Spring Festival travel rush will be launched on January 10, 2020: It is estimated that the number of passengers sent nationwide will be 3 billion.

       CCTV News:Spring Festival travel rush 2020 will be officially launched tomorrow (10th). At 10: 00 am today (9th), the State Council Information Office held a press conference on Spring Festival travel rush 2020. The heads of seven departments answered questions from reporters on the situation and work arrangements in Spring Festival travel rush.

       Spring Festival travel rush will be launched tomorrow in 2020 for a total of 40 days.

       In 2020, Spring Festival travel rush will start from January 10th to February 18th, with a total of 40 days, and the number of passengers sent nationwide will reach about 3 billion. Since this year’s Spring Festival is the earliest Lunar New Year in the past eight years, Spring Festival travel rush will have a situation where student flow and work flow are superimposed from the beginning. 

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       It is estimated that the number of passengers sent nationwide will be 3 billion.

       Of the 3 billion passengers in Spring Festival travel rush, there were nearly 2.5 billion passengers on roads and 440 million passengers on railways, up 8% year-on-year. Civil aviation was 79 million passengers, up 8.4% year-on-year; 45 million passengers were transported by water, a year-on-year increase of 9.6%. The proportion of high-speed rail, civil aviation, private cars and other modes of travel in Spring Festival travel rush continues to rise.

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       Railway e-tickets basically cover high-speed rail and intercity railway.

       This year, in Spring Festival travel rush, e-tickets for railways basically cover high-speed rail and intercity railways, and all passenger trains fully promote online standby ticket purchase.

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       12306 extended ticket sales for half an hour can be verified by face recognition.

       The 12306 ticketing system extends the ticketing time by half an hour every day, and can be verified online through face recognition.

Sidelights of Henan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Commended by Henan Provincial People’s Government

  CCTV News:On October 28th this year, Xie Fuzhan, secretary of Henan Provincial Party Committee, gave instructions on the report on the first anniversary of the operation of the designated port of imported meat reported by Henan Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, praising the bureau for its "high position, practical work and gratifying achievements". This is the third time that Secretary Xie Fuzhan has given instructions for the work of the bureau in less than a month.

  In recent years, Henan has been approved to establish Zhengzhou Airport Economic Comprehensive Experimental Zone, China (Zhengzhou) cross-border electronic commerce Comprehensive Experimental Zone and China (Henan) Free Trade Zone; Functional ports rank first in inland provinces, with comprehensive indicators such as air freight, China-Europe trains (Zhengzhou) and cross-border electronic commerce leading the country; In 2015, the import and export exceeded 460 billion yuan, keeping pace with Chongqing in the central and western regions … … ; Henan’s opening to the outside world, port construction and foreign trade development have achieved a historic leap in recent years.

  What role does Henan Inspection and Quarantine Bureau play in the dynamic DreamWorks in Central China when dreams come true? Why did the People’s Government of Henan Province issue a special bulletin commending the Bureau for "striving for excellence in the province’s opening-up work and achieving remarkable results"? In the autumn season, reporters went deep into Henan, visited ports, visited enterprises and visited all the way to find answers.

  Value concept: open with me, open with me.

  On the morning of May 10, 2014, when General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited land port, Zhengzhou, he hoped that Henan would be built into a logistics channel hub connecting domestic and overseas, radiating east, west and east, and making more contributions to the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt.

  Bearing in mind the entrustment of the General Secretary, the Henan Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government identified "opening-driven" as the main development strategy and deeply integrated into the "Belt and Road" national strategy, which provided a broad space for Henan Bureau to perform its duties.

  Henan Bureau believes that opening to the outside world, together with port construction and foreign trade development, is the three platforms for inspection and quarantine departments to perform their duties, providing a bigger stage for inspection and quarantine work. To this end, the bureau regards promoting opening to the outside world as the top priority in serving Henan’s economic and social development.

  “‘ Open with me, open with me ’ It is the value concept of Henan national inspection. " Li Zhongbang, director of Henan Bureau, told reporters. Driven by this value concept, we made concerted efforts to make suggestions on hot and difficult issues such as opening to the outside world, and more than 50 suggestions were adopted by the Standing Committee of Henan Provincial Party Committee, the Standing Committee of the provincial government and important documents.

  Suggestions such as inland ports, six types of ports, port economy, food and agricultural products export, refined agriculture, and the core nodes of China-Europe inland hub have become hot words in important documents and media in Henan.

  Henan Bureau proposed, promoted or was responsible for drafting, and Henan Province issued some important documents, such as Opinions on Expanding Agricultural Opening to the Outside World and Promoting the Export of Food and Agricultural Products, Several Opinions on Further Strengthening and Improving Port Work, Notice on Strengthening the Implementation of Free Trade Agreements and Visa of Origin, and Notice on Establishing a Joint Meeting Mechanism for Health Management and Service Cooperation of Entry-Exit Personnel in Henan Province.

  Xie Fuzhan, secretary of Henan Provincial Party Committee, pointed out: "Henan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau has actively integrated into the overall situation of opening up in our province and made outstanding contributions, which should be commended."

  Ports: Pushing the hinterland of the Central Plains to the Open Frontier

  On the banks of the Yellow River, Henan state inspectors actively explored the focus of promoting development.

  The port is an important platform for opening to the outside world and the main position for inspection and quarantine. To this end, Henan Bureau regards promoting port construction as the first priority to build an inland Henan opening platform. The bureau believes that the development strategy of "opening up and building ports" and "big hub, big logistics, big industry and metropolis" of Henan Provincial Party Committee is more in line with the opening-up strategy of Henan Province if it is supported by "big ports". To this end, the bureau put forward the working idea of building "six types of ports" relying on aviation and railway ports, which was appreciated by provincial leaders and included in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" for port construction in Henan Province.

  On October 31st, the report of the Tenth Party Congress of Henan Province put forward: "Enrich and expand all kinds of ports, build a comprehensive large port pattern, and vigorously develop the port economy."

  At present, the "six types of ports" such as Henan airlines, railways, highways, postal services (including express mail and cross-border e-commerce), inland rivers, designated import ports that extend the functions of seaports and land ports, and special open areas (including free trade zones, airport experimental areas, cross-border e-commerce experimental areas, special supervision areas, etc.) have developed in a coordinated manner and achieved remarkable results.

  "The big port has activated the development of open economy in Henan." Zhao Wenming, general manager of Zhengzhou land port Development and Construction Co., Ltd. told the reporter. He believes that accelerating the construction of "six types of ports", especially promoting the construction of various designated ports, is an urgent requirement for Henan’s opening up.

  With the strong support of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, Henan has been successively approved as designated import ports for meat, fruits, Australian cattle, edible aquatic animals, chilled aquatic products, grain, seeds and seedlings, and automobile vehicles. As an inland province with the largest number and most complete types of designated import ports, Henan has unique advantages and core competitiveness. Ports are becoming a powerful engine and beautiful business card for Henan’s opening to the outside world, pushing the hinterland of the Central Plains to the forefront of opening up.

  Exporting food and agricultural products: a new driving force of refined agriculture

  "The establishment of a national demonstration city for the quality and safety of exported food and agricultural products will help us to turn agricultural advantages into brand advantages, and then into a driving force for promoting agricultural transformation and upgrading, promoting the development of refined agriculture, expanding agricultural opening up and promoting the export of food and agricultural products." Mu Weimin, member of the Standing Committee of Henan Provincial Party Committee and secretary of Nanyang Municipal Party Committee, pointed out.

  The core of precision agriculture is intensive cultivation, which can upgrade technology and standards, produce high added value, high efficiency and refined products, and improve the quality and efficiency of agricultural development.

  Henan Bureau believes that Henan is a big agricultural province, and the food processing industry is a trillion-dollar industry, and the export potential of food and agricultural products is huge. Making food and agricultural products bigger and stronger is the only way to promote the development of exquisite agriculture, and at the same time, it provides space for inland inspection and quarantine institutions to play their functional roles after the export legal inspection tasks are greatly reduced. To this end, the bureau regards expanding the export of food and agricultural products as the top priority of serving Henan’s exports.

  Promote the establishment of a joint conference system for promoting the export of food and agricultural products in Henan Province with the participation of 18 departments and bureaus; The Henan Bureau drafted and urged the provincial government to issue opinions on promoting the export of food and agricultural products, and simultaneously promoted seven key cities to issue relevant implementation opinions; Every year, the general office of the provincial government issues the "Action Plan for Promoting the Export of Food and Agricultural Products" to promote the implementation of key tasks and continue to highlight the leading role of Henan Bureau.

  Promote Nanyang City to successfully create the first national demonstration city for the quality and safety of exported food and agricultural products, and build 23 national demonstration zones, ranking second in the country; Start the "one county, one product" project, based on the initial screening of 162 products in all parts of the province, select 14 core categories and 50 specific products as the product cultivation of $1 billion and $500 million … …

  In the first nine months of this year, Henan exported 13.55 billion yuan of food and agricultural products, a contrarian increase of 25.4%. From Yongda frozen poultry meat to Huaying duck products, from Sanmenxia edible fungi to Luoyang peony fresh cut flowers, the products of local enterprises in Henan have been exported, gone abroad and went to the world for the first time. As Governor Chen Runer instructed: "Henan Inspection and Quarantine Bureau has actively taken measures to promote the export of local products and done a lot of work, which should be affirmed and praised."

  Cross-border electronic commerce: Let Henan stand on the same starting line.

  "Since the pilot operation of Zhengzhou cross-border electronic commerce, we have received thousands of large-scale study delegations from all over the country to study and visit cross-border electronic commerce, and cross-border electronic commerce has become a beautiful business card to show Henan’s innovation and opening up." Cui Shaoying, secretary of the Party Working Committee and director of the Management Committee of Zhengzhou Economic Development Zone, introduced.

  In the first nine months of this year, cross-border e-commerce in Henan imported and exported 9.77 billion US dollars. Among them, exports were 8.44 billion US dollars and imports were 1.33 billion US dollars. World-renowned cross-border e-commerce companies have settled in, which has promoted the vigorous development of more than ten industries such as warehousing and distribution, logistics and distribution, packaging and processing, directly solving more than 30,000 jobs and indirectly driving more jobs.

  "Inland areas have no advantage in general trade, and cross-border electronic commerce has transcended the limitations of time and space, because ‘ De-centralization, de-intermediation and de-specialization ’ The characteristics of Henan have made Henan and coastal foreign trade developed provinces stand on the same starting line, providing an excellent opportunity and platform for Henan to develop foreign trade and foreign trade transformation and upgrading. " Li Zhongbang told reporters. To this end, Henan Bureau regards supporting the development of cross-border e-commerce as the top priority to promote the transformation and upgrading of Henan’s foreign trade.

  Cross-border electronic commerce’s future dispute is about new rules, and whoever formulates new rules to realize benefits will be the biggest winner. To this end, Henan Bureau joined forces with China WTO/TBT— SPS National Notification and Consultation Center and Henan Provincial Department of Commerce started the research on rules, and promoted the construction of "one center, one base" innovation platform of cross-border e-commerce technical rules research and risk monitoring center and technical trade measures research base, so as to cultivate advantages and seek opportunities.

  Henan Bureau has taken various measures to fully promote the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive test area towards the goal of "one area with multiple parks, all-round development, intensive export, key development, optimized import and diversified development".

