

　　China’s important political systems mainly include the electoral system, the special administrative region system, the legislative system, and the organization system of state institutions, which are derived from the fundamental political system and the basic political system.

　　Practice has fully proved that the whole process of people’s democratic system can effectively guarantee people to enjoy broader and more substantial rights and freedoms and ensure people’s extensive participation in state governance and social governance; It can effectively regulate national political relations, develop dynamic political party relations, ethnic relations, religious relations, class relations and compatriots at home and abroad, enhance national cohesion, and form a stable and United political situation; Can concentrate on doing great things, effectively promote the liberation and development of social productive forces, promote the cause of modernization, and promote the continuous improvement of people’s quality of life and level; It can effectively safeguard national independence, vigorously safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests, and safeguard the well-being of the people of China and the Chinese nation.

　　Xinhuanet Thinker: How to understand the organic unity of the party’s leadership, the people being the masters of the country and governing the country according to law?

　　Song Xiongwei:First of all, the leadership of the Party is the fundamental guarantee for the people to be masters of the country and to govern the country according to law. Being masters of the country is the essential feature of socialist democratic politics, and governing the country according to law is the basic way for the party to lead the people to govern the country. The three are unified in the great practice of socialist democratic politics in China. In the political life of our country, the Party is in a leading position. Without the strong leadership of the party, it is impossible to mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the broad masses of the people, and it is impossible to form a unified will. Not only is it impossible to develop socialist democracy, but it is bound to be a fragmented and even turbulent situation.

　　Second, the people are the masters of the country, which is the essential feature of socialist democracy. In China, the people are the masters of the country, which is reflected in all aspects of the country’s political, economic and social life, and is implemented in various institutional arrangements such as the people’s congress system, the multi-party cooperation and political consultation system led by the Communist Party of China (CPC), the regional ethnic autonomy system, and the grass-roots mass autonomy system. Governing the country according to law is the basic way for the party to lead the people to govern the country.

　　Third, the essence of governing the country according to law is to govern the country and manage social affairs in accordance with the Constitution and laws. Under the leadership of the Party, the people formulate the Constitution and laws through the National People’s Congress, the highest organ of state power, and use them to govern the country and manage social affairs, so as to ensure the realization of the people’s democratic right to be masters of their own affairs.

On June 19th, 2020, the residents’ representatives of Yonglian Village, Zhangjiagang City, Jiangsu Province made a democratic agreement on community environmental improvement in the village chamber. Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Lei photo

　　Xinhuanet Thinker: The "Decision" of the Third Plenary Session proposed to improve the working mechanism of absorbing public opinion and pooling people’s wisdom. For the grassroots, what can be done to promote the masses to better express public opinion and democracy?

　　Song Xiongwei:The more extensive the people’s democratic participation practice is, the more fully their wishes are expressed, and the more real the realization of people being masters of their own affairs will be. It is necessary to further improve the platform and carrier of democratic public opinion expression of the National People’s Congress and ensure that all work of the National People’s Congress is based on solid public opinion. Give full play to the role of deputies to the National People’s Congress, support and guarantee deputies to the National People’s Congress to perform their duties according to law, and improve the working methods such as discussion, demonstration, consultation, hearing and earnest talk. Coordinate and promote political party consultation, people’s congress consultation, government consultation, CPPCC consultation, people’s organizations consultation, grassroots consultation and social organization consultation, improve various institutionalized consultation platforms, further improve proposals, meetings, publicity, consultation, internet and other democratic consultation methods to broaden the channels for reflecting social conditions and public opinion, and promote the institutionalized development of deliberative democracy. Fully understand the interests and true wishes of the people.

　　Improve the system and work system of direct democracy at the grass-roots level, and enhance the effectiveness of self-management, self-service, self-education and self-supervision of the masses in urban and rural communities. We will improve the system of openness in handling affairs, broaden the channels for grassroots groups to participate in grassroots governance in an orderly manner, and ensure that people manage grassroots public affairs and public welfare undertakings according to law. We should explore the system of soliciting people’s suggestions, voting system for deputies to people’s livelihood projects, and meeting system for street deputies, so that the whole process of people’s democracy can show more vigor and vitality on the land of China.

Original rehabilitation magazine

There are hundreds of millions of microorganisms living in our mouth, with nearly 800 species, which together constitute the oral microflora. Like the intestinal flora, the oral microflora is also very diverse. Most of them are resident bacteria that coexist with human beings for a long time. They are generally harmless and even beneficial to human bodies, and they are "good friends" of our bodies. Under normal circumstances, the resident microorganisms in the oral cavity form a stable ecological balance, and once the ecological balance is broken, "good friends" will also become "bad molecules", which will spread to other parts of the body through blood, digestion and breathing, causing or aggravating various serious diseases.

