标签： 西安桑拿网

　　It happened that my family had to change to a mid-size car and accompany my family to test drive during the Mid-Autumn Festival holiday. Because my family had a high demand for power, I recommended several mainstream models with 2.0T turbocharged engines to him, and I also tested these models. Among them, the brand-new Regal of Buick impressed me the most, which is also my first experience of the brand-new Regal of Buick. When I stepped on the accelerator, its power exceeded my expectations, which also made me interested in it.

　　Last year, a new generation of Buick Regal was officially launched, which adopted the latest generation of Buick design style in appearance, and the slip-back style was also in line with the current trend. The interior design still retains the family design language. In terms of power, in addition to the models equipped with 1.5T and 2.0T engines, a hybrid model consisting of 1.8L Atkinson cycle engine and motor has been added. In addition, the GS version of the car is also listed together, and the rich power system and the GS version of the car emphasize Buick’s advantages in power system.

　　The new generation Regal will provide three power options of 20T, 28T and 30H, corresponding to 1.5T, 2.0T turbocharged engines and 1.8L+ motors respectively, in which the gasoline version models are matched with the latest 9-speed Hydra-Matic gearbox, while the hybrid models are matched with the e-CVT gearbox. The 1.5T engine has a maximum power of 163 HP and a peak torque of 252Nm；. The 2.0T engine has a maximum power of 254 HP and a peak torque of 350Nm；. The hybrid vehicle consists of a 1.8L naturally aspirated engine and an electric motor, and the maximum power of the engine is 123 HP.

　　This 9AT gearbox is also the latest technology of Buick. The 9-speed Hydra-Matic intelligent gearbox adopts coaxial design, all gears are arranged in the same line with the intermediate shaft, and the key technology of one-way clutch can be selected, which makes it have a compact volume equivalent to that of the 6-speed automatic gearbox. The new hydraulic torque converter uses a long-stroke damping disc, which greatly improves the NVH performance of the whole vehicle during driving, with lower vibration and more comfortable feeling.

　　Combined with the actual needs of users in daily use, the gear ratio distribution of the new 9-speed Hydra-Matic intelligent gearbox is more compact and reasonable, which minimizes the energy consumption and impact of shifting at low speed and brings an extremely smooth shifting experience.

　　In fact, it’s not just the new powertrain on the new generation of Regal. Since the founding of Buick brand, performance has always been regarded as Buick’s DNA. At every stage of automobile development, Buick’s technology will be the first to be applied and popularized.

　　The picture shows david buick.

　　David dunbar buick, the father of Buick, founded the Buick brand in 1903. Interestingly, david dunbar buick was born in Scotland, and only came to the United States with his family when he was 2 years old and settled in Detroit.

　　The picture shows a bird’s eye view of Detroit.

　　As we all know, Detroit is the largest city in Michigan, USA, and it has gradually become a transportation hub because of its favorable weather and geographical location. With the rise of shipping, shipbuilding and manufacturing industries, Detroit gradually became the most important heavy industry city in the United States in the 20th century. In this land, the rise of American automobile culture was born. In 1896, Henry Ford built his first car on this hot land.

　　David buick, which grew up in this industrial city, has a strong interest in internal combustion engines. In 1903, david buick and engineer Eugene Richard developed and integrated the overhead valve engine technology.Buick became a "pioneer of overhead valve engine cars". This is also one of the most important achievements in the process of automobile development so far.

　　This engine, called Model B Engine, uses a two-cylinder overhead valve engine and can reach 21 horsepower at 1230 rpm. Compared with the side valve design at that time, the overhead valve engine technology has the advantages of simple structure, higher efficiency and stronger dynamic performance. This design has also been widely used in later models. It can be said that the overhead valve technology developed by Buick is an important milestone in the development history of automobile industry.

　　One year after the Buick brand was founded, its first model Flint Buick(MODEL B) was officially born. Walter Marr and david buick’s son Tom drove this car and completed a test drive from Detroit to Flint, covering 184 kilometers and taking 217 minutes. The average speed reached 48 km/h. You know, the top speed of Mercedes-Benz I is only 15 km/h.