  "Through the reform and innovation in government service, business process, supervision mode and platform construction, cross-border electronic commerce ‘ Zhengzhou model ’ Make the country pay attention! " Xu Ping, general manager of Henan Bonded Logistics Center, told reporters.

  Since 2014, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, Premier Li Keqiang, Chairman Zhang Dejiang and other party and state leaders have successively inspected Zhengzhou cross-border electronic commerce Pilot Project. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader asked cross-border electronic commerce to move towards the goal of "buying the world and selling the world"; Premier Li Keqiang said at the the State Council executive meeting: "In the bonded area, Henan has realized a platform inspection by customs and state inspection, supervision in the whole process, and efficient customs clearance. Many large e-commerce companies operate in the region, which has driven tens of thousands of people to find jobs and start businesses. It is not a policy depression, but an institutional highland. Henan is doing so well, I really didn’t expect it "; Chairman Zhang Dejiang exhorted that Zhengzhou pilot should make great efforts to force the domestic manufacturing industry to upgrade in the future.

  Belt and Road: Let Henan glow with its former glory

  The "One Belt, One Road" strategy has brought unprecedented development opportunities to Henan, which is located in the core hinterland of China and has been a political, economic and cultural center for 3,000 years in the land rights era. The unique natural endowment has been reactivated due to the return of land rights, and the inland Central Plains has thus taken off.

  At 4: 00pm on November 3rd, the 200th China-Europe train (Zhengzhou) this year sailed from land port, Zhengzhou to Hamburg, Germany, full of goods, marking the goal of China-Europe train (Zhengzhou) to complete the annual operation of 200 trains 58 days ahead of schedule.

  The speed is faster and faster, the goods are heavier and heavier, and the value of goods is higher and higher. Up to now, CEIBS (Zhengzhou) has operated a total of 456 trains, with a total cargo value of 2.191 billion US dollars and a cargo weight of 208,400 tons. As the hub core of the "West Passage" and "Middle Passage", the China-Europe train (Zhengzhou) has achieved the weekly "going three times and returning three times" operation, becoming the only international freight train on the China-Europe logistics channel with high frequency, sub-normalization and round-trip equilibrium, and all indicators have continuously maintained the leading position in the country.

  In the first 10 months of this year, Zhengzhou Airport completed a cargo and mail throughput of 350,000 tons, up 12% year-on-year, of which the international cargo volume was 210,000 tons, up 22.2% year-on-year, accounting for 60% of the total cargo volume, ranking among the top airports in China in terms of growth rate.

  "Henan Province is deeply integrated ‘ Belt and Road ’ , put forward to build a land channel linking the east with the west, an air channel connecting the whole world, and a strategic hub opening inland, namely ‘ Two channels and one hub ’ The strategic layout and positioning are very accurate. Henan does not rely on the sea or the side, but on the Silk Road and the blue sky. The real core advantage of Henan logistics is ‘ Silk Road ’ And ‘ Blue sky ’ That is, relying on the Central European trains and Zhengzhou Airport on the Silk Road Economic Belt to build the province’s opening door. " Li Zhongbang told reporters.

  Focusing on "reducing costs and improving efficiency", Henan Bureau has successively issued 36 supporting measures to optimize and rebuild various port processes and inspection and quarantine processes for key entry-exit goods, and the operational efficiency has doubled. Support Zhengzhou to build the core node of China-Europe inland hub, promote the construction of LCL assembly center, support the introduction of large domestic and foreign logistics integrators to set up operation bases or distribution centers, accelerate the construction of international aviation logistics centers, and create the "Silk Road on Land" and "Silk Road in the Air".

  At 17: 20 on November 6th, after 28 hours’ flight, the cargo flight "K4518" of Calita Airlines of the United States sent 92 tons of blueberries and cherries just picked in Chile to Zhengzhou, and the "fruit special plane" brought it, thus opening the prelude of "importing fruits by air" in Zhengzhou this winter.

  "In November and December, we and Dalian Yidu plan to have 90 fruit charter flights from Xinzheng Airport, with an import volume of more than 10,000 tons. It can be delivered to all directions from Zhengzhou, which has greater advantages than Shanghai, and the transportation cost is cheaper than that from Shanghai to Xi’ an, Chengdu, Wuhan and Beijing. In particular, the efficiency of port inspection and quarantine operations is very high, which minimizes our time, transportation costs and risks. " Fang Jiayu, deputy general manager of Shanghai Ouheng Import and Export Co., Ltd. told reporters.

  Now, more and more live animals are transported to all parts of the country after quarantine at Zhengzhou airport, including South African giraffes, zebras, Russian polar bears, Chilean alpacas, Canadian breeding pigs, French breeding pigs and Australian breeding sheep. Henan is becoming the main distribution center for import and export animals in China.

  More and more fresh goods importers come to Henan Bureau for consultation and consider putting their fresh goods into Zhengzhou Airport. More and more fresh goods importers choose Zhengzhou Airport as the domestic logistics distribution center. Zhengzhou airport is becoming the main distribution center of fresh goods by air in China.

  State Inspection Feelings: Henan develops and I develop, and I and Henan are brilliant together.

  On October 28th, at the symposium on export-oriented economy in Henan Province, Zhao Jiancai, vice governor of Henan Province, pointed out: "Inspection and Quarantine Bureau ‘ Entering the enterprise and helping accurately ’ The activity is full of feelings and touching. "

  In view of the grim foreign trade situation, in June this year, Henan Bureau started the activity of "entering enterprises and providing accurate assistance". Nearly 500 cadres and workers from five working groups of the provincial bureau visited and investigated more than 300 import and export enterprises, collected 405 opinions and suggestions, understood the actual difficulties of enterprises and analyzed the bottlenecks restricting the development of foreign trade. On this basis, 14 measures were put forward to promote the foreign trade to stabilize and improve.

  And the list goes on.

  Together with the commerce, customs and other departments, the province-wide roving training activities of "2016 Free Trade Agreement Implementation and Preferential Policies for Visa of Origin" were launched to comprehensively enhance the participation of local governments and the application level of preferential policies for enterprises. By the end of September, a total of 67 lectures were held, covering 18 provincial cities and 10 counties (cities) in the province, with a total of more than 140 government departments, 2,170 enterprises and 4,936 participants. Within two months after the tour, the number of newly-added enterprises of origin for filing increased by 59% month-on-month.

  On September 26th, Michael David, President and Chief Operating Officer of Ouxi Group, USA, came to Henan Bureau. He told Li Zhongbang that the excellent service of Henan inspection and quarantine department has increased our confidence and determination to invest in Henan. Ouxi Group has decided to build the largest, most advanced and best-quality food processing base enterprise in China and even the world.

  Together with platform enterprises, cross-border e-commerce companies and local governments, we will open doors to formulate inspection and quarantine measures for cross-border electronic commerce. After the implementation of the "New Deal", we will organize a symposium for cross-border e-commerce companies to jointly solve difficulties and problems in development with enterprises. Di Amin, general manager of Xiaohongshu Zhengzhou Company, said: "Inspection and quarantine is not only face to face with our company, but more importantly, they are shoulder to shoulder with us."

  "The thoughtful service of inspection and quarantine around the clock has made outstanding contributions to the development of air cargo and mail throughput in Zhengzhou Airport!" "They have built a new platform for enterprises to make full use of two resources to occupy two markets, which has saved us a lot of costs." "The innovative spirit and service consciousness of inspection and quarantine are admirable!" Li Weidong, general manager of Zhengzhou Airport Group, Bandung, chairman of Shuanghui Group, Cao Jiafu, general manager of Huaying Group and other business leaders praised the inspection and quarantine.

  Do not forget your initiative mind: Maintaining national security is the core responsibility.

  On the morning of September 8, a China passenger who came from Guatemala and flew to Zhengzhou via Seoul, South Korea, was passing through the self-inspection channel for entry-exit quarantine at Zhengzhou airport when the self-inspection system suddenly alerted the police and automatically intercepted it. After the final review by the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the Henan Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission organized an expert group consultation to diagnose the patient as an imported Zika virus disease case, the first case in Henan and the 23rd case in mainland China.

  The news that the first imported Zika virus disease in Henan was detected at Zhengzhou airport attracted the attention of the media and heated discussion among readers. Xie Fuzhan, secretary of the Henan Provincial Party Committee, and other provincial leaders gave instructions.

  Henan Bureau believes that we must always keep in mind that "grasping quality and ensuring safety" is the core function of inspection and quarantine, and that maintaining national security is the first priority for Henan state inspectors to perform their duties.

  Henan state inspectors have always been in Do not forget your initiative mind, conscientiously fulfilling the four functions of "preventing and controlling epidemic diseases, monitoring toxic and harmful, maintaining food safety and strengthening anti-terrorism at ports". It is necessary to conduct inspection in strict accordance with the law, strictly regulate basic grass-roots management and business work, improve work quality around "scientificity and effectiveness", and keep the bottom line of quality and safety. Efforts should be made to improve the level of checks. In recent years, the comprehensive ranking of eight "detection rates" of Henan Bureau has remained at the forefront of inland bureaus.

  The concept of "only by keeping the bottom line of quality and safety can Henan’s foreign trade become bigger and stronger, and the road to development become wider and wider" was praised by Guo Gengmao, then secretary of Henan Provincial Party Committee. Taking the maintenance of national security as the core responsibility of inspection and quarantine, Henan Bureau has effectively guaranteed the "five major security" of health, ecology, environment, consumption and counter-terrorism, and helped the construction of beautiful Henan and safe Henan. (Correspondent: Guo Jia Li Heming)

Scan the code to pay the daily limit. 500 yuan, is it enough? You may have misunderstood.

Beijing, December 29 (Xinhua) The new bar code payment regulations issued by the central bank were screened yesterday. Seeing the news that the scanning code payment deadline is 500 yuan, many people complain that the quota is not enough. In fact, everyone has misunderstood that the daily limit in 500 yuan is only for static bar codes, such as the payment method of scanning the QR code posted by the merchants at the booth. Experts said that the 500 yuan quota has met the needs of most users. If the consumption exceeds that of 500 yuan, the merchant will not be subject to this restriction by scanning the user’s barcode.

Why the limit? Static bar codes are unsafe and difficult to distinguish between true and false.

On the evening of the 27th, the central bank issued the Code for Barcode Payment (Trial), which will be implemented on April 1st, 2018. The new regulations will limit the bar code payment business of individual customers according to the level of risk prevention ability.

The risk prevention ability is divided into four grades: A, B, C and D. The QR code of the payment posted by the merchants who usually shop in front of the booth is a static barcode, and the risk prevention ability is the lowest, which is D. When answering a reporter’s question, the relevant person in charge of the central bank said that static bar codes are easy to be tampered with or altered, and it is advisable to carry Trojans or viruses, which is difficult to distinguish between authenticity and authenticity, resulting in higher payment risks.

Therefore, the new regulations make it clear that the cumulative transaction amount of a single bank account or all payment accounts of the same customer in a single day should not exceed that of 500 yuan if static bar codes are used. If individual customers need more bar code payment amount, they can verify the transaction by means of digital certificate or electronic signature.

Huang Zhen, a professor at the Institute of Financial Law of the Central University of Finance and Economics, told Zhongxin. com that the limit of static bar codes is mainly based on security considerations, and large payments should be scanned by generating dynamic bar codes. Static bar codes are really convenient to put there, but convenience and security sometimes conflict. For example, the bar code exposed before was stolen and the thief stole the money.

