标签： 广州阡陌同城

　　BEIJING, April 5 (Xinhua)-After the United States announced the list of suggestions for imposing tariffs on products based on the 301 investigation in China, China countered on April 4 and announced that it planned to impose tariffs on American soybeans, automobiles, chemicals, airplanes and other commodities. At the same time, sue the WTO for the US tax proposal.

　　On April 4th, the State Council Press Office held a briefing in Beijing. Vice Minister of Finance Zhu Guangyao and Vice Minister of Commerce Wang Shouwen introduced the Sino-US trade and answered questions from reporters. China News Service reporter Zhang Qin photo

　　What are the considerations for including soybeans in the Chinese list? Is it possible for the two sides to negotiate to resolve the friction? Can China afford to fight and win? Will China reduce its holdings of US Treasury bonds to fight back? At the briefing held by the State Council on the 4th, officials from the Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Finance of China responded to some key issues of concern to the outside world.

　　China announces measures to counter the list of tariffs that the United States intends to impose on Chinese goods.

　　On the 3rd local time in the United States, a list of suggestions for imposing tariffs on China was released, which will impose a 25% tariff on 1,333 US$ 50 billion goods exported from China to the United States, involving aerospace, communications, medicine, machinery and other fields.

　　In this regard, China quickly announced reciprocal trade countermeasures on the afternoon of the 4th, which will impose additional tariff measures on imported goods such as soybeans, automobiles, chemicals and airplanes originating in the United States, with a tax rate of 25%, involving China’s imports from the United States of about 50 billion US dollars in 2017.

　　On the same day, China also filed a consultation request under the WTO dispute settlement mechanism on the taxation proposal under the US 301 investigation against China, and officially started the WTO dispute settlement procedure.

　　On March 22, 2018, US President Trump signed a presidential memorandum in Washington, D.C., according to the results of the "301 investigation", large-scale tariffs will be imposed on goods imported from China, and China enterprises will be restricted from investing in the United States for mergers and acquisitions.

　　Is there any possibility of further negotiation between the two sides?

　　— — Fight, accompany to the end; Talk, the door is open.

　　"China’s approach is forced and restrained." Wang Shouwen, Vice Minister of Commerce, said that China is unwilling to fight a "trade war" because there is no winner in the "trade war". But they are not afraid of a "trade war". If someone insists on a "trade war", China will accompany them to the end.

　　Wang Shouwen said: China’s consistent position is that the door to solving problems through negotiation and consultation is always open. If the US side is willing to talk, China is willing to hold consultations on the basis of equal consultation and mutual respect to resolve differences. So to put it simply, if someone insists on fighting, China will fight to the end, and if someone is willing to talk, the door is open.

　　What are the considerations for including soybeans in the Chinese list?

　　— — The table of contents and related order are well founded.

　　"China was forced to put forward the relevant product catalogue as a counter-action, and this catalogue and related order are based." Zhu Guangyao, Vice Minister of Finance, said that US soybean exports to China accounted for 62% of all US soybean exports. In 2017, US soybean exports to China were 32.854 million tons, accounting for 34.39% of China’s total imports. The export volume was too large, and farmers who planted soybeans in China made demands to relevant associations.

　　"U.S. government subsidies have affected the interests of soybean farmers in China. The China government should respect the demands of farmers in China and the policy demands of the China Soybean Association. So in this respect, soybeans are used as an option for this counter-measure. " Zhu Guangyao said: at present, none of these product catalogues have come into effect. Both sides have put the issues on the table. Now it is time for negotiation and cooperation. The premise of negotiation and cooperation is mutual respect, rather than imposing conditions on the other side.

　　Can China afford to fight and win?

　　— — China will not yield to any external pressure.

　　Zhu Guangyao said, despite repeated communication between the two sides, China must take actions to defend China’s own interests when the US still insists on its own way and issues a high tariff list of $50 billion. I hope that both sides can treat each other honestly and respect each other, and negotiate on the principle of win-win cooperation.

　　Zhu Guangyao stressed that if the United States continues to go its own way, China has never given in to external pressure since the founding of New China. This is the history of the development of New China and the struggle of Chinese people, and China will not give in to any external pressure.

　　This "trade war" between China and the United States was initiated by China?

　　— — False news The US accusation is groundless.