　　From the modeling point of view, the wooden body structure and single-row seats are still built with the carriage as the prototype, but MODEL B, through the application of double-cylinder overhead valve technology, allows it to run out of the amazing speed at that time while mastering skilled driving skills. It can be seen that this technology is very important for automobile evolution.

　　Buick also participated in the year’s "Eagle Rock Mountain Climbing Race"and created a speed record in the same group. Since then, MODEL B has laid the foundation for Buick’s manipulation and sportiness. At the same time, it also exported its improved MODEL C model to Britain.

　　The MODEL C model has created at least three speed records in the event. The durability and strong power have made Buick famous and increased its confidence. In 1906, another 1907 model, Model D, was introduced.

　　MODEL D maintains a similar design to MODEL C in appearance, which is also a wooden body structure, double-row seats, and canvas roofs. However, on it, the biggest change is nothing more than the power system. Because Buick is equipped with a four-cylinder engine, the power system of the car is equipped with a 4.2L carburetor engine, which matches the 3-speed manual transmission. This is also the first time Buick has adopted a four-cylinder engine.

　　General motors corporation trademark

　　At the beginning of the 20th century, with the industrial revolution, more and more enterprises transformed to produce automobiles, and a large number of automobile companies appeared in the market at one time. Just like "American Automobile Company" and "British Leland Automobile Company", in order to unify the automobile industry, based on Buick, General Motors Company was established in 1908, and then companies such as Oldsmobile, Oakland (the predecessor of Pontiac) and Cadillac will be merged into more and more companies to start manufacturing cars.

　　In 1908, Buick introduced MODEL 10, which was cheaper and more popular, aiming at the low-end market. And its short body structure and white painting design are also called "gentlemen’s light four-door sports car". The main competitor it aimed at was the "Ford Model T" launched by Ford in 1908.

　　In terms of power, Buick MODEL 10 is equipped with a new 2.7L overhead valve four-cylinder engine with a maximum power of 22.5 HP, while the standard Ford Model T is equipped with a 2.9L four-cylinder engine with a maximum power of only 20 HP.

　　In terms of sales volume, from 1908 to 1910, the production and sales volume of MODEL 10 vehicles were 4,002, 8,100 and 11,000 respectively in three years, which gave a shot in the arm to the establishment of General Motors in 1908. Buick has also become the most profitable brand of General Motors.

　　The fledgling Buick took performance as its brand DNA since it came out, and also participated in the race. During the two years from 1909 to 1910, it broke many speed records.

　　In 1909, Buick participated in the Indianapolis 250-mile (402km) race, which was an endurance race at that time, and the test of vehicle stability was very strict. Bob Boehlmann, the driver of Buick Team, won the championship with an average speed of 85.33km/h in the Buick Racecar. In the end, only nine cars finished the race, among which three were Buick cars.

　　Another record also happened in 1909, when Buick, a technical madman with paranoia about performance, actually held a world-famous accelerated race in Daytona Beach. It was not a car that competed with Buick, but the first plane in the world. In the end, Buick won the game. This competition also created the first car-plane competition in history. Through this game, people were further shown the powerful performance of Buick.

　　In 1910, Buick built two Buick 60 Special Bug racing cars, which were smoother and more aerodynamic. And for the first time, aluminum body and wheel disc are adopted to reduce the weight and air resistance, and the weight of the car is only 1.18 tons. Coupled with the brand-new 10.2L four-cylinder engine, it set a speed record at that time at 115 miles (185 kilometers) per hour. And these two cars also won numerous awards on the field.

　　In 1925, Buick introduced 25 models, and its shape has changed a lot. The slender body, black wheel eyebrows and a number of spoke wood wheels make it look more elegant. The biggest change is that it is equipped with an inline six-cylinder engine for the first time. This engine has a displacement of 3.1L, adopts an overhead 2-valve/cylinder, and can output 48 horsepower (35.8 kW) at 2700 rpm, with a maximum torque of 163 Nm at 1600 rpm, and is equipped with a 3-speed manual gearbox. Great progress has been made in power and reliability.