The first type: cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

The oral cavity is connected with the outside world, which is the gateway for all kinds of microorganisms to enter the body. Streptococcus mutans in oral cavity and Porphyromonas gingivalis are the "culprits" of dental caries and periodontal disease respectively. Periodontal disease not only leads to tooth loosening and falling off, but also is closely related to life-threatening cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Scientists have detected common microorganisms in the oral cavity in atherosclerotic plaques of such patients, among which Porphyromonas gingivalis has the largest number, and the more serious periodontal disease is, the larger the plaque area is.

Periodontal bacteria and their harmful metabolites can enter the blood through the broken gums, causing damage to blood vessels, aggravating atherosclerosis and further increasing the risk of stroke and myocardial infarction. Studies have confirmed that the symptoms of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have also been alleviated after periodontal treatment.

The second type: diabetes

There is a strong two-way relationship between type 2 diabetes and periodontal disease. The increase of inflammatory factors in patients with severe periodontitis interferes with the role of insulin as a "porter" of blood sugar, leading to excess sugar in the blood and causing blood sugar fluctuation, so the risk of developing diabetes in patients with periodontitis is 2~3 times that of normal people.

However, diabetic patients often have dry mouth, and their oral self-cleaning ability decreases, making it easier for germs to breed and multiply; At the same time, the resistance and healing power of gums are weak, and the rising blood sugar will provide more "nutrients" for oral bacteria, which will lead to more serious inflammation. This interaction has formed a vicious circle. Studies have pointed out that perfect periodontal treatment can reduce glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose and improve patients’ systemic symptoms.

The third kind: autoimmune diseases.

Autoimmune diseases are a kind of diseases that attack human tissues or organs due to abnormal immune system. They are all serious chronic diseases. Inflammation is the common feature of these diseases, and infection caused by oral pathogenic microorganisms is one of the important causes of autoimmune diseases. For example, Porphyromonas gingivalis is related to the occurrence and development of rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and systemic lupus erythematosus. Candida albicans is closely related to Sjogren’s syndrome.

Imagine that if the "bad molecules" in the mouth are very active, the immune system will always be in a state of "high alert", and inflammation in the body will persist, which will lead to systemic symptoms in the long run. If you have a related disease, but the condition is not controlled as expected, you may have to pay attention to whether the flora in your mouth is disordered.

The fourth kind: digestive system diseases.

The oral cavity is the initial part of the digestive tract, and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) in the oral cavity is also related to the occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases. Oral cavity may become the repository of Hp, increasing the risk of infection, and then causing gastritis, gastric ulcer and other diseases; Hp was also found to be related to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

Fifth: Alzheimer’s disease.

Alzheimer’s disease, commonly known as "Alzheimer’s disease". With the decline of immunity, the decrease of saliva and the need to wear dentures in the elderly, the oral microecology is prone to disorder, which is characterized by the increase of periodontal bacteria and the higher number of fungi than young people.

Periodontal pathogens and their toxic products can invade the brain through blood circulation and neural pathways, colonize in the brain, release toxic substances to cause neuronal apoptosis, and accelerate the progress of Alzheimer’s disease; Fungal infection can not only cause oral mucosal lesions, but also destroy the blood-brain barrier of the elderly and damage the central nervous system. In addition, herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus, which are common in oral cavity, have also been found to be related to cognitive and memory disorders.

Sixth: respiratory diseases

As the front entrance of respiratory tract, the microbial status of oral cavity directly affects the health of respiratory system. Bacteria and secretions in the mouth may be inhaled into the respiratory tract, blocking the smaller bronchi and increasing the risk of pneumonia and bronchitis, especially for the elderly and immunocompromised people. Studies have shown that people with poor oral hygiene are about 30% more likely to suffer from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) than those with healthy oral hygiene.

Seventh: pregnancy complications

Oral health has an important impact on pregnancy and newborn health. During pregnancy, due to the rapid changes in hormone levels, pregnant women’s gums are more prone to swelling and inflammation, and 60%~70% of pregnant women worldwide suffer from pregnancy gingivitis. Poor oral health may also increase the risk of complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia.

At the same time, pregnant women with severe periodontitis, their periodontal pathogens can break through the gums and directly act on the placenta and uterine cavity with blood, stimulating uterine contraction, resulting in premature delivery and low birth weight, which is 7.5 times higher than that of healthy pregnant women, which is greater than the impact of smoking and drinking on the fetus.