　　Some media said that the "trade war" between China and the United States was provoked by China, because China took such actions as compulsory technology transfer, which was unfavorable to intellectual property protection.

　　"That’s fake news!" Wang Shouwen said that in the "301" investigation report, the United States accused China of "compulsory technology transfer", which was unfounded. There is no law in China that requires foreign enterprises to transfer their technology to China partners, and there is no law to make such a requirement.

　　Wang Shouwen emphasized that China’s protection of intellectual property rights is very firm and has made great achievements. It is totally unacceptable for China to take discriminatory measures against China that violate its WTO commitments and its domestic laws just because of some unwarranted reports, accusations and complaints from individual enterprises. Who is the initiator of the "trade war" is self-evident.

　　In the past year, the RMB has continued to appreciate. On March 28th, the central parity of RMB against the US dollar hit a new high in 2015. Li Jinlei photo

　　Will China reduce its holdings of US Treasury bonds to fight back?

　　— — China is a responsible investor in the international capital market

　　Zhu Guangyao said that China does have more than $3 trillion in foreign exchange reserves, which are the property of the people. The operation principle of China’s foreign exchange reserves is firstly safety, secondly liquidity and thirdly moderate profitability.

　　"China is a responsible investor in international capital market." Zhu Guangyao emphasized that China operates its foreign exchange reserves through market operation in accordance with market rules, specific market principles and diversified principles.

　　What do you think of the US demand for China to reduce its surplus by $100 billion?

　　— — It is unacceptable and impossible to reduce the surplus, which requires the efforts of both sides.

　　"It is absolutely unacceptable for China to reduce the surplus of $100 billion," Wang Shouwen said. First of all, it is impossible. The trade surplus and deficit are determined by market forces and the overall economic policy and structure of the United States, and China alone cannot reduce the surplus.

　　Wang Shouwen said that it is unacceptable because reducing the surplus requires the efforts of both sides, and it is not just one company that can reduce the surplus. It is hoped that the US can relax the export control of high-tech products to China and increase the domestic savings rate. It is also hoped that the US can actively respond to some measures taken by the China administration to expand imports.

　　He stressed that only through the joint efforts of both sides can the trade surplus or deficit be gradually eased, and it is not feasible to determine any absolute figure, artificial government intervention, in practice or in theory.

　　Will trade friction affect China’s GDP growth target?

　　— — China’s economy has maintained steady growth in recent years.

　　Zhu Guangyao said that China’s economy has maintained steady growth in recent years. The International Monetary Fund has continuously raised the economic growth rate of China, and predicted that the economic growth of China will be 6.6% in 2018, which is higher than the 6.5% development target of China predicted in the Government Work Report.

　　Zhu Guangyao said that China does not want a "trade war" between China and the United States, but it is now threatened by serious trade friction. Both sides should calm down, explore new paths on the premise of mutual respect, and gradually realize the change of trade imbalance in the process of cooperation. (End)

CCTV News:During the Spring Festival in the Year of the Loong, affected by multiple factors such as returning home and visiting relatives, the popularity of family travel is obvious, and the tourism market in many places across the country has made a good start.

Since the second day of the Lunar New Year, the number of people traveling abroad has increased significantly. In Suzhou, solve riddles on the lanterns, watching dragon dances and visiting the market, a series of Spring Festival garden activities full of annual flavor have made the Xiangshan scenic spot here full of tourists, and the daily average number of tourists is nearly three times that of the same period last year. In the humble administrator’s garden, a traditional garden attraction, colorful lights are hung high and flowers of all colors are placed in traditional buildings, and the number of visitors to the park reaches 30 thousand every day.

According to statistics, two days before the Spring Festival holiday, 634 A-level tourist attractions and 195 key rural tourist villages above the provincial level in Jiangsu Province received more than 12.27 million tourists, and the total consumption of tourists reached 5.2 billion yuan. In Jiangxi, the province’s 5A-level scenic spots and key 4A-level scenic spots received 984,000 tourists, an increase of 82% over the same period last year. Xi’ an, which just boarded the hot search with the Spring Festival Evening, has experienced a surge in tourism popularity. The travel orders for the Spring Festival holiday increased by 317% year-on-year, and the ticket orders increased by 480% year-on-year. The passenger flow of 952 scenic spots included in big data monitoring in Hunan Province reached 1,583,400. Eleven parks in Beijing, such as Tiantan, Beihai and Jingshan, received a total of 547,600 tourists on the third day of the New Year, an increase of 127.13% over last year.