　　Since Buick was equipped with in-line six-cylinder engines on all 25 models, in 1931, it introduced 50, 60, 80, 90 and 95 models. These five cars are equipped with three in-line eight-cylinder engines with different displacements, which is the first time that Buick is equipped with an eight-cylinder engine. It can be said that it is a crucial year for the development of Buick brand.

　　Buick’s car system naming at that time was similar to that of compact cars, medium-sized cars and medium-sized and large cars. The larger the value, the higher the level. Among them, the 50 series is equipped with a 77-horsepower 3.62L engine, the 60 series is equipped with a 4.47L 90-horsepower engine, and the high-end 80, 90 and 95 series models are equipped with a 5.65L 104-horsepower engine. It can be said that all Buick cars are equipped with an in-line eight-cylinder engine.

　　The picture shows the exclusive logo of Buick 8-cylinder model.

　　Buick’s in-line eight-cylinder engine has optimized double carburetors and aluminum oil pan, and adopted full-automatic ignition advance device for the first time without manual operation. Soon, Buick’s eight-cylinder engine gained a firm foothold in the 1930s.

　　Not only in the engine, but also in the suspension system, Buick has made many breakthroughs. From this point of view, as long as it is related to performance, Buick is indispensable.

　　In 1933, General Motors developed an independent suspension system, which made the vehicle more comfortable when bumping, and reduced the wheel loss when encountering a collision. This design was also installed on all GM models after 1934.

　　In 1938, Buick introduced the rear spiral spring suspension, which further improved the comfort of the whole vehicle. The 1938 Buick Century was fortunate to be the first vehicle with four-wheel spiral spring suspension in the United States. The suspension system is adjusted to be very soft, and the driving on the bumpy road is leisurely. The driving experience of American cars like big ships has become popular since Buick Century.

　　In addition, Buick Century was also equipped with "Dynaflash”5.2L inline 8-cylinder engine, which had higher compression ratio, shorter stroke, dome-shaped aluminum alloy piston, hollow rocker arm, chain-driven camshaft and other new technologies, resulting in a maximum power of 141 horsepower and a top speed of over 165km/h, making it the fastest production car at that time.

　　In 1939, World War II broke out. Like other car brands, Buick also received a large number of military orders. Produced a large number of ambulances, M18 tanks and other war materials. And Buick, which is good at engines, has also produced 75,000 Pratt Whitney "Double Hornet" star aero engines for B24 Liberator bomber, and Buick has thus obtained huge financial returns.

　　Buick made a lot of money during World War II, and also developed an automatic transmission with a hydraulic torque converter for tanks. In 1948, after the end of World War II, Buick applied this technology to production models and named it "Dynaflow”。 And within three years, 75% of Buick’s models are equipped with "Dynaflow"Automatic transmission.

　　Buick is also the first brand to put the automatic gearbox of hydraulic torque converter on the production vehicle, which greatly improves the comfort of the vehicle. This gearbox was installed on the Buick Roadmaster in 1949. In addition, this model adopts Buick’s latest design style, and on this basis, the world’s first hardtop convertible car, Roadmaster Riviera, is launched.

　　The time has come to the 1950s, which is an important period in which everything needs to be done. With the economic recovery in the United States, the automobile industry has flourished. More modern appearance, wider body and stronger power have become the development direction.

　　As a brand DNA with performance, Buick’s pursuit of engines is endless. In 1953, Buick developed a V-8 engine with high compression ratio, which was called "Nailhead" because of its unique valve shape.

　　This V8 engine is designed with large cylinder diameter and short stroke, with a single inclined top combustion chamber shape, smaller valve, longer valve stem and vertical arrangement. The central spark plug makes the combustion faster and more uniform, so that it can provide powerful torque in a wide speed range, and at the same time, it can give consideration to certain economy while ensuring power, leading the trend again.