Dong Ximiao, a senior researcher at Chongyang Financial Research Institute of Renmin University of China, suggested that when using bar codes to pay, try not to use your mobile phone to scan other people’s static bar codes, but let others scan your mobile phone. The security of static QR code is much lower than that of dynamic QR code generated in real time.

Expert: Most of the bar code payment < 500 yuan quota is enough.

So, is it enough to scan the static bar code to pay the one-day limit 500 yuan? Actually, it’s really enough. The central bank said that according to the data of bar code payment transactions of major market institutions, the quota has covered the needs of most customers who use bar code payment.

According to Dong Ximiao, in 2015-2016, more than 95% of the daily bar code payments by mainstream payment institutions were below 500 yuan. In the first half of this year, the average daily amount of bar code payments by mainstream payment institutions was 108 yuan.

"500 yuan quota is for users, and there is no restriction on merchants. I don’t think it will affect the actual use, whether it is merchants or consumers.If you spend 600 yuan in a hotel, it’s a bit difficult to scan the code to pay. However, at this time, let the cashier scan the QR code on your mobile phone."Dong Ximiao said.

It is understood that in the current bar code payment, most merchants scan the user’s bar code by using dynamic bar code for payment. Correspondingly, there are other risk prevention ability grades and trading limits.

Li Min, a special researcher at China Electronic Commerce Research Center, said,The use of static bar codes is aimed at small consumers.The formulation of risk grade standards is in line with market demand and has practical significance, andIt will not suppress the actual operation of business entities such as pancake fruit stalls and tea shops..

In response to a reporter’s question, the relevant person in charge of the central bank stressed that in order to prevent the risk of static bar codes, static bar codes should be generated by encryption of the background server, and anti-counterfeiting paper should be used to display bar codes, which should have certain anti-counterfeiting characteristics; Static bar codes should be protected by physical means such as protective cover to avoid being covered or replaced, and anti-counterfeiting labels should be used to mark the protective cover.

Do not burn money and subsidies have an impact on WeChat and Alipay?

The new regulations require that non-bank payment institutions (referred to as payment institutions) should obtain online payment business licenses if they provide payment services based on bar code technology to customers. At the same time, banks and payment institutions carry out bar code payment services.We should make scientific and reasonable pricing with reference to the pricing standard of bank card swiping fees, and we should not use unfair means such as cross-subsidy, dumping below cost and so on to crowd out competitors, and we should not use unfair competition means such as "burning money" and "subsidies"..

Alipay and WeChat payment have always been the two giants in the mobile payment market. According to the report of Analysys think tank, in the second quarter of 2017, Alipay accounted for 53.70% of the market share and Tencent Finance accounted for 39.12%.

In response to the new regulations, the two giants also responded, saying that they agree with the efforts made by the central bank to standardize bar code payment, and will explore innovative models and feasibility with the industry and regulatory authorities.

Dong Ximiao believes that the new regulations requireYou can’t exclude competitors, for example, you can only scan one QR code but not another.Yes; It is forbidden to compete below the cost price, for example, it is unreasonable to scan the code and receive 1 million, but invest 2 million; The central bank stressed that the payment business should have stable and sustainable investment and operation, in order to prevent the continuous expansion of many companies in bike-sharing from closing down.

Li Min also said that,Subsidies and red envelope activities of Alipay and WeChat are not necessarily unfair competition.. Unfair competition refers to the behavior of operators who violate the provisions of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law, damage the legitimate rights and interests of other operators and disrupt the social and economic order. thereforeWhether red envelopes and subsidies constitute unfair competition needs further determination..

Barcode technology shall not be abused, and businesses such as financial management and currency exchange are prohibited.

According to the new regulations, payment institutions are not allowed to engage in or engage in securities, insurance, credit, financing, wealth management, guarantee, trust, currency exchange, cash access and other businesses in disguised form based on barcode technology.

Huang Zhen said that the reason why the central bankThe purpose of approving third-party payment licenses is to support e-commerce consumption, not to make it a wealth management and investment institution.Otherwise, it will deviate from the original intention of approving payment licenses, and it will also produce unequal competition and be unfair to financial institutions such as banks.

"This is a matter of principle. From the nature of the account, payment can only be payment, and the payment account cannot be used in other fields." Dong Ximiao said.

For entity merchants (small and micro merchants), the new regulations require that the acquiring institution can provide barcode payment and acquiring services for them by reviewing the identity documents and supporting documents of the main person in charge of the merchants.

Dong Ximiao believes that the central bank’s move is grounded, and small and micro businesses that do not need to go through the registration formalities in industrial and commercial registration are included in the acceptance scope of bar code payment.In other words, the central bank also supports you in setting up stalls and scanning yards to sell vegetables at the farmers’ market.. (End)

Qilu New Year’s Customs Rise and Fall: What do you pay attention to when you string relatives in Shandong for the New Year?


  Jinan

  On the second day of the lunar new year, you must bring gifts to your parents’ home. According to the old rules, these gifts are a knife of meat (not less than four or five kilograms), two fish (fresh carp, each fish must weigh more than one kilogram, also known as "fish"), three bottles of white wine and four kilograms of snacks (egg cake, longevity cake, peach cake and ancient philosophers cake). These gifts are collectively referred to as "four-color gifts", which contain the four seasons of the year.

  Qingdao

  Visiting relatives from the first day of the first month. In Qingdao, "pro" and "qi" are strictly separated. On New Year’s Day, it is for important people and elders to pay New Year greetings. In the past, it was necessary to kowtow to elders, but now it is not very particular. Generally, it is just to bow and ask "Happy New Year", but aunts and cousins are not allowed to walk around on this day. On the second day of the second month, I pay a New Year call to my grandmother, when my grandmother is away, my son-in-law pays a New Year call to my mother-in-law, and on the fourth day, my unmarried but engaged daughter-in-law pays a New Year call to my future in-laws. From the fifth day of the first month, it is the day to walk around my aunts and cousins.

  Visiting relatives and bringing gifts is called "making a basket" in Qingdao dialect, because in the past, visiting relatives used bamboo baskets that were brushed with clear oil and woven with thin bamboo strips. As for what to put in it, there is nothing special about it. Just put whatever you have at home, one or two bottles of Jimo old wine, two Bao Qing biscuits and a few apples, and that’s all. Anyway, relatives will only come up with one or two, and then press one or two back for a change, so as not to let the empty basket go back.

  Zibo

  When they return to their parents’ home, the girls will put the steamed bun as a basic gift into a basket, and then put four packets of snacks wrapped in red paper at the four corners of the basket, and then insert them with several sesame cakes. In this way, because the baked wheat cake is much higher than the rice basket after it is inserted empty, when the rice basket is finally covered with red bags, it looks like both festive gifts and many gifts. It indicates that the small days are full of prosperity and beauty.

  When a daughter brings a gift to her parents, parents usually don’t return it. Parents will not accept all the gifts from their daughters, but leave them at the bottom of the basket, which means that they can’t let their daughters go home empty-handed.

  Weifang

  In the old days, people usually brought steamed bread, cakes, meat or two pounds of big fruit (fried dough sticks), and even better, two pounds of snacks and two pounds of loose wine. When the daughter goes back to her parents’ home, she brings a handkerchief (a general name for gifts in Weifang), in addition to snacks and wine, many also bring a white scaly fish that is "pressed in the pot" on New Year’s Eve (two white scaly fish and two tofu are put in the cooking pot on New Year’s Eve).

  Yantai

  String relatives, Yantai dialect is called "going out". In Yantai, the most distinctive "going out" gift for the Spring Festival is a kind of pasta called "Bobo". Every year after the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month (that is, off-year), every family will make many "cakes". Flour needs to be kneaded many times to make it into the shape of a bird’s head and a big round body, which is called "milk cake"; Or make it into a round shape, with cut red dates all over it, which is called "jujube cake".

  Weihai

  Visiting relatives and friends during the Chinese New Year is usually from the second day to the fifth and sixth day, and can be extended to the fifteenth at the latest. There used to be such a jingle: "Pay homage to the fifth and sixth day of the New Year, and there is no cake and no meat." That means life is not good. If you are poor, you won’t have anything to eat on the fifth and sixth day. It doesn’t mean that you can’t visit relatives on the fifth and sixth day. Gifts brought by visiting relatives and friends are usually four cakes and a package of peach cakes. If the other person is an elder or an important relative, he will also bring a bottle of wine.

  Tai ‘ an

  On the second day of the second day, the new son-in-law will bring six big gifts to her in-laws’ families, and the six big gifts must be enough. There are two cocks, two fish, two bottles of wine, a back elbow and a pack of vermicelli. There is also a saying called "new three years and old three years", which means that the son-in-law who has been married for less than three years should prepare the same gift every year when he goes to his father-in-law’s house. The latter three years can be a little worse, and he can’t be casual until six years later.

  Laiwu

  Generally, when visiting relatives to give gifts, you should carry a basket with a dozen white-flour steamed buns and rice cakes and zongzi made by yourself. The rice cake is made like a pagoda, divided into nine layers, and each layer will be pressed with a circle of red dates. After the rice cake is steamed, the thorns of red dates are outside, bulging, and some have cracked their mouths, which looks really cute.

  Heze

  Generally, we go to friends’ homes, mostly before the Spring Festival, while we go to relatives’ homes, which is after the New Year. No matter where you visit, you should avoid the afternoon. Many people think it is unlucky to visit friends in the afternoon. Since you are visiting relatives and friends on holidays, you can’t go empty-handed. You always have to bring some gifts. During the Spring Festival, the most common gifts are tobacco, alcohol, sugar, tea, cakes and fruits, and some buy clothes for children of relatives and friends, and they will not forget to give them a lucky money.

  Linyi

  In Linyi, visiting relatives and friends in the New Year is called "going out". When you go out, you should bring some gifts. In the early 1980s, the gifts you brought were nothing more than steamed buns, vegetable bags, bean bags, vermicelli, etc. If the family conditions were good, you should put one or two carp, one or two packs of biscuits or peach cakes, and weigh one catty of sugar for the elderly.

  Zaozhuang 

  People often carry gifts to string relatives before the festival, which is called "send-off gift", and after the festival, it is a pure New Year greeting. There are no special rules about gifts, but the quantity must be an even number to show good luck. The main family will return some specialties such as vermicelli and vermicelli.

  Texas

  There is nothing special about visiting relatives to give gifts during the New Year in Texas. In the past, when the living standard was not high, the "bun basket" was the most important gift. Even when the daughter with the worst living standard goes back to her mother’s house, she should put the steamed white steamed buns, fried fruits and other foods in the basket, cover it with a clean towel on the belly of the sheep, and bring two packs of avocados (snacks) with her if she is a little better.

  Liaocheng

  In the past, the living conditions were not good, and the gifts given by my parents were nothing more than snacks and steamed bread, and some sugar, wine and fruit. Later, with the improvement of living standards, it was fashionable to give four-color gifts, namely wine, chicken, fish and meat, all of which must be in even numbers. Only half of the family’s things were kept and the other half was returned. In return, the bride’s family wants to send jujube flower cakes, which are quite large and silver-basin-like, which means step by step (cakes) every year. You should bring such a generous gift three years before you get married, and then you will be free.