During the Spring Festival, it is a new trend to experience the national tide. By holding traditional folk custom activities such as characteristic folk custom experience, non-legacy cultural performances, temple fairs and lantern festivals combined with trend culture, scenic spots around the country have rendered the atmosphere of the New Year with new scenes and new ways of playing, which has driven the comprehensive consumption growth of hotels, restaurants and so on.

This Spring Festival, the ice and snow tourism in the north of Lanxi, Heilongjiang Province continues to be hot, and the south of Sanya, Hainan Province has also become the choice of many tourists.

Up to now, tickets for the Palace Museum, National Museum, Guangdong Provincial Museum, Suzhou Museum, Sanxingdui Museum, Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou and other scenic spots have been sold out or the number of people is full. It is recommended to visit in the wrong peak and area, and some scenic spots have taken current restriction measures.

Shenyang, Liaoning: the cultural tourism market welcomes the Year of the Loong to make a good start

At the beginning of the Year of the Loong, the travel market in Shenyang, Liaoning Province got off to a good start. In the first three days of the Spring Festival holiday, the cumulative reception of domestic tourists in Shenyang increased by 106.24% year-on-year, and the domestic tourism revenue increased by 218.03%. The number of tourists in popular scenic spots such as Shenyang Palace Museum has soared, and ice and snow sports have been sought after by everyone.

During the Spring Festival, the dragon dance performance organized by Shenyang Forbidden City attracted many tourists. In order to make it easier for everyone to visit and tour, Shenyang Forbidden City opened in advance and closed later according to the passenger flow during the festival. In Baiqingzhai Ski Resort of Shenyang Institute of Physical Education, the snowy roads are crowded, and many southern tourists come here to experience the ice and snow sports.

In addition, all kinds of authentic Northeast cultural tourism projects have become the first choice for many tourists.

Many scenic spots usher in the peak of passenger flow

During the Spring Festival holiday, the Jiuhua Mountain Scenic Area in Anhui and the Mausoleum Museum of the First Qin Emperor in Shaanxi ushered in the peak of passenger flow.

In the early morning of the 12th, Jiuhua Mountain welcomed a large number of self-driving tourists. On the S228 provincial road entering the scenic spot, the traffic flow stretches for several kilometers. By 12 noon that day, there were more than 14,400 self-driving vehicles.

In order to cope with the continuous surge in traffic volume, Jiuhua Mountain opened five fixed parking lots and Jiuhua Avenue temporary parking lot at the same time, and the traffic police department implemented diversion control measures on the roads outside the scenic spot. Nearly 100 volunteers provide tourists with warm services such as tour guidance, ride guidance and order maintenance. Three days before the Spring Festival, Jiuhua Mountain received a total of 180,400 tourists.

In Shaanxi, in order to ensure tourists’ safe and orderly visit, the Mausoleum Museum of the First Qin Emperor implements time-sharing reservation and off-peak visit. Visitors who plan to visit can pay attention to the museum’s official ticketing website, WeChat WeChat official account and other online booking tickets. According to the needs of holiday reception, the check-in time of the museum from February 12 (the third day) to February 15 (the sixth day) is adjusted to 8: 00 am to 5: 00 pm.

　　Recently, the state issued 1.7 trillion central discount loans, of which 200 billion flowed into the renewal of medical equipment, which sounded the "assembly number" of the new infrastructure of medical equipment. This has also injected a "shot in the arm" into the medical device industry in the deep collection vortex.

　　After the good news was released, the A-share medical device sector rose sharply in recent days, with UIH Medical (688,271), Kaikai Medical (300,633), Mindray Medical (300,760), Candeley (603,987) and Xinmai Medical (688,016) leading the gains.

　　Solve the financing problem of hospital equipment procurement

　　Feng Jian, the head of a private hospital group in Zhejiang, told the First Financial Reporter that a local hospital under the group just happened to purchase medical equipment when the discount loan policy was issued, and soon received a phone call from the local bank and offered discount loans.