　　The first generation nail V8 engine 4.3LAnd the maximum output power is 188 horsepower and 255 horsepower respectively 5.3L At that time, the dynamic parameters fully met the standards of performance cars. In 1953, it coincided with the 50th anniversary of the birth of Buick brand. For this memorable moment, Buick was equipped with this engine for the first time on the 50th anniversary limited edition model of Roadmaster Skylark.

　　At that time, the world’s lightest mass-produced V8 engine.

　　In 1961, Buick once again led the trend and launched the world’s lightest production version of the V8 engine. This engine was made of all-aluminum material, with a weight of 144 kg, a displacement of 3.531L, a dual-chamber carburetor, a compression ratio of 8.8: 1, and a maximum output of 155 horsepower and 298Nm. For the first time, this engine is also fully equipped on the Buick Special (special envoy) model that locates compact cars.

　　In 1962, based on the all-aluminum V8 engine, Buick introduced the world’s first V6 engine, named FireBall, which was also put on the Buick Special for the first time. This V6 engine has a displacement of 3.2L and a maximum power of 198HP. More than 20% of the vehicles are equipped with V6 engines, and the sales of this vehicle have been greatly improved due to the introduction of new technologies.

　　If the 1950s was the stage of Buick’s technological innovation, from in-line 8-cylinder engine to V-type 6-cylinder engine, the power was improved while the fuel economy was also taken into account. Then the 1960s to the early 1970s can be said to be the era when muscle cars were rampant.

　　In 1963, Buick introduced the Riviera car series. Adopt double-door hardtop Coupe design. This series of models not only meet the driving pleasure, but also have certain comfort. The original Riviera car was equipped with a 3.2L V6 engine.

　　After 10 years of development, Buick has also entered the era of muscle cars. On the 1972 Riviera model, not only the appearance became more radical, but also modern. But also equipped with the second generation.Nailhead engine, usingThe 7.5L overhead valve V8 engine has a maximum power of 250 HP, while on the most powerful version, it has a maximum power of 360 HP.

　　In 1973, the oil crisis broke out, and the whole automobile industry fell into a trough, and the market of large-displacement muscle cars was gradually squeezed out. At this time, Buick improved the previous V6 engine mold and added a turbocharger. Fuel economy has improved by 13%-29%.

　　In addition, in 1979, Buick introduced the first front-wheel drive model-Riviera S, and was named "Car of the Year" by Motor Trend. Through the brand-new V6 turbocharged engine and front-wheel drive models, the energy consumption has been further reduced, and the market share has steadily increased under the background of oil shortage, which also indicates that Buick has entered a new era.

　　In 1985, BuickThe V6 turbocharged engine manufactured for the 500th Indy Games won numerous awards in the competition. Won the championship and runner-up,The average speed is close to 220Km/h, and it has set a speed record of 329.26km/h for one lap and 327.65km/h for four laps.

　　In 1984, Buick introduced the Grand National high-performance version for the second generation Regal (Regal in China), equipped with 3.8L V6Intercooled turbocharged engine with maximum power of 276.Horsepower, it only takes 4.9 seconds to accelerate from standstill to 96 km/h. In 1987, a limited edition Regal GNX ultimate model was launched, with a power output of 300 HP, a maximum torque of 488 Nm, and an acceleration time of 0-96km/h of 4.7 seconds, so it became the fastest American car in the 1980s. However, the final output of the car is only 547 units, and all of them are painted in black, which is very rare.

　　In 1998, Buick officially entered the China market, and its first domestic model was Buick Century. In 1999, GL8 was launched, which seized the commercial vehicle market in China. The subsequent launch of Buick Excelle, Regal, LaCrosse and other models made Buick gradually gain a foothold in China, and the market focus gradually shifted from the United States to the China market.

　　In 2008, Buick’s new generation Regal was listed in China, based on Epsilon II platform. Compared with the previous generation, the appearance of the car body has been thoroughly changed, and the car body lines are smooth and full of modernity, which has achieved very good market performance in China, and it has also become a landmark product of Buick.