  Binzhou

  In the old days, when I went back to my mother’s house, I usually brought her two Jin of steamed bread (with red dots on the steamed bread) and two Jin of dried noodles. If the family conditions were good, I would buy another Jin of cakes, put them in a basket woven with plastic strips and cover them with cloth. When she comes back, her mother’s family will leave half of what she has taken and bring the rest back by herself. This is called "leaving a leftover head". Visiting relatives is also sending steamed bread and noodles.

Out-of-date photos were replaced by flowers, and Dalai made rumors to deceive the world.

Special topic: the incident of smashing, looting and burning in Lhasa, Tibet


    The picture (information picture) circulated by the rumor


    Xinhuanet Beijing, April 3 rd The Global Times published an article entitled "Out-of-date photos have been moved to Mudaransala as a rumor center, and Dalai wants to deceive the world" on the 3 rd. The article reads as follows:


    The Dalai Lama, who is eager to attack the central government, has revealed new flaws this time. Some netizens pointed out that the photo that the Dalai Lama used to falsely claim that soldiers were "pretending to be monks" was taken at least earlier than 2003. It was also verified that the armed police in the photo were holding monks’ costumes because they were attending a local cultural performance. The Dalai Lama falsely claimed that soldiers wore robes and pretended to be beating, smashing, looting and burning. Over the years, the Dalai Lama didn’t know how many rumors he had made, but the western media who liked to break the news never took the initiative to expose him. They cooperated with each other and made up the big lie that "Tibet is an independent country under the occupation of China". Now, it’s time to let these lies see the sun.


    An obvious fake photo


    The Dalai Lama’s rumors are full of flaws and have become a laughing stock. On the morning of March 29th, local time, the Dalai Lama told reporters after holding a ceremony at Gandhi’s Tomb in New Delhi that China disguised soldiers as lamas to create the impression that Tibetans incited riots. The Dalai clique’s website "Voice of a Free Tibet in Norway" published this news on the 29th, which said, "The Dalai Lama hinted that China itself may be supporting the violence, because he said,’ We heard that hundreds of China soldiers got monks’ clothes. They dressed up as monks. So to others, they look like monks. " "


    According to the investigation, a photo of dozens of armed police holding monks’ costumes appeared on the Internet recently, which is the so-called "basis" for Dalai to falsely claim that soldiers "pretend to be monks". Because the age of the clothing is different from the present, after 2005, the armed police clothing has armbands, but the armed police in the photo does not; The wearing season is also different from now, and the dress in the photo is summer clothes. This photo was taken in the past when the army borrowed monks’ clothes and places for cultural performances.


    网上已有许多网民用跟帖对这张照片表示质疑。还有网民查出,这张照片是2003年在境外“藏独”组织的“西藏人权与民主中心”用过的。网民们斥责“藏独陷害武警”。


    很显然,这张照片是移花接木肆意歪曲的:


    一、着装的年代不符。武警部队自2005年1月1日起,全体官兵统一佩戴胸标和臂章,而照片上武警士兵的着装既无胸标,也无臂章,该照片显然是2005年1月1日之前所拍。自2006年5月1日始,武警部队战士统一换着05式服装,其服装材质由布料改为仿毛面料,挺括舒展,而照片上显示武警战士穿着的是87式布料服装。显然,照片上反映的服装与部队现行着装不是一个年代。


    二、着装的季节不符。3月初的西藏,天气依然寒冷,气温在零下,武警部队均着冬装,市民同样也穿着冬服;而照片上武警战士穿着87式夏常服,市民穿着也比较单薄,显然是藏区5月份后的季节。


    Some western media, such as Oakland News in the United States and West German Daily in Germany, spread this obvious rumor at will. While reporting the Dalai Lama’s rumors, the German Star Weekly also distributed the so-called "basis" picture.


    Netizens angrily denounced Dalai.


    When the truth was published online, many netizens in China immediately condemned the Dalai clique. "Damn" and "Angry! !” "Too low technical content" is the first reaction of netizens. Some netizens sarcastically said: "The Dalai Lama is really talented. Is the Armed Police Force openly developing monk’s clothes on the street for fraud? Also invited the crowd to watch? ….. even if you want to make a fake, do you still have to take pictures as a souvenir? " Some netizens calmly analyzed and said: "It is necessary to expose the distorted reports of the western media. (Dalai) is trying to avoid launching" 3? 14 Tibet smashing, smashing, looting and burning incident. And there is a lot of evidence that this is another low-level smear that Dalai can’t stand scrutiny. " More netizens are angry. Some netizens left a message: "This photo used by the Dalai clique to slander’ China soldiers posing as lamas to stir up riots’ will not have any effect, but the photo itself will become ironclad evidence to expose the Dalai clique’s fear that Tibet will not be chaotic!" Some netizens wrote: "Such a stupid lie can be made, which shows how far the Dalai Lama and some western forces have come to split China, encouraged by some western forces!"


    "Really can’t fake, really can’t fake. The people’s eyes are discerning. " Maybe Dalai should read this netizen’s message.

Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development on Further Strengthening the Control of Dust on Construction Sites and Roads

General Office of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development on Further Strengthening
Notice of dust control on construction sites and roads
Jian ban zhi [2019] No.23

Housing and urban-rural development departments of all provinces and autonomous regions, housing and urban-rural development (management) committees of municipalities directly under the Central Government, urban management committees, urban management bureaus, greening and city appearance bureaus, and housing and urban-rural development bureaus of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps:

In order to thoroughly implement the supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought, and in strict accordance with the requirements of "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Strengthening Ecological Environmental Protection in an All-round Way and Resolutely Fighting Pollution Prevention and Control" and "Notice of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Three-year Action Plan to Win the Blue Sky Defence War" (Guo Fa [2018] No.22), we will further strengthen the dust control work on the construction sites and roads of municipal housing projects within the city. Relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:

First, fully understand the importance of dust control on construction sites and roads.

A good ecological environment is an inherent requirement for realizing the sustainable development of the Chinese nation and a priority area for improving people’s livelihood and well-being. Strengthening the protection of ecological environment, resolutely fighting the tough battle of pollution prevention and winning the blue sky defense war are the major decision-making arrangements of the party and the state, which are related to meeting the people’s growing needs for a better life, building a well-off society in an all-round way, high-quality economic development and the construction of beautiful China. Local housing and urban and rural construction departments at all levels and relevant departments should thoroughly implement the ecological civilization thought of the supreme leader, perform their duties and responsibilities, and further strengthen the dust control work on construction sites and roads, so as to significantly reduce the days of heavy pollution, significantly improve the ambient air quality, and significantly enhance people’s blue sky happiness.

Second, strictly implement the responsibility of dust control on the construction site

Local departments in charge of housing and urban and rural construction at all levels and relevant departments shall, in accordance with the provisions of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution, strengthen supervision according to laws and regulations, and strictly urge construction units and construction units to implement the responsibility of dust control at construction sites.

(a) the responsibility of the construction unit. The construction unit shall include the cost of preventing and controlling dust pollution in the project cost, and specify the responsibility of the construction unit for preventing and controlling dust pollution in the construction contract. The construction unit shall cover the exposed ground for the construction site that cannot be started temporarily; For more than three months, it shall be afforested, paved or covered.

(2) the responsibility of the construction unit. The construction unit shall formulate a specific implementation plan for the prevention and control of construction dust pollution, and publicize the information on the prevention and control measures of dust pollution, the person in charge and the competent department of dust supervision and management at the construction site. Construction units shall take effective measures to prevent dust and reduce dust pollution during construction, and do a good job in dust pollution prevention and control.

(3) The responsibilities of the regulatory authorities. According to the responsibilities determined by the local people’s government, the local competent departments of housing and urban and rural construction at all levels and relevant departments should strictly supervise the construction dust, strengthen the supervision and inspection of the construction site, and order the construction unit and the construction unit to make corrections and impose a fine in accordance with the regulations; Refuses to correct, shall be ordered to stop rectification. According to the requirements of the local people’s government’s emergency plan for heavily polluted weather, emergency measures are taken to stop the earthwork operation on the site and demolish the building.

Three, actively take measures to prevent dust and dust in the construction site.

Local competent departments of housing and urban and rural construction at all levels and relevant departments should strictly follow the provisions of the Standards for Safety Inspection of Building Construction and the Standards for Environment and Hygiene of Construction Sites, strengthen inspections and spot checks on construction sites, and urge construction units and construction units to actively take effective dust-proof and dust-reduction measures to improve the level of civilized construction and green construction.

(a) the construction site closed management. Within the city, the construction site of main road sections shall be provided with a closed enclosure with a height of not less than 2.5m, and the construction site of general road sections shall be provided with a closed enclosure with a height of not less than 1.8m. The enclosed enclosure of the construction site shall be firm, stable, neat and beautiful.

(2) Strengthen material management. Building materials, components and tools at the construction site shall be packed according to the general layout. Ready-mixed concrete and ready-mixed mortar should be used in the construction site within the specified area; The places where in-situ mixing concrete or mortar is used should be closed, dusted and noise reduced; Cement and other fine-grained building materials that are easy to fly should be sealed or covered.

(3) Pay attention to dust suppression. Measures should be taken to prevent dust in earthwork on the construction site, and the main roads should be cleaned and sprinkled regularly. When demolishing buildings or structures, noise reduction and dust reduction measures such as isolation and watering should be adopted, and wastes should be cleaned up in time. When milling, cutting and other operations are carried out during construction, effective dust prevention measures should be taken; Lime soil and inorganic binding materials should be ready-mixed and sprayed with water to reduce dust during rolling.

(four) hardening the road and cleaning the vehicle. The ground of the main roads and material processing areas on the construction site should be hardened, the roads should be smooth, and the pavement should be smooth and solid. Measures such as covering, curing or greening should be taken for exposed sites and piled earthwork. Vehicle washing facilities should be set up at the entrance and exit of the construction site, and the driven vehicles should be cleaned.

(five) removal of construction waste. Earthwork and construction waste should be transported by closed transport vehicles or covered measures. The construction waste in the building should be transported by instruments or pipelines, and it is strictly forbidden to throw it at will. It is forbidden to burn all kinds of wastes on the construction site.

(6) Strengthen monitoring. Encourage the construction site to install online monitoring and video monitoring equipment, and network with relevant local authorities. When the ambient air quality index reaches moderate or above pollution, the construction site should increase the frequency of sprinkling water, strengthen the covering measures, and reduce the construction work that is easy to cause air pollution.

Fourth, actively promote road dust control

Local housing and urban and rural construction (environmental sanitation) departments at all levels should strengthen the control of urban road dust, and take effective dust reduction and dust prevention measures to reduce road dust.

(a) the implementation of mechanized operations. Promote the mechanized operation mode of urban road cleaning and cleaning, and promote the steady improvement of road mechanized cleaning rate. By the end of 2020, the mechanized sweeping rate of roads in built-up areas of cities at or above the prefecture level will reach over 70%, and the county level will reach over 60%. The key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, the Yangtze River Delta region and the Fenwei Plain will be significantly improved.

(2) Optimize the cleaning process. Reasonably allocate the proportion of man-machine operation, standardize the cleaning procedures, and comprehensively use means such as flushing, brushing, sucking and sweeping to improve the quality and efficiency of urban road cleaning and effectively control road dust pollution.