　　"Because it is precisely to purchase these equipment, the benefits of exempting interest are immediate." Feng Jian told the First Financial Reporter, "For private hospitals that are still in a difficult period of operation, purchasing large-scale medical equipment is a big investment in infrastructure costs, and it is still of great significance to get the actual capital cost concessions."

　　Li Bing, an investor in a private hospital in Shandong, told the First Financial Reporter that the loan interest rate within the support period of refinancing and financial discount policy (3 years) is not higher than 3.2% and not lower than 2.5% (financial discount level). If a hospital buys 20 million yuan of equipment, it will save 500,000 to 700,000 yuan in interest each year and 1 million to 1.5 million yuan in two years.

　　"The direct benefit of the hospital purchasing equipment is to increase the competitiveness of the hospital. If the loan allows, there are still hospitals willing to purchase equipment, and our hospital will declare it. However, if some hospitals are in poor operating conditions, such as high debt ratio, and banks do not approve them, that is another matter. " Li Bing told the First Financial Reporter.

　　He also reminded that the original intention of the discount loan policy is good, which can promote hospitals to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment, but for hospitals, they should also do what they can, especially private hospitals. "This policy provides a space for the hospital to operate. After all, it can get actual financial support. As a hospital, it should make full use of this policy. After all, it is necessary to increase investment and debt when purchasing equipment, and the money still needs to be paid back." Li Bing told the First Financial Reporter.

　　Yi Zhu, executive director of Sullivan’s Greater China Medical Group, told the First Financial Reporter: "2022 is a difficult year for the real economy, and the situation of financing difficulties has intensified. It is urgent to introduce the discount loan policy to alleviate the problem of financing difficulties and expensive financing for enterprises."

　　Yi Zhu believes that hospitals are an important part of social services and will be one of the beneficiaries of this policy. In addition to private hospitals, public hospitals also benefit obviously, because the funding channels of public hospitals are relatively simple, mainly relying on financial subsidies and loans. This policy can effectively solve the problem of insufficient funds in the development of hospitals, reduce the capital cost of hospitals, and promote the upgrading of hospital equipment to better serve the majority of patients.

　　"Large-scale tertiary public hospitals are of course strong, and all kinds of medical equipment are complete. Because patients gather in the head hospital, these hospitals always have to purchase equipment regardless of whether they are subsidized or not." A medical system person told the First Financial Reporter, "So this discount loan policy may benefit more grassroots public hospitals with weak medical infrastructure."

　　The relevant person in charge of a large tertiary hospital in Shanghai told the First Financial Reporter: "As we are the unit responsible for the budget of the Health and Health Commission, in the past, infrastructure construction and equipment investment needed to be purchased by ourselves. If it is really necessary to purchase equipment, we can consider loans. Through this discount loan policy, we can indeed buy some equipment."

　　The deputy director of the Radiology Department of another large tertiary hospital in Shanghai told the First Financial Reporter: "Many hospitals have applied for procurement, and we are still evaluating it. After all, the cost of purchasing an advanced medical imaging equipment is very high."

　　Some insiders also said that although some large tertiary hospitals are large in scale, their debts are also very serious, and they are very cautious about the decision to purchase equipment. Take Zhengda First Affiliated Hospital as an example. According to statistics, the balance of the hospital in 2021 was less than 1 billion yuan, accounting for less than 5% of the revenue.

　　"Our hospital will tend to build joint laboratories with some enterprises, so that the equipment of enterprises can be put into the hospital for free, saving a lot of money." The person in charge of the scientific research department of a hospital in Shanghai told the First Financial Reporter, "For example, we are preparing to cooperate with a domestic medical imaging equipment giant company to build a laboratory."

　　The director of the Radiology Department of a large tertiary hospital in Shanghai told the First Financial Reporter: "The key problem lies in the demand. The equipment is purchased according to the demand, and it is bought when there is demand, not because there is a discount policy, and there is no need to borrow money to buy it. It is unnecessary."

　　Imaging equipment manufacturers benefit first.

　　In Li Bing’s view, the most direct and first beneficiaries of the discount loan policy should be medical device manufacturers and distributors, not hospitals. "This means that the market of manufacturers has room for substantial growth." He told the first financial reporter.

　　Other investors also believe that the medical device industry, which has been silent for a while, may be reborn because the new infrastructure of medical devices has been put on the agenda. "In the past, the market did not attract enough attention to the new infrastructure of medical devices." A medical device investor told the First Financial Reporter, "Now the discount loan policy has shaken this undercurrent market."