Eighth: cancer

Oral microorganisms are closely related to the occurrence and development of various tumors. At present, it is known that the imbalance of oral flora, candida albicans, human papillomavirus infection and other factors will promote the course of oral squamous cell carcinoma, and many typical oral "bad molecules" will become "accomplices" of cancer, especially digestive system tumors, such as Fossetta and Porphyromonas gingivalis, which are related to esophageal cancer. Fusobacterium nucleatum can enhance the viability of cancer cells and can grow in colorectal cancer. If it exists, the survival rate and prognosis of colorectal cancer patients are poor.

Link: Tips for maintaining oral health

Oral cavity is the starting point and gateway of human defense, and it is very important to maintain the ecological balance of oral microflora. Only with a good mouth can you be healthy. Let the "good friends" in the mouth guard the first line of defense of health for us.

1. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush, brush your teeth at least twice a day for 3 minutes each time, and use dental floss and a tooth washer to clean every tooth surface and gap. It is more important to brush your teeth before going to bed at night. Patients with removable dentures, fixed dentures and dental implants need to be cleaned more carefully because dentures are easy to hide evil people and shelter evil people.

2. Pap brushing method is used for permanent teeth, and circular arc method can be used for deciduous teeth. On the basis of children’s insistence on brushing their teeth, parents should also help and supervise their children to brush their teeth.

3. Eat more foods rich in protein, minerals and vitamins, eat less high-sugar foods and rinse your mouth after eating. The mouthwash containing bactericide will lead to microbial imbalance, so it needs to be used according to the doctor’s advice.

4. Avoid smoking and drinking, use less antibiotics, develop good habits of work and rest and defecation, and stay up late less to prevent disturbing the flora.

5. Conduct oral examination once every six months to find and actively treat oral diseases as soon as possible; Wash your teeth regularly and give them a thorough cleaning.

Wen | Xiang Meijuan Attending Physician of Stomatology, Shanghai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Guiding Expert | Xuan Jing, Chief Physician of Stomatology, Shanghai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Editor | Wang Jingming

Figure | pexels

Audit | Ye Haixia

Producer | Li Wenjing

Medical Support | Shanghai Medical Association Science Popularization Branch

Original title: "Bacteria in the mouth are quietly" detonating "these 8 diseases"

Read the original text

Welcome to car home Baoding Special Promotion Channel, which brings you an exciting news today. We have learned that the high-profileBenteng ponyThe model is carrying out an unprecedented preferential activity in this area. The highest discount rate reached an astonishing 0.5 million yuan, which brought tangible car purchase benefits to consumers. The starting price has been adjusted to an attractive 19,900 yuan. This is an opportunity not to be missed to buy a car. If you are interested in Pentium Pony, please click the "Check Car Price" button in the quotation form to get a higher level of discount!

The exterior design of Pentium Pony is full of dynamic and vitality. The front face adopts a family-style sharp design, and the air intake grille is exquisite and recognizable. With the streamlined body lines, the overall style presents a perfect fusion of fashion and sports. Its unique body shape not only shows a sense of strength, but also reveals the pursuit of future technology, which makes people unforgettable.

Pentium pony shows its unique side charm with its exquisite body proportion. It has a body length of 3000mm, a width of 1510mm and a height of 1630mm, creating a stable body posture. The wheelbase is as long as 1953mm, which makes the front and rear wheel tracks 1290mm, ensuring excellent handling and stability. In tyre size, it uses 145/70 R12 tires, and the front and rear wheels are consistent. With exquisite rim design, it not only enhances the visual effect, but also ensures the comfort and grip during driving. On the whole, the side design of Pentium pony is not only practical, but also reveals a strong sports atmosphere.

The interior design of Pentium pony is simple and practical, paying attention to details. The steering wheel is made of plastic material with good texture, which is comfortable to hold and incorporates humanized design elements. The center console is equipped with an intuitive and easy-to-operate multimedia system, and the USB/Type-C interface is located in the front row, which is convenient for drivers and passengers to charge or connect devices at any time. The seat is made of fabric, which is soft and durable, and provides the functions of front and back adjustment to meet the individual needs of passengers. The rear seats support the proportional tilting, which further enhances the space flexibility and provides convenience for daily travel and loading. The overall interior design gives consideration to comfort and functionality, creating a warm interior environment for drivers and passengers.

Pentium pony is equipped with an engine with relatively stable power performance, with a maximum power of 20 kW and a torque output of 85 Nm. Although the parameters are relatively basic, they are enough to meet the daily driving needs, providing stable power output and good fuel economy.