(3) Accelerate the renewal of sanitation vehicles. Promote the use of new energy or clean energy vehicles for new and updated sanitation vehicles in urban built-up areas, and the proportion of key areas will reach 80%. Conditional areas can use new dust removal and sanitation vehicles.

(4) Strengthen the management of daily operations. Regularly carry out specific operations and safety awareness training for road sweeping and cleaning workers. Strengthen the supervision and management of urban road cleaning, and comprehensively use information technology and other means to ensure the quality of urban road cleaning.

V. Effectively strengthen safeguard measures

Local housing and urban and rural construction departments at all levels and relevant departments should improve their political stance, attach great importance to the dust control work on construction sites and roads, systematically plan and make overall arrangements, improve safeguard measures, enhance integrity and coordination, and effectively improve the dust pollution control capacity of construction sites and roads.

(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. Establish a responsibility system for dust control on construction sites and roads, formulate annual work plans and measures, refine the division of tasks, carefully organize their implementation, and compact the responsibilities layer by layer to ensure that all work is completed in a strong and orderly manner. Strict assessment of accountability, accountability for units and cadres with poor work, false responsibilities and outstanding problems in accordance with regulations, and praise and reward advanced models emerging in the work.

(2) Strengthen supervision and law enforcement. Rely on the rule of law to strengthen dust control in construction sites, and enhance the awareness of the construction unit and the construction unit of the rule of law on ecological environment protection. Those who violate the law on the prevention and control of air pollution will be severely punished according to the law and regulations. Establish a list of construction site management, and incorporate the bad information of dust management into the credit management system of the construction market. If the circumstances are serious, it will be included in the "blacklist" of the main body of the construction market.

(3) Strengthen scientific and technological support. Focusing on the requirements of dust control in construction sites, we will focus on the objectives and problems, gather scientific research resources, organize excellent scientific research teams, carry out key projects to tackle key problems in science and technology, and strengthen the application of scientific and technological achievements. Strengthen the main responsibility of dust control in enterprise construction sites, and promote the cultivation and development of scientific and technological innovation ability of enterprises. Strengthen the research on green construction, actively promote new construction methods, and accelerate the development of prefabricated buildings.

(4) Strengthen publicity and education. Actively carry out various forms of industry publicity and education to enhance the awareness of ecological environmental protection in the whole industry. Popularize the knowledge of dust control on construction sites and roads, and incorporate relevant regulations into the education and training of employees. Give full play to the role of media guidance and public supervision, create an atmosphere of public opinion, and unite social consensus. Actively publicize laws and regulations, policy documents, work trends and experiences, and respond to hot and difficult issues of concern to the masses in a timely manner.

General Office of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China
April 9, 2019

(This piece is made public voluntarily)

New Year’s Eve: The Most Important Meal in Chinese

Xiaoli/Hua

When the taste buds taste all the joys and sorrows of the world, and when the copied delicious food is at your fingertips, we miss the time that we can’t go back, and the simplicity and sweetness contained in the home-cooked taste. It may be a simple plate of fried radish balls, a bowl of handmade noodles with poached eggs, and a plate of dumplings, which are neither complicated nor expensive. But deep down, we always know that this is a taste that can never be sold or replaced.

——————

At the beginning of the new year, "this year’s New Year’s Eve must be booked early! The long-lost taste of the year is in this meal. "Such words come to my face. The New Year’s Eve dinner is always the most important meal in Chinese. It not only symbolizes family reunion, but also is a year-end summary of the years-the old year has come to an end at this moment, and the new year will start a new chapter.

In this meal, I don’t know how many fireworks in the depths of memory are carried-the taste of my mother when I was a child, the gathering of friends wandering alone, and the family gathering after time flies. From the flavor of hometown to the flavor of north and south, there are several similarities and differences, all of which are marked with the brand of time and growth. New Year’s Eve, like a family portrait, records the moments of gathering emotions again and again and is mounted on the wall of time.

"New Year’s Eve" in time: the taste of a cook with his own hands

My hometown is in Henan, and my diet is generally biased towards pasta. When I was a child, fresh fish and shrimp were not common. The most common thing I ate during Chinese New Year was "braised vegetables". Cut all the chickens, silver carp and tenderloin, which are one meter long, into pieces, marinate them and fry them in oil pan. The fried things need to be packed in pots, and the weight is amazing. They are similar themes of New Year’s Eve dinner every year.

When grandpa was alive, he cooked the annual New Year’s Eve dinner. He put the fried chicken, fish and crispy meat in a celadon bowl, added a little water, put the onion, ginger slices and star anise, and steamed them in a big pot. Steam until the inside and outside are crisp and rotten, and you can take off the bones with a sip, and you can serve.

There is often a bowl of sweet rice in the steamer, which is for children. It is similar to the eight-treasure rice in the southern region. It is steamed with glutinous rice, raisins and red dates and can only be eaten during the New Year. In addition, there are several cold dishes, such as shallots mixed with tofu, mixed with fungus, stewed pig ears, roast chicken and so on.

When I was a child, I was at my grandparents’ house, eating New Year’s Eve dinner and listening to firecrackers far and near outside. When the firecrackers became more and more intensive, and the TV hosts lined up in a line, beaming with auspicious words, jiaozi, who was stuffed with Chinese cabbage and pork, went out of the pot, ate a bowl of soup with water, then fell asleep and woke up, and it was the new year.

During the Spring Festival, grandma also likes steaming jujube buns and frying Ye Er. Squeeze the steamed bun into various shapes, including flowers, snakes and frogs, which are simple and lovely. I have never learned this craft, and I will never have another chance in the future. Fried hemp Ye Er is similar to fried dumplings, except that it is flaky, golden and crisp, and the more you chew it, the more fragrant it becomes. There are two flavors, sweet sprinkled with sesame seeds and salty dipped in sesame salt, which are children’s favorite.

Later, I came to work and live in Shanghai. If I can’t go home during the Chinese New Year, I will try to cook by myself. Apart from jiaozi, I can barely cook a few less authentic side dishes, such as braised pork, grilled crucian carp with scallion, pickled fresh, etc. Although the taste is average, I am grateful enough for a new year’s eve dinner with meat and vegetables and friends.

In the traditional New Year’s Eve dinner of Shanghai locals, several delightful dishes are essential-cold dishes such as white-cut chicken, four-happiness baked bran, local smoked fish, and stir-fried dishes such as sweet and sour pork ribs and fried shrimp. Sixi baked bran means "getting rich", boiled chicken means "good luck", and sweet and sour pork ribs, fried shrimp and a hot soup dish are "family photos". The casserole of hot soup dishes is full of egg dumplings, bacon, meatballs and yellow sprouts … According to a friend in Shanghai, when she was a child, egg dumplings were all made by herself. A special iron spoon with a long handle is used as a tool, and the skin of the egg dumplings can’t be broken. If it is broken, it can’t be served, because the egg dumplings are shaped like a gold ingot and used as the finale of the family photo. Only when they are complete can they win a good title.

A friend lives in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, and her family must eat shrimp (winding), bean sprouts (Italian food) and fish (leading with tail) for the New Year’s Eve dinner, not to mention the taste. Just hearing this, the atmosphere of the New Year is suddenly full.

Southerners generally pay more attention to their minds and then head south. Guangdong people call this New Year’s Eve meal "reunion dinner". Before eating, you should worship your ancestors and offer incense sticks. Every dish on the table is exquisite for good luck. Xiamen people eat hot pot, and a pot means "one product is rich". In contrast, in the north, the form is lighter and the content is heavier. Except for a bowl of "jiaozi", the others can do whatever they want.

I once had a New Year’s Eve dinner in Heilongjiang, and the biggest feeling was that they really loved stews. In addition to "hard dishes" such as pot-wrapped meat, skin jelly and blood sausage, there are at least one or two or even three or four sea bowls on the table, which are filled with big stews filled with soup and water. Common stewed mushrooms with chicken, stewed vermicelli with three scales (a kind of cold-water carp, with less scales and less thorns and thicker meat), stewed pork belly with sauerkraut, and stewed pork-killing dishes, and then pasted a circle of big cakes from yellow wheat, with rice, soup and vegetables all in one pot. Of course, this is a more local way to eat.

I once asked them why they love stews so much, and the answer was that the temperature in the northeast was too low. When there was no central heating before, in winter, it was almost impossible to cook small dishes at home. After this dish is fried, that dish will be cold. It is better to stew a large pot of hot soup and eat it comfortably. The whole family sat on the kang and ate together, and it felt more lively.

Guizhou people want to eat pickled vegetables, fried bacon, sour bamboo shoots, pickled peppers and boiled fish during the New Year, which is sour, spicy and unpleasant; In addition to the "raw salted seafood" that Chaoshan people are good at, they will also hold out the "New Year’s Eve" of rice. Sichuanese will say, "We have not only hot pot, but also salty and sweet …" Although they are different, when it comes to New Year’s Eve, the most memorable thing is always the taste of home when I was a child.

"New Year’s Eve" keeping pace with the times: choose old brands and prepared dishes at will.

Although it is lively and festive to have a reunion dinner at home on New Year’s Eve, there is always someone working silently behind happiness. When parents are getting older, young people are not good at cooking because of their busy work, and they don’t have the heart to manage a big table of time-consuming and laborious New Year’s Eve dinner, it can also be a convenient and grand choice for the whole family to eat out together.

When it comes to eating out, there are more choices, especially in big cities, where the barrier between cuisines is only one road away. Whether to eat seafood dinner or hot pot, choose light Cantonese cuisine or solid local cuisine, can be rich and frugal by people.

It is hard to find a table for the "Chinese time-honored brand" New Year’s Eve dinner. Xinghualou Restaurant, a time-honored Chinese restaurant in Shanghai, has always been the first choice for Shanghai people’s traditional New Year’s Eve dinner. It focuses on the style of Cantonese cuisine, and absorbs the strengths of this local cuisine. Its reputation and quality for decades have attracted a group of loyal "fans". According to the manager of Xinghualou, some old guests enjoyed themselves. As soon as last year’s New Year’s Eve meal was finished, they turned around and decided on this year’s dinner. Aunt Liu, who booked the New Year’s Eve dinner early, said that a kung fu dish like Babao glutinous rice duck, instead of tearing apart the bones at home, carefully selecting more than a dozen ingredients, and then spending most of the day steaming slowly, might as well order one directly in the restaurant.

It is understood that more than a month ago, the New Year’s Eve dinner in Xinghualou was robbed. Other established restaurants, such as Yuyuan Green Wave Gallery Restaurant, Wang Baohe Hotel and Golden Age Shunfeng, are also popular, and the lobby and boxes are also fully booked in the morning, which is quite popular.

The flavor of the prepared dishes is not diminished. As a new trend of catering consumption, the rise of prefabricated dishes in the past two years can be described as hot. On the one hand, it solves the problem of inconvenience in buying food and eating out during the epidemic, and at the same time provides a nutritious and simple diet for busy migrant workers.