　　Yi Zhu told the First Financial Reporter: "The policy limits the use direction of this loan to the purchase of medical equipment such as diagnosis and treatment, clinical examination, severe illness, rehabilitation and scientific research transformation. Correspondingly, it will mainly benefit the fields of imaging, IVD, monitoring and rehabilitation equipment."

　　Multinational giants first "liked" the discount loan policy. GE Medical told the First Financial Reporter: "Recently, we are concerned about the decision of the Standing Committee of the People’s Republic of China to determine special refinancing and financial interest subsidies to support the upgrading of equipment in some areas, expand market demand and increase development potential, and the Health and Health Commission took the lead in issuing a notice to confirm the use of financial interest subsidies to upgrade and transform medical equipment. This has undoubtedly injected a shot in the arm into the medical and health field, which is good for the overall domestic medical equipment industry. "

　　GE medical said that the implementation of a series of discount and loan combination boxing will be beneficial to the development of medical equipment manufacturing industry and accelerate the innovation iteration of enterprise equipment and products; On the other hand, it is also conducive to the overall development of medical equipment manufacturing industry, encouraging enterprises to expand production scale and improve production capacity and efficiency, which has a great impetus to the road of high-quality development of medical equipment in China.

　　At present, GE Medical has developed, produced and put more than 100 products into the market in China, covering a series of innovative products such as 256-slice CT, 3.0T magnetic resonance, obstetrics and gynecology, heart, whole-body ultrasound and ventilator, anesthesia, monitoring and ECG.

　　Some multinational medical device manufacturers also said that the favorable policies should be viewed more rationally. "It is still difficult to assess how much this policy will benefit our business, and we will have to wait until the final result comes out." The president of a European multinational medical imaging equipment company in China told the First Financial Reporter.

　　"The overall policy of discount loans is favorable. After all, in the short term, it will help to promote hospitals in need to buy or replace equipment as soon as possible." A senior official in China, a large German intensive care equipment manufacturer, told the First Financial Reporter, "But we should also see clearly that these demands are only released in advance. After all, equipment is not a high-frequency procurement commodity, unlike consumables. Now I buy more, and I may buy less in the future."

　　However, according to an internal document circulating in the industry, it seems unnecessary to worry about future demand reduction. "Some equipment may be purchased in advance, but with the increase in personnel and manpower investment in hospital equipment procurement, the ability to receive medical treatment will gradually increase, bringing new medical needs, which in turn will promote the hospital’s investment in new infrastructure." A summary of internal interviews with relevant departments wrote.

　　"I think as a hospital, they are more inclined to purchase some medical instruments and imaging equipment with shorter return period, such as CT, MRI, color Doppler ultrasound, IVD, and monitors, because there are a large number of patients’ needs, and for equipment such as surgical robots and gene sequencers that are expensive and difficult to return to their original cost, the demand of hospitals may not be so urgent." Seimi Zhang, a senior person in the medical device industry, told the First Financial Reporter.

　　Gu Xin, an executive of a multinational gene sequencing equipment manufacturer in China, told the First Financial Reporter that the types of equipment purchased by hospitals are closely related to clinical cognition. "At least at the present stage, the demand for using gene sequencing in clinical diagnosis is relatively small. This is because gene diagnosis is a relatively new discipline, and not many clinicians know this new technology. On the other hand, it is also related to cost. If gene diagnosis can be included in medical insurance in the future, the demand will increase significantly." Gu Xin told the First Financial Reporter.

　　Demand for innovative technology and equipment to be released

　　The first financial reporter learned that although some large tertiary hospitals are actively promoting the construction of research hospitals and strengthening their scientific research capabilities, the medical talent pool in emerging frontier technologies such as gene therapy is still in the early stage.

　　"Some hospitals pay more attention to scientific research, and the dean himself is an academician. They will be more active in the early layout of these new technologies, but the awareness of more hospital leaders is still lacking. Coupled with the current economic challenges, the investment in non-essential equipment will be less active." Gu Xin told the First Financial Reporter.