Generally speaking, car home car owners expressed their unique and appreciative attitude towards the exterior design of Pentium pony. He emphasized the personalized appearance elements of the vehicle, especially the headlights on both sides and the shape of the rear window, which added unique charm to the Pentium pony. Although the appearance may not satisfy everyone’s aesthetics, Pentium pony is undoubtedly a successful attempt for those car owners who seek individuality and recognition. This evaluation undoubtedly provides a reference for those consumers who have a sense of design, making Pentium pony more attractive in the market.

　　Cctv news(News Network): During the rainy season, all parts of the country should seize the opportunity to prepare for the spring ploughing, lay a solid foundation for the bumper harvest of summer grain, and strive to increase the area of spring sowing only.

　　The latest agricultural situation scheduling shows that most of the winter wheat in the northwest and Huanghuaihai wheat areas is in the wintering period, and it is expected to turn green in late February. Hebei, which is located in the Huanghuaihai wheat area, has set up a leading group to promote grain production, and has refined the task of transforming and upgrading the situation of wheat seedlings in the province from township to village to plot.

　　At present, winter wheat in the southwest wheat area has got up and started jointing. Chongqing launched a plan to improve grain yield in a timely manner, organized 19 agricultural technology guidance groups, and carried out the "spring ploughing service for 100 days" action.

　　Winter wheat in Jianghuai wheat area has turned green. Anhui province has advanced the field management in spring this year by one week, focusing on promoting supporting high-yield techniques.

　　From this year, the central government began to implement the assessment of food safety with the same responsibility of the party and government, and refined the assessment indicators such as grain area and yield in the main grain producing areas, production and marketing balance areas and main sales areas. This year, the area of winter wheat in China has stabilized at more than 330 million mu, and the main producing areas are trying their best to increase the yield of wheat per unit area.

　　In order to ensure the supply of primary products, this year, all localities have actually adjusted their structures and expanded the cultivation of soybeans and oilseeds.

　　In the main producing areas in Northeast China, Heilongjiang will expand soybean planting by more than 10 million mu. At present, the soybean planting area has been decomposed into cities, counties and townships.

　　One by one, it has laid a solid foundation for national food security.

Screenshot of official website of Chongqing Economic Information Committee.

In order to promote the steady growth of the automobile industry, the Chongqing Municipal Economic Information Commission and the Municipal Finance Bureau recently jointly issued the Notice on Relevant Matters of Municipal Financial Incentive Funds for Policies and Measures to Promote the Steady Growth of the Automobile Industry in Chongqing, which will reward or subsidize vehicle research and development, bus passenger transport operation, charging infrastructure construction and other aspects, among which the research and development of new cars can receive a maximum reward of 5 million yuan. The application time is before January 31, 2023.

New Energy Passenger Car R&D Award

In 2022, the annual production, sales and cruising range of new energy passenger cars will meet the following requirements: a new model with a guide price of less than (including) 150,000 yuan, with an annual production and sales of 10,000 and 50,000 vehicles and a cruising range of 200 kilometers; For brand-new models with a guide price higher than (excluding) 150,000 yuan and lower than 300,000 yuan (excluding), the annual production and sales volume exceeds 10,000 vehicles and the cruising range reaches 500 kilometers; For brand-new models with a guide price higher than or including 300,000 yuan, the annual production and sales volume exceeds 0.5 million vehicles and the cruising range reaches 600 kilometers.

The city’s new energy vehicle manufacturers can declare and submit the main technical data of the vehicle development process of the new platform model of new energy passenger cars independently developed by the enterprises; Proof that the product is listed in the National Catalogue of Recommended Vehicles for Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles; Proof of vehicle output and terminal sales.

Vehicle export R&D reward

In 2022, it won the vehicle certification of the export target country, and the annual export volume of single-model passenger cars reached 1000, and the annual export volume of single-model commercial vehicles reached 500.

Vehicle manufacturing enterprises in the city can declare, and they need to submit vehicle export certification materials; Vehicle certification documents of export target countries.

New energy vehicle announcement detection reward

In 2022, it was tested by the national motor vehicle testing institution in the city and obtained the national road motor vehicle announcement.

The new energy vehicle production enterprises in the city can declare and need to submit a copy of the inspection fee invoice; Copy of test report; Proof that the product is listed in the National Catalogue of Recommended Vehicles for Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles.

Public domain, bus passenger transport, urban sanitation vehicles, port operation vehicles operating incentives

In 2022, new energy vehicles produced in the city will be added or updated by vehicle operating enterprises in public areas such as cruise rental, online rental, official travel, driving test (driving training), urban logistics, bus passenger transport, urban sanitation vehicles and port operation vehicles, and the vehicles have been connected to the monitoring platform of new energy vehicles and charging infrastructure in Chongqing.