　　In 2009, Buick launched the Regal 2.0T luxury version with a 2.0T direct injection turbocharged engine, with a maximum power of 220 HP and a maximum torque of 350 Nm. In 2011, it launched a more sporty Regal GS version.

　　With the emission becoming more and more strict, small-displacement turbocharging has become a development trend. Buick took the lead in launching small-displacement turbocharging and equipped with 1.6T and 1.4T turbocharged engines on early Yinglang XT and Angola models.

　　The picture shows the 2013 Yinglang XT.

　　In 2015, GM launched a new generation of Ecotec small displacement powertrain system around the world. The engine series ranges from 1.0L to 1.5L. It adopts advanced power technology and structural design, such as in-cylinder direct injection, variable displacement oil pump, cylinder head and exhaust manifold integration, patented reverse tooth chain timing chain, all-aluminum split cylinder block, etc., and has the characteristics of high performance, low fuel consumption, ultra-quietness and extra durability. It is also mounted on Angkor 20T, Weilang 20T and Weilang GS 20T models.

　　By 2018, in addition to small-displacement turbocharging, three-cylinder engines have also become an important development trend. For example, Buick GL6, Xinyinglang and Yuelang are all equipped with a 1.3T turbocharged three-cylinder engine matched with a 6-speed automatic transmission. The powertrain has a maximum power of 163 HP and a maximum torque of 230 Nm. In addition, there is a 1.0T three-cylinder engine with 125 horsepower and 170 Nm to choose from.

　　In addition to the development trend of small-displacement turbocharging, the internet of vehicles has gradually become the future development direction of automobiles. On the basis of the general OnStar OnStar system, Buick also launched a new generation of eConnect interconnection technology, taking the lead in launching "cloud"-centric in-vehicle applications, and launched a lifetime free service for application traffic.

　　And in the near future, there will be functions such as OTA remote upgrade, vehicle remote control and virtual key to truly realize the seamless combination of people, cars and life.

　　Throughout Buick’s 115-year history, it has taken the lead in developing overhead valve engines, in-line six-cylinder and eight-cylinder engines, and even stronger V6 and V8 engines. From large-displacement turbocharged engines to small-displacement turbocharged engines with both performance and economy, from OnStar in-vehicle service to car networking system, Buick can always take the lead in innovation and lead the trend according to the development of the times. Behind it, the stubbornness of technology and the observation of the market have contributed.

　　Since it entered China in 1998, the cumulative sales of SAIC-GM Buick brand in China market has exceeded 10 million in just 20 years, which also supports Buick’s determination to innovate constantly.

　　Hu Chunfeng, Party Secretary and Director of Yangzhou Municipal Market Supervision Administration

　　Market supervision has stood at a new starting point. The newly established Yangzhou Municipal Bureau of Market Supervision will adhere to the working idea of "keeping the bottom line, creating an environment, standardizing competition, improving quality and promoting development", start a new journey of market supervision, be the main force of market supervision, highlight the people’s beautiful pursuit of consumption quality and service, actively adapt to the needs of "big market, big consumption and big mediation", and constantly improve the convenience of consumer complaints, the breadth of consumer education and consumption. Strive to achieve the same frequency resonance between market supervision and consumer rights protection, create a safer and more secure market consumption environment, and truly let the people buy, use and eat with confidence.

   On March 11th, in the zero-carbon factory in fengcheng city, Jiangxi Province-Faurecia Gele Electronics (Fengcheng) Co., Ltd., the staff rushed to produce automotive electronic products in the production workshop. Photo by Zhou Liang (people’s picture)

   On March 19th, employees at Haisi United Station of Shengli Oilfield in Dongying City, Shandong Province maintained the hydraulic safety valve and mechanical breathing valve at the top of the oil storage tank to avoid air pollution caused by methane and other gases. Shengli Oilfield has implemented the special rectification measures for ecological environment protection in the Yellow River basin with high standards, and established a "waste-free oilfield" and a green factory, thus realizing green and clean production in the whole process of oil exploitation, pipeline transportation and storage. Photo by Wang Guozhang (people’s picture)