Especially, with many time-honored restaurants joining the prefabricated vegetable market and launching their own brand of prefabricated dishes, the quality and flavor of the dishes have been qualitatively improved. Over the past two years, a small white kitchen like me has always prepared some prefabricated dishes in the refrigerator, such as crystal shrimps and hand-grabbed lamb chops in Xinghualou, elegant beef in oyster sauce and white-leaf knots, chicken soup with pepper and pork tripe, chicken coconut, roasted fish with green pepper with Sichuan flavor, mutton soup and stiff bones in Inner Mongolia, etc., all of which are frequent visitors in the freezer. When eating, you can add some seasonal vegetables and mushrooms according to your own preferences, which is simple and quick, and no seasoning is needed. Therefore, I also call prefabricated dishes lazy dishes, because they are so suitable for lazy people.

As the Spring Festival is Approaching, take a grocery shopping app as an example, where you can buy the signature dishes of "Green Wave Gallery" such as Squirrel Mandarin Fish and "Cai Changqing" such as metapenaeus ensis drunk with plum, as well as fried chicken with soy sauce in Taotaoju, Guangzhou, and fried bread crabs in typhoon shelters.

If you don’t know how to choose, it’s more worry-free to simply buy a whole set of gift boxes, such as the New Year’s Eve gift box launched by the old Shanghai hotel. The price is divided into different grades of several hundred to 1,000 yuan, and there are eight, ten and sixteen different combinations of local dishes. Chicken, shrimp, fish, meat, staple food and dessert are all available and properly arranged.

These time-honored pre-made dishes all adopt advanced fresh-keeping technology, trying to keep the color and fragrance of the food at the moment of production, and each dish is marked with gram weight, so that consumers can see at a glance. Before eating, you only need to use a steamer or an air fryer for simple processing, and you can have a feast in ten or twenty minutes. On New Year’s Eve, a novice can become a chef in seconds. 

The times are progressing so fast that it is dizzying. There are always faster ways to advance and change our lives. However, the more modern people choose and see, the more we will miss the distant truth hidden in the depths of memory.

When the delicious copy is at your fingertips, distance is no longer a problem; When the taste buds taste the ups and downs of the world, we miss the time that we can’t go back, and the simplicity and sweetness contained in the taste of home. It may be a simple plate of fried radish balls, a bowl of handmade noodles with poached eggs, and a plate of dumplings, which are neither complicated nor expensive. But deep down, we always know that this is a taste that can never be sold or replaced.

Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development: Over the past decade, more than 59 million sets of affordable housing and shanty towns have been built.

  CCTV News:On September 14th, the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee held a series of press conferences on the theme of "Ten Years in China". Jiang Wanrong, Vice Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, introduced the high-quality development measures and achievements of housing and urban-rural construction in the new era and answered questions from reporters.

Jiang Wanrong, vice minister of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said at the press conference on September 14th that this decade is the decade with the largest scale and the largest investment in the construction of affordable housing projects in China’s history, and hundreds of millions of people are happy to live in peace. We regard speeding up the construction of the housing security system as an important task to meet the basic housing needs of the masses and realize that all people live in a proper place, and strive to ensure the people’s livelihood. The housing security system has been continuously improved, the construction of affordable housing has been steadily promoted, the transformation of shanty towns has been vigorously implemented, the beneficiary groups of housing provident fund have been gradually expanded, and the housing security capacity has been continuously enhanced. In the past ten years, a total investment of 14.8 trillion yuan has been completed, and more than 59 million sets of affordable housing and shanty towns have been rebuilt and resettled. Families with low-income and low-income housing difficulties have basically realized their insurance coverage, and more than 140 million people have a dream of living in peace.

Live up to the spring, work hard, and push forward the high-quality development with new atmosphere and new actions.

CCTV News:On the second day of the Tomb-Sweeping Day holiday, the national traffic was running smoothly and orderly; Hiking, flower viewing and traditional cultural theme activities have all become new hot spots in tourism consumption; Third-and fourth-tier cities have become "dark horses" during the Qingming holiday, which has unexpectedly gained high popularity. Economically, China’s commodity price index rebounded slightly in March from the previous month, and the market operation showed a recovery trend; In March this year, the top 100 real estate enterprises achieved a sales transaction amount of 358.32 billion yuan, a substantial increase of 92.8% from the previous month; In 2023, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s total economic output exceeded 14 trillion yuan, and its comprehensive strength reached a higher level. China is full of vitality in spring.

Various policies to stabilize the economy continued to exert their strength. Greater Bay Area’s comprehensive strength has reached a new level.

China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing announced China’s commodity price index for March on April 5th. In March, China’s commodity price index was 112 points, slightly rising from the previous month, indicating that with the continuous efforts of various stable economic policies, downstream consumption gradually picked up and the market operation showed a recovery trend.

In March, China’s commodity price index was 112 points, a slight increase of 0.6% from the previous month. In terms of industries, the price indices of nonferrous metals and chemicals rose month-on-month, especially for nonferrous metals, which rose by 3.6% month-on-month. The chemical price index rose for three consecutive months.

Among the 50 commodities monitored by China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing, compared with last month, the prices of 23 commodities rose in March. The top three varieties with price increases were lithium carbonate, palm oil and refined nickel, which increased by 15.2%, 8.8% and 4.9% respectively from last month.

In addition, the black price index in March fell by 6.7% month-on-month, indicating that the prices of ferrous metals such as steel were lower. Experts said that it was mainly affected by the shortage of funds, the low operating rate of construction projects and the slowdown in raw material procurement of steel mills. With the further implementation of the policy of steady growth, the allocation of capital construction funds and special national debt funds is accelerated, and the demand in the steel market is expected to improve, and prices may rebound after bottoming out in stages.

Experts said that judging from the operation of China’s commodity price index, the index rebounded slightly from the low level in March, indicating that with the continuous efforts of various stable economic policies, market confidence has recovered, downstream consumption has gradually picked up, and economic operation has shown a recovery trend.

Real estate market observation: sales of top 100 real estate enterprises have picked up.

According to the data of Kerui, a third-party research institution, in March this year, the top 100 real estate enterprises achieved a sales transaction amount of 358.32 billion yuan, a substantial increase of 92.8% from the previous month. The latest data released by the Central Finger Research Institute also shows that the monthly sales of the top 100 real estate enterprises increased by 117.3% in March. Although the statistics between institutions are different, it is a common judgment that sales picked up in March. 

According to the statistics of relevant institutions, up to now, at least 152 easing policies have been issued nationwide, with the frequency increasing by about 40% year-on-year. In the eyes of the industry, the main tone of the future real estate policy will remain unchanged, and the expectation of market recovery will continue to increase.

Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s comprehensive strength has reached a new level, and its total economic output has exceeded 14 trillion yuan.

Since 2017, "Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area" has been written into the government work report for eight consecutive years. This year coincides with the fifth anniversary of the release of the Outline of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Development Plan. In 2023, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s economic aggregate exceeded 14 trillion yuan, creating one-ninth of the country’s economic aggregate with less than 0.6% of the country’s land area, and its comprehensive strength reached a new level.

In 2018, the total economic output of Greater Bay Area was 10.8 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.2 trillion yuan in five years. With the in-depth implementation of the Outline of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Development Plan, Guangdong has joined hands with Hong Kong and Macao to speed up the construction of a world-class Greater Bay Area and the best-developed Bay Area, with remarkable results.

The ability of scientific and technological innovation has been continuously improved. The construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area International Science and Technology Innovation Center, Comprehensive National Science Center and High-level Talents Highland has been comprehensively promoted, and Pengcheng Laboratory and Guangzhou Laboratory have been laid out one after another. Greater Bay Area has over 75,000 state-level high-tech enterprises, and a number of leading technology enterprises such as Huawei, Tencent, BYD, Midea and Gree have emerged. Shenzhen &mdash; Hong Kong &mdash; Guangzhou science and technology cluster ranked second in the world for four consecutive years.

The internal and external communication networks have been accelerated and improved. The annual passenger handling capacity of Greater Bay Area airport group exceeds 280 million passengers, and the annual container handling capacity of port group exceeds 85 million TEUs. The airline network covers major cities and major trade ports in the world. "Greater Bay Area on the track" is more perfect, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge has been completed and put into operation, and the major cities in Greater Bay Area have basically achieved one-hour access.

The construction of major cooperation platforms was accelerated. Hengqin was officially closed for operation on March 1st this year, Qianhai issued the first investor protection regulations in China, Nansha has landed on the three major exchanges of futures, shipping and data, and the comprehensive service base for China enterprises to "go global" was unveiled for operation. The level of market integration has gradually improved, and a number of landmark issues such as "Bay Area Social Security Link", "Cross-border Financial Management Link" and "Cross-border Government Services Link" have been implemented, and the "Bay Area Standards" jointly promulgated by the three places have reached 183.

Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s huge market and development opportunities are attracting a number of foreign investors and foreign companies to speed up their layout. At the just-held "Investing in China Year" in Guangdong, 74 foreign-funded cooperation projects were reached with a total investment of 90.5 billion yuan, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area created 1/9 of the country’s total economic output with a land area of 0.6%.

Qingming "spring+culture""Bloom new vitality of consumption

Traffic during the Qingming holiday is smooth and orderly.

Today (April 5) is the second day of the Qingming holiday, and the national traffic is running smoothly and orderly. Starting from tomorrow, the whole country will welcome the return passenger flow, and the transportation department will take many measures to ensure the safety of travel.

The reporter learned from the Ministry of Transport that today, it is estimated that the cross-regional mobility of the whole society will exceed 224 million person-times. Among them, the railway passenger traffic is expected to be 12.65 million, the highway passenger flow is expected to be 209 million, the waterway passenger traffic is expected to be 1 million, and the civil aviation passenger traffic is expected to be 1.62 million.

In popular tourist cities, the railway departments have reconnected EMU trains, increased exit passages at stations, and sent more staff to divert passenger flow during peak hours to reduce passenger congestion.

On the highway side, the traffic volume of the national highway network decreased slightly today compared with yesterday. The traffic flow in major parks, suburban tourist attractions, cemeteries and cemeteries increased, and the traffic pressure on surrounding roads increased. The transportation department increased the frequency of connecting scenic spots with bus lines.

The transportation department reminded that the return passenger flow will be ushered in the whole country from tomorrow, and the free time of the national highway minibus will end at 24: 00 on the 6 th. The toll-free time is based on the time when the vehicle leaves the expressway exit toll lane.

Culture+Empowerment Stimulates New Vitality of Tourism Consumption

During the Qingming holiday, hiking, flower viewing and traditional cultural theme activities have all become new hot spots of tourism consumption.

During the Qingming holiday, red tourism is booming everywhere, with short-distance tours and go on road trip as the main trends. Small cities with regional airports have become emerging tourist destinations, and various new scenes and new ways of playing have driven the comprehensive consumption growth of hotels, restaurants and so on.

During the Qingming holiday, in Hunan, a number of traditional non-legacy opera cultural programs such as Changde Sixian and Changde Hanju were staged on the stage of Yuanyang Zoumalou, which attracted many citizens and tourists.

In Jiangxi, tourists go into tea gardens to learn the techniques and processes of tea picking, and start a journey of searching for tea. In Henan, night tours such as underwater peony mermaid show have attracted many tourists. In Qinghai, based on the unique apricot blossom landscape on the plateau, a series of activities such as national song and dance performances were held. In Jiangsu, the "Legend of the Yangtze River" cruise ship was launched for the first time, and tourists walked along the river to enjoy the beautiful scenery on both sides. According to statistics, on the first day of the Qingming holiday, 634 A-level tourist attractions and 195 key rural tourist villages above the provincial level in Jiangsu Province received a total of 5.1455 million tourists, and the total consumption of tourists reached 2.014 billion yuan. In Hubei, more than 600 A-level scenic spots under key monitoring received 1,792,800 tourists, an increase of 18.16% over the same period last year.