The city’s new energy vehicle production enterprises shall submit an application for Chongqing’s new energy vehicle operation award on their behalf; A copy of the business license of the vehicle operating enterprise; Copy of terminal invoice, vehicle operation license and motor vehicle driving license (company household); Proof that the product is listed in the National Catalogue of Recommended Vehicles for Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles.

Operating reward for changing power station

In 2022, enterprises that have built and put into operation 30 or more public power stations in the whole city, the average monthly power exchange times of a single station will reach 5000 or more.

A power station operation enterprise with independent legal personality can declare, and it is required to submit an application form for Chongqing power station operation award; A copy of the business license of the power station operating enterprise; Proof materials related to the number of power stations built and the number of power exchanges at a single station.

R&D Award for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Commercial Vehicles

In 2022, the annual production and sales volume will reach the new models of hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicles required by Chongqing Municipality’s Policies and Measures for Promoting the Steady Growth of Automobile Industry: for the new models with medium-sized and above power system power of not less than 70 kW, the annual production and sales volume will reach 30 vehicles and 50 vehicles, respectively, and a one-time R&D reward of 3 million yuan and 5 million yuan will be given, and the annual reward fund of a single enterprise will not exceed 10 million yuan.

The whole vehicle enterprises of hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicles in the city can declare and submit the main technical data of the whole vehicle development process of new models of hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicles; Proof that the product is listed in the National Catalogue of Recommended Vehicles for Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles; Proof materials related to vehicle output and terminal sales.

Insurance premium subsidy

In 2022, the new energy cruise taxis added or updated in the central city exceeded the insurance cost of traditional cruise taxis.

The new energy vehicle production enterprises in the city shall submit the application for Chongqing new energy cruise taxi insurance subsidy on their behalf; Copy of the business license of the vehicle operation enterprise, terminal invoice, vehicle operation certificate, motor vehicle driving license (the owner is consistent with the vehicle operation certificate), and copy of the insurance expense invoice; Evidence of the average insurance cost of traditional taxi models of operating units in 2022.

Vehicle sales loan subsidy

During the period from July 28 to December 31, 2022, vehicles sold and licensed in the city, and combined with dealers and financial institutions to give consumers comprehensive promotional offers such as vehicle purchase tax subsidies, traffic insurance gifts, financial interest subsidies, and sold by loans.

Vehicle manufacturing enterprises in the city can declare and submit an application for vehicle sales loan subsidy in Chongqing; Copy of terminal invoice, motor vehicle driving license and vehicle loan contract; Relevant certificates that joint dealers and financial institutions give consumers vehicle purchase tax subsidies, compulsory insurance gifts, financial discount and other comprehensive promotional offers.

In addition, the subsidies for the construction of charging infrastructure and power station replacement shall be implemented in accordance with the Notice on Reporting the Municipal Financial Subsidies for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles in 2016-2019 and the Subsidies for the Construction of Charging and Power Replacement Infrastructure in 2021-2022.

It should be noted that eligible applicants should submit relevant materials before January 31, 2023, and will not be accepted after the deadline. The applicant shall submit the paper and electronic documents of the application materials to the government service hall of the Municipal Economic Information Commission before the deadline.

Detailed application information and award information can be found in official website, Chongqing Economic Information Committee, and searched for the Notice on Relevant Matters of Municipal Financial Incentive Funds for Policies and Measures to Promote the Steady Growth of Automobile Industry in Chongqing and the Notice on Printing and Distributing Policies and Measures to Promote the Steady Growth of Automobile Industry in Chongqing.

On May 18th, the 338th press conference on COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control was held. Xu Hejian, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of Beijing Municipal Committee, said that there are several cluster epidemics in Beijing, and sporadic cases are still found in the society. The situation of prevention and control in the capital is still severe and complicated, and there is no room for hesitation and slack. We must strengthen our confidence, strictly guard against death, quickly and strictly implement various prevention and control deployment requirements, unswervingly push forward the social dynamic clearing action, and resolutely win this epidemic prevention and control annihilation war.

The meeting emphasized that Yuegezhuang wholesale market in Fengtai District is the top priority of the current epidemic situation. It is necessary to quickly carry out the traceability of the flow, dig deep into the risk points and personnel, comprehensively find out the market merchants and employees, as well as the number of people visiting, delivering and purchasing, and control them at the first time. For the promotion and control of Fengtai District, it is not necessary for the whole district to stay out of the district, implement home office, manage and strictly control the real sealed (managed) control area, with sufficient strength and detailed work to prevent the epidemic from spilling over.