　　A deputy chief physician of the Department of Cardiology, a large tertiary hospital in Shanghai, told the First Financial Reporter that some genetic diagnosis techniques may be used in the field of structural heart disease, especially congenital heart disease, but they are rarely used as a whole, and their usefulness has not been fully revealed.

　　However, the situation is also changing. With more and more scientific research proving the influence of genes on diseases, precise treatment driven by gene diagnosis will surely receive more attention in the future. "For example, structural heart disease, current research has found that the incidence of a considerable number of patients is related to heredity. With the promotion of related research, precise treatment will definitely become the future trend." Gu Xin said.

　　In the eyes of the industry, this discount loan can not only release part of the clinical equipment demand, but also help accelerate the development of domestic medical equipment.

　　"At present, it is in the historical opportunity period when the country vigorously supports domestic innovative medical device products. I think hospitals may get greater support and encouragement when purchasing domestic devices and equipment." Seimi Zhang, an insider, told the First Financial Reporter.

　　UIH recently publicly responded to the new infrastructure of medical equipment on its WeChat WeChat official account. "We provide customized services for diversified scenarios for medical institutions at all levels for discount applications with tight time and difficult planning." UIH wrote. Since UIH went public at the end of August this year, its share price has risen steadily, and its current market value exceeds 160 billion yuan.

　　In addition, with more and more domestic surgical robots approved for listing by NMPA in China, the market believes that the discount loan policy will also stimulate the demand for technical equipment in this emerging field. For example, Tumai, the first domestic four-arm laparoscopic surgery robot independently developed by minimally invasive medical care, was approved by NMPA not long ago.

　　A domestic head surgery robot manufacturer has told the First Financial Reporter that since the release of the discount loan policy, the enthusiasm of hospitals for purchasing surgical robots is higher than in the past.

　　Jiang Tengfei, senior consulting director of Sullivan’s medical team in Greater China, believes that in terms of surgical robots, China enterprises can combine the advantages of the local market and exert their innovative ability in integrating AI intelligence. "In recent years, in terms of professional surgical instruments, a number of domestic brands with independent intellectual property rights have emerged in the China market, such as endoscopic/orthopedic surgical robots. How these enterprises develop in the future is worthy of attention." Jiang Tengfei told the First Financial Reporter.

　　"Now it seems that China’s centralized procurement policy will continue for a long time, which requires medical device companies to develop more innovative and core technologies that can be independently controlled, and serve the clinical unmet needs at a more competitive price." Seimi Zhang told the First Financial Reporter.

　　In recent years, the state has also issued a series of policies to encourage domestic medical device enterprises to accelerate innovation and become bigger and stronger. Last month, the National Medical Insurance Bureau clearly stated in the Reply of the National Medical Insurance Bureau to Recommendation No.4955 of the Fifth Session of the 13th National People’s Congress that "innovative medical devices will not be included in centralized procurement for the time being", and a certain market should be set aside outside centralized procurement to provide space for innovative products to open up markets.

　　However, in the field of domestic medical devices, there are still some problems in the industrial chain, such as duplication of low-end production capacity and waste of production resources, and there is still an objective gap with the world advanced level. Many products still need to be tested by the market. Enterprises need to further increase investment in R&D, achieve technological breakthroughs, gradually break through the core technical barriers of high-end equipment, and improve the localization rate of high-end medical device products. Take the high-end medical imaging products as an example. At present, the localization rate is less than 10%.

　　Cui Xiaobo, medical managing director of Ipsos medical industry, a consulting company, told the First Financial Reporter: "At first, domestic factories were engaged in the production of some relatively low-end medical device products. In the past few years, with the independent innovation and research and development advocated by the state, some manufacturers also began to develop high-end medical device products, but the core components still rely on imported supply chains, such as tubes and detectors of CT equipment. The problem caused by this is that the procurement cost is high. When it does not reach a certain amount, the enterprise has no bargaining power, so it loses money year after year. "

　　Cui Xiaobo said that although some local manufacturers of head medical devices are doing some independent research and development for some core components and referring to foreign enterprises, it is one thing to assemble medical devices, and it is another to use them well in clinical application. "Especially for the setting of some parameters, because international brands have a lot of overseas research and development or experience in other markets and then get it to the China market, I think there is still a certain gap in this part." He told the first financial reporter.

　　(Feng Jian, Li Bing, Seimi Zhang and Gu Xin in the text are all pseudonyms)