Travel monitoring shows that there are many highlights in flower viewing and outing tourism.

During the Qingming holiday, we went to a flower viewing appointment, and the tourism consumption led by flowers also released new vitality. According to the big data platform of china tourism academy Wenlv, the search volume of "flower viewing" ranks first, and the bookings of major flower viewing bases and scenic spots are also growing rapidly. According to the latest travel monitoring in china tourism academy, this spring, there are many bright spots in the domestic flower-viewing tour.

Boil the taste of spring into the hot pot. In Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan and other places, the newly launched Huatian hot pot this year staged a table-grabbing battle over the weekend.

Soak the taste of spring in tea soup and coffee. In Jiangxi, Hunan, Zhejiang and other places, cooking tea around the flower field and coffee in the flower field with the fragrance of rape flowers all bring visitors novel experiences.

In addition, the beautiful scenery of spring can also be fixed in the frame. In Xidi Ancient Village, a world cultural heritage in yi county, Anhui Province, the rape blossoms and peach blossoms in the mountains and plains usher in the best viewing period. In the picture frames of sketch lovers, streams, ancient villages, houses and flowers form a special spring day limit here.

Spring vitality is also reflected in the wheels. In Chenggu and Yangxian in Hanzhong, Shaanxi, Xinjin in Chengdu, Mianyang Yanting in Sichuan, Pukou in Nanjing, Jiangsu and other places, a cycling team is ushered in on the urban greenway step by step, full of vitality interweaving through the mountains and waters full of spring.

"The national wind flowers."Hanfu rental business with high heat and fire

During this Qingming holiday, "enjoying flowers in the national style" has become a new topic on the consumption platform. At this time, more people put on Hanfu, walked beside the ancient buildings such as city walls, and took a set of "flower season limited" flower viewing photos. Since March, the number of notes on the topic of "National Wind Appreciating Flowers" has increased by more than four times.

The top five destinations for "national wind flower viewing" are to see magnolia in Faxi Temple, Wuxi Yuantouzhu, Guangzhou Guangxiao Temple, Guangfulin Cultural Site in Shanghai and Tiefo Temple in Huzhou, Zhejiang. "Flower viewing in the national style" has also brought fire to Hanfu rental business. On the life service platform, the search volume of popular words such as "Hanfu makeup", "Hanfu photo" and "Hanfu rental" has increased by more than twice.

Is there really moisture in the export data? Macro of investment promotion: the export growth rate in the whole year is likely to be positive, and the export growth rate will show a trend of "first de

  Text | China Merchants Macro Zhang Jingjing Team


  Core view


  Under the trend of global economic slowdown, China’s exports exceeded market expectations for two consecutive months, and the market gradually questioned the authenticity of export data. Does the export growth rate exceed expectations mean that the export data is really wet? In other words, is there really no micro-foundation for the export data in March and April? This paper attempts to answer the above questions from multiple angles and state a more objective export view on the basis of multi-dimensional analysis..


  The main reason for the high growth rate in March and April is by no means from false reports.Judging from the export "counterfeiting" incident announced in previous years, even excluding the conventional false data, the cumulative export amount from January to April this year was as high as more than 7630 billion yuan, and the cumulative export growth rate was about 10%, which was only 0.5 percentage points lower than the cumulative export growth rate announced by the General Administration of Customs.


  Compared with industrial export delivery value, the export volume is more representative of the real export. In March and April this year, the growth rate of export delivery value and the total export volume showed a big deviation, but this is not evidence of false export data.1) The definitions of export delivery value and total export are quite different; 2) From a long period of time, the growth rate of export delivery value and the growth rate of total exports are similar, but for a short period of time, it is not uncommon for them to deviate from each other. In many months, the growth rate of total exports is higher than that of export delivery value. 3) Compared with export delivery value, the monthly growth rate of export volume has obviously changed, which is mainly caused by the statistical method of export volume. 4) It can also be seen from the export sub-items and PMI indicators that the export in March and April did not mainly depend on the industrial enterprises on the regulations.


  Does the deviation of import and export growth rate beyond market expectations mean that the authenticity of export data is suspicious?The main commodity structure of China’s import and export is quite different. In the case of PPI price disturbance, the growth rate of import and export often deviates, not only in March and April. Not only is there a divergence in the growth rate of imports and exports in China, but the growth rates of the United States, Japan, the European Union and South Korea, as the main final consumer goods countries, often deviate, and more often, the growth rate of imports is greater than that of exports, which is mutually evidenced by China’s role as a big producer.


  The difference between the data published by the importing country and the data published by the importing country may be more due to statistical standards, re-export trade of some products and other factors than false reporting.1) China’s exports to Singapore and Vietnam are obviously larger than the imports from China announced by the other side, which is mainly due to the existence of entrepot trade. 2) The amount of imports from China announced by the United States and the European Union is also different from the amount of trade exported to the United States and the European Union by China. In addition to the conventional factors such as differences in statistical standards, time differences and entrepot trade, China is also a big country of final consumer goods. In recent years,’s exports to the United States-the United States imports from China and China exports to the European Union-the European Union imports from China are not the same. The possible reasons are as follows: First, American importers deliberately understate their imports from China to avoid import tariff sanctions. Compared with 2016 and 2017, the difference between China’s exports to the United States and the United States imports from China since 2018 is obvious. Second, compared with other countries, the energy crisis in Europe is more serious in 2022, and the freight for the import and export of goods is obviously higher, which directly causes the EU’s import from China-China’s export to the EU to jump sharply, and other trade exchanges such as South Korea and Europe have the same trend.


  The reason why export performance exceeds market expectations is more the result of diversification of export commodity structure and export destination.1) The high growth rate of export in March was mainly the comprehensive result of the release of the backlog of export orders in the previous period and the effective purchase of orders abroad. In April, export delivery value jumped from-5.4% of the previous value to 0.7%, and exports were more contributed by the shipment value produced in the current period. 2) The structure of China’s main export commodities has obviously gradually moved closer to that before the epidemic, and the advantage of complete industrial chain can indeed enable enterprises to switch commodity structures to adapt to global demand in a relatively short period of time. Compared with that before the epidemic, the contribution of automobiles (including chassis) and auto parts to the total export volume has been on the rise, which has also become the main commodity driving export growth. 3) Thanks to China’s active participation in regional trade, expansion of trade network and continuous deepening of economic and trade cooperation with non-European and American countries, the "Belt and Road", ASEAN, Russia and other non-European and American countries have significantly increased the driving force for China’s export growth.


  We believe that the shift in export growth does not mean that the export growth rate will continue to decline this year.Judging from the PMI index published in China and the export base last year, we believe that the export growth rate will change gears continuously from May to July. However, there is a high probability that the annual export growth rate will still be positive, and the export growth rate from May to December will show a trend of "falling first and then rising".


  main body


  One,In the past, there were indeed false reports on export data, but the main reason for the high growth rate in March and April was by no means false reports.


  Just talking about the authenticity of the data, the State Administration of Taxation will announce the punishment of false reporting of export data and tax fraud every year, which shows that there is indeed the possibility of false reporting of export data, but it is untenable to classify the reasons for exceeding expectations in March and April as false reporting.The false export data is more for tax fraud. Since August 2018, the State Administration of Taxation, together with the Ministry of Public Security, the General Administration of Customs, the People’s Bank of China and other departments, has continued to carry out regular work to crack down on tax fraud. In the context of cracking down on export false reports, there are still criminals who falsely report export data through various means. Since the government has not published the amount of tax recovery from export tax fraud in a specific period of time in detail, we might as well calculate from the export "counterfeiting" incident announced in previous years. In April 2022, the State Taxation Bureau announced that since the special action to crack down on illegal tax fraud was launched in August 2018, by the end of March 2022, the tax authorities had recovered 34.6 billion yuan of national tax losses by investigating and dealing with illegal export tax fraud. According to this rough calculation, about 10 billion yuan of export tax rebates were recovered every year. In addition, the proportion of export tax rebate in total exports is basically maintained in the range of 8%-10%. Based on this, the accumulated amount of export false reports in January-April this year is about 34 billion-42.5 billion.Even excluding the conventional false data, the cumulative export amount from January to April this year was as high as more than 7.63 trillion yuan, and the cumulative export growth rate was about 10%, which was only 0.5 percentage points lower than the cumulative export growth rate announced by the General Administration of Customs.


  In addition, at present, there are mainly two ways to falsely report exports: first, the government actively injects water to falsely report; second, enterprises forge export orders to defraud taxes; third, enterprises set up offshore companies or blend trading partners to defraud taxes through the continuous link of "exporting to domestic sales". We speculate that there are four reasons why the probability of large-scale false reporting of export data in March and April is small:


  1) In March this year, the cumulative amount of export tax rebate announced by the Ministry of Finance was 553.1 billion yuan, which was significantly higher than last year’s 497.1 billion yuan. It is worth noting that the Notice of the State Council on Issues Related to Improving the Burden Mechanism of Export Tax Refund shows that since January 1, 2015, all export tax rebates (including VAT refund for export goods and VAT refund for business tax) will be borne by the central government, and the export tax rebate base originally borne by local governments in 2014 will be paid to the central government in a fixed amount. If local customs or governments cheat taxes by falsely reporting export data, they need to forge bills in multiple links. Unless the central government is willing to subsidize local governments in disguise in this way, it is difficult to escape the examination.


  2) As mentioned earlier, even in the stricter export "counterfeiting" supervision, some enterprises still cheat tax refund by forging export orders, but there is no reason for enterprises to choose to focus on a large number of false reports in March and April, especially at present, they are in the downward period of exports, and the false reports of export orders of micro-enterprises are more likely to be suspected.


  3) Under the background that the full invoice pilot is gradually launched and the fourth phase of golden tax is about to be launched, the tax collection and management system has gradually changed from "managing tax by votes" to "managing tax by numbers", that is, relying on big data for tax governance. Under stricter supervision, the difficulty of export tax fraud has greatly increased.


  4) In addition to falsifying data, another common tax fraud method at this stage is "export to domestic sales", that is, setting up offshore companies or blending trading partners, exporting A goods abroad at a high price, and then importing A goods into China at a low price, thus earning the difference between export tax rebate and customs duties. Generally speaking, this method is not easy for micro enterprises to find, but from the breakdown data of commodities, we can see that among the main commodity structures of import and export, only the import prices of integrated circuits and refined oil in April are significantly lower than the export prices, and because the growth rate of import and export of integrated circuits is less than zero, even if there is tax fraud, it cannot be the main driving force for the overall export growth rate to exceed expectations. The difference between the import and export prices of refined oil products is mainly due to the downward trend of crude oil prices, which is far from the export tax fraud. Except for integrated circuits and refined oil products, the export prices of other commodities are often lower than the import prices, so the argument that a large number of export growth rates are pushed up by "exporting to domestic sales" is not established.


  Is there any moisture in the export data?


  Is there any moisture in the export data?


  Second,Compared with industrial export delivery value, the export value is more representative of real export.


  When observing exports, the market tends to pay more attention to two indicators: export delivery value and total exports. In March and April this year, the export growth rate of these two indicators showed a big deviation, and we don’t think this can be used as evidence to suspect that the export data is false.


  1) The definitions of export delivery value and total exports are different.Specifically: First, the reporting period is different. export delivery value is the value of products produced in this period, handed over to foreign trade management departments or self-export in this period, while the total export value is the total value of products exported in this period, not necessarily produced in this period; Second, the statistical scope is different. export delivery value is a product (both local and foreign) produced by industrial enterprises and handed over to foreign trade management departments. The total export value is the value of products exported by all foreign trade management units and industrial enterprises. It is worth noting that some products included in export delivery value may be sold at home after being traded by foreign trade management departments, thus not being exported; Third, the calculation method is different. export delivery value only calculates the processing fee for the products processed with imported materials, while the total export amount is calculated at the full price of the exported products. Fourth, the prices are different. The products handed over to the foreign trade management department in export delivery value are calculated according to the purchase price of the foreign trade management department, and the total export amount is calculated according to the FOB price.


  2) From a long period of time, the growth rate of export delivery value and the growth rate of total exports are similar, but in a short period of time, it is not uncommon for them to deviate from each other. In many months, the growth rate of total exports is higher than that of export delivery value.Compared with the total export volume, export delivery value’s statistical scope is smaller and it doesn’t necessarily include the completed export. Therefore, in academic research, the indicator of export delivery value is often used to examine whether the micro participates in the export, and the specific transaction behavior to measure the overall export still uses the export volume.


  3) Compared with export delivery value, the monthly growth rate of export volume has obviously changed, which is mainly caused by the statistical method of export volume.The statistical process of import and export data of customs goods is extremely "microscopic". When the import and export goods pass through the customs, the specific consignor or consignee must declare the documents to the customs, and the customs declaration will list all kinds of basic information of the goods (such as quantity, amount, destination and other information). After obtaining these customs declarations, the customs will screen out the customs declaration data that meet the statistical conditions, and directly calculate other sub-items such as import and export data and commodity structure on this basis. In the whole process, the customs mainly plays the role of statistics, and does not need other data to calculate. In other words, the data on the customs declaration submitted by the customs will directly enter the customs database and become the basic data of the customs import and export accounting, which is also doomed to a large monthly fluctuation of export data.


  Is there any moisture in the export data?


  In addition, it can be seen from the export sub-items and PMI indicators that the exports in March and April did not mainly depend on the regulated industrial enterprises.According to the export data by enterprise type, compared with state-owned enterprises, collective enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises, the cumulative export of other types of enterprises (mainly private enterprises) rebounded significantly in March compared with the same period of last year. From the index of PMI new export orders, the increase of PMI new export orders of small enterprises was the most obvious in January and February, and once surpassed that of large enterprises in February. Small enterprises other than industrial enterprises are still an important force to drive exports. This can also explain to a certain extent that it is not surprising that export delivery value and the export volume deviated in March and April.


  Is there any moisture in the export data?


  Is there any moisture in the export data?


  Third,Does the deviation of import and export growth rate beyond market expectations mean that the authenticity of export data is suspicious?


  At present, China is still a major producer in the world, and the growth rates of imports and exports are synchronized in most of the time. However, because of the great differences in the structure of major commodities of imports and exports, in the case of PPI price disturbance, the growth rates of imports and exports often deviate, not only in March and April.When PPI is at a low level year-on-year, "price" has a great drag on the total import volume, and the export growth rate is often significantly higher than the import growth rate; On the contrary, when PPI is at a high level, "price" becomes the main pulling item of total imports, and the growth rate of imports is obviously higher than that of exports. At present, PPI is at a low point in the historical quantile, so it is natural that the export growth rate is greater than the import growth rate.


  In fact, it is not only our country that the growth rate of import and export deviates, but also the United States, Japan, the European Union and South Korea, which are the main final consumer goods countries, often deviate from each other. More often, the growth rate of imports is greater than that of exports, which is mutually evidenced by China’s role as a big producer.


  Is there any moisture in the export data?


  Is there any moisture in the export data?


  Is there any moisture in the export data?


  Fourth,The difference between the data published by the importing country and the data published by the importing country may be more due to statistical standards, re-export trade of some products and other factors than false reporting.


  Because we use the total amount of FOB goods for export statistics, and the total amount of FOB goods or CIF goods for import statistics for export destinations from China, there is a gap between the two, such as freight and other expenses. Generally speaking, the total amount of China’s exports to export destinations should be less than the total amount of China’s imports from export destinations, but this is not the case.


  China’s exports to Singapore and Vietnam are obviously larger than the imports from China announced by the other side, which is mainly due to the existence of entrepot trade.From the perspective of specific commodities, the difference between China and Singapore is mainly contributed by plastic products, clothing and its accessories, luggage and similar containers, furniture and its parts in labor-intensive products, household appliances, auto parts, lamps and general machinery and equipment in mechanical and electrical products, but this phenomenon does not exist in other commodities, especially high-tech commodities. The difference between China and Vietnam is mainly contributed by plastic products and textile yarns, fabrics and their products in labor-intensive products. In 2021, the total statistical difference between the two types of goods is 5.5 billion US dollars, accounting for 69% of the statistical difference of labor-intensive products in 2021.


  In addition, as important countries of final consumer goods, the amount of imports from China announced by the United States and the European Union is also different from the amount of trade exported to two countries or regions by China, which is mainly caused by many factors such as statistical standards, time differences, transportation costs and tariff sanctions.From the historical data, with the end of 2019 as the dividing point, since 2020, the difference between China’s exports to the United States and the United States’ imports from China has turned from negative to positive. From the perspective of commodities, it is mainly contributed by labor-intensive plastic products, furniture and its parts, clothing and its accessories, lamps and lighting devices and their parts in electromechanical commodities and household appliances. On the contrary, the difference between China’s exports to the EU and the EU’s imports from China has been in the normal fluctuation range of positive and negative for a long time, and this difference began to turn negative in 2022. From the perspective of specific commodities, the average export value of other commodities except furniture spare parts is smaller than the EU’s imports from China, and this gap has obviously increased since 2022.In addition to the conventional factors such as differences in statistical standards, time differences and entrepot trade, China is also a big country of final consumer goods. In recent years,’s exports to the United States-the United States imports from China and China exports to the European Union-the European Union imports from China are so different. The possible reasons are as follows: First, American importers deliberately understate their imports from China to avoid import tariff sanctions. Compared with 2016 and 2017, the difference between China’s exports to the United States-the United States imports from China has shrunk significantly since 2018. Second, compared with other countries, the energy crisis in Europe is more serious in 2022, and the freight for the import and export of goods is obviously higher, which directly causes the EU’s import from China-China’s export to the EU to jump sharply. This phenomenon not only occurs in China-EU trade, but also exists in other trade exchanges such as South Korea and Europe.


  Is there any moisture in the export data?


  Is there any moisture in the export data?


  Five,The reason why export performance exceeds market expectations is more the result of diversification of export commodity structure and export destination.


  As previously analyzed, false export report can’t be the main driving force for the high export growth rate in March and April, so what is the main reason why China’s export growth rate has exceeded expectations when the export growth rate of other countries such as South Korea and Vietnam has obviously declined? We think there are the following factors:


  1) The high export growth rate in March was mainly the comprehensive result of the release of the backlog of export orders in the previous period and the successive delivery of overseas orders.We provide two pieces of evidence: First, export delivery value in March (mainly counting the current period) was significantly narrower than that in December 2022, but the year-on-year growth rate was still negative, which indicated that the growth rate of export in March was the common result of the current and previous inventory squeeze; Second, after the liberalization of the epidemic prevention and control policy, many provinces began to organize groups to go abroad to grab orders, which directly led to a rapid increase in PMI new export orders in January and February 2023.Different from March, export delivery value jumped from-5.4% to 0.7% in April, and the export was more contributed by the shipment value produced in the current period.


  2) As we mentioned in previous reports, the supply advantage of China is largely due to the integrity of the industrial chain. The integrity of the industrial chain enables domestic export enterprises to better cope with the changes in the international trade situation than other countries. We have counted the data of major export commodities since 2017. Compared with before the epidemic, the contribution of plastic products, textile yarns, fabrics and their products, shoes and boots, ceramic products, toys, automatic data processing equipment and its parts, mobile phones, audio equipment and its parts, integrated circuits, medical instruments and instruments to the overall export volume increased greatly during the epidemic. On the contrary, the contribution of agricultural products, refined oil, luggage and similar containers, steel products, wrought aluminum and aluminum products, and general machinery and equipment to the overall export volume has been significantly reduced.According to the export data of the last four months, the structure of China’s main export commodities has obviously gradually moved closer to that before the epidemic, and the advantages of complete industrial chain can indeed enable enterprises to switch commodity structures to adapt to global demand in a short time. It is worth noting that compared with before the epidemic, the contribution of automobiles (including chassis) and auto parts to the total export volume has been on the rise, and it has become the main commodity driving the export growth rate.


  3) In addition to the changes in the structure of export commodities, China’s main export destinations are also more diversified.From the historical data, the manufacturing PMI in the euro zone and the manufacturing PMI in the United States are in line with the change trend of China’s export growth rate, which means that the decline of China’s export growth rate in 2023 still largely depends on the degree of economic recession in Europe and America.However, thanks to China’s active participation in regional trade, expansion of trade network and continuous deepening of economic and trade cooperation with non-European and American countries, the "Belt and Road", ASEAN and Russia have significantly increased the driving force for China’s export growth, among which ASEAN, Brazil, Russia, India, South Africa and Indonesia account for an increasing proportion of China’s total exports.As far as the export data in April is concerned, the contribution rates of Russia, ASEAN, South Africa and Brazil to the overall export growth rate are 2.14%, 0.73%, 0.28% and 0.17% respectively.


  Is there any moisture in the export data?


  Is there any moisture in the export data?


  Six,The fact that the export growth rate will shift does not mean that the export growth rate will continue to decline this year.


  We are in "Do you need to shift gears for export growth? It is mentioned in the article that from May to July, the export growth rate will be continuously shifted, but this does not mean that the export growth rate will continue to decline this year.From the indicators published in China, the PMI value of new export orders dropped in April, but this will not immediately lead to a sharp drop in exports in May. According to historical data, PMI new export orders are often about 2-3 months ahead of exports, so the real pressure of export growth is mainly concentrated in June and July. However, due to the high export base in May last year, we believe that the export growth rate in May will be lower than that in April.


  Although compared with last year, the overall export growth rate in the whole year has been set to a downward trend, there is a high probability that the export growth rate in the whole year will still be positive. From May to December, the export growth rate showed a trend of "falling first and then rising".The absolute change of export value and the marginal change of export growth rate cannot escape three key factors: supply, demand and comparative advantage. In 2023, China’s supply advantage still exists, and the latest data released shows that the export share advantage is still better than before the epidemic. The main uncertainty that determines the specific growth rate of exports comes from the overseas demand side. At present, in the context of the global economic slowdown, China’s export commodities and export destinations have good highlights. Although the driving force of American exports to China does show a decreasing trend, the contribution of countries other than the United States to China’s exports should not be underestimated.


  Risk warning:


  The overseas economic recession has exceeded expectations.


  The above content comes from May 17, 2023, "Is there really moisture in export data?" Report by Zhang Jingjing and Zhang Yiping.