   On March 21st, in Hongde Primary School, Qingdao, Shandong Province, the narrator of the sewage treatment plant instructed the students to do experiments to cultivate children’s environmental awareness of saving water and protecting water in love the water. Zhang Yingshe (Xinhua News Agency)

   On March 15th, researchers conducted a liquid dye synthesis experiment at Zhejiang Modern Textile Technology Innovation Center (Jianhu Laboratory) in Keqiao District, Shaoxing City. In recent years, new green equipment and advanced technology have been introduced to promote the transformation and upgrading of textile printing and dyeing industry to low pollution, high technology and high added value. Xinhua News Agency reporter Weng Yushe

    Since 2022, the treatment of new pollutants has been written into the work report of our government for three consecutive years.

    With the deepening of the construction of beautiful China, China’s ecological environment protection work is developing from the treatment of sensory indicators such as "smog" and "black odor" to the treatment of new pollutants with long-term and hidden hazards.

    "Hard bones" that must be chewed.

    What are new pollutants?

    At present, the new pollutants widely concerned at home and abroad mainly include persistent organic pollutants, endocrine disruptors and antibiotics controlled by international conventions. The production and use of toxic and harmful chemicals are the main sources of new pollutants.

    The reason why new pollutants are called "new" is that on the one hand, they are relative to conventional pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and PM2.5; On the other hand, there are many kinds of new pollutants, and the number of new pollutants that can be identified will continue to increase. At present, there are more than 20 categories of new pollutants of global concern, and each category contains dozens or hundreds of chemicals.

    Jiang Guibin, an academician of the China Academy of Sciences and dean of the School of Resources and Environment of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, believes that "unconscious contact, persistence, and imperceptible harm to human health and environmental systems constitute the common characteristics of new pollutants". With the deepening of understanding and the continuous development of environmental monitoring technology, the types and quantities of new pollutants will continue to change.

    Literature shows that high levels of environmental endocrine disruptors, antibiotics, microplastics and other new pollutants have been detected in air, water and soil in some areas of China. It is generally believed that new pollutants are gradually becoming a new difficulty that restricts the continuous and in-depth improvement of the environmental quality of the atmosphere, water and soil, and it is also a "hard bone" that ecological environmental protection must tackle after smog and black and smelly water bodies.

    The treatment of new pollutants is not easy.

    At present, China is the largest producer and user of chemical products in the world, and also the main supplier of chemical raw materials, with more than 50,000 kinds of chemical substances in production and use. These chemicals are consumed and used in many industries, and some chemicals are closely related to agricultural production, daily necessities, aerospace products and other important fields.

    Hu Jianxin, a professor at Peking University Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, wrote that China’s annual production of short-chain chlorinated paraffins can reach millions of tons, and chlorpyrifos (note: a pesticide) involves agricultural production and food security. It is difficult to develop their substitutes, and there may be conflicts in availability, performance, cost, environment and safety, so it is difficult to achieve perfection, which brings great challenges to the treatment of new pollutants in the future.

    The treatment of new pollutants mainly involves the chemical industry and its downstream industrial chain. In recent years, China’s industrial technology and management level have greatly improved as a whole, but some enterprises are still at the low end of the industrial chain, and their technical level and management ability are uneven. In cities with rapid industrial development and urbanization, improper waste treatment will lead to organochlorine compounds residues, and industrial activities such as mining and smelting will lead to heavy metal emissions and residues. Frequent use of pesticides and fertilizers in some agricultural areas will cause the emission and residue of organophosphorus compounds.

    The weak foundation of detection is also a difficult problem to be solved urgently. Jiang Guibin found that the key point of new pollutant control is "newness" and the difficulty is "newness". Because it is "new", there are some problems, such as the monitoring method can’t keep up, the pollution base is unclear, the environmental process is unclear, the environmental hazards are not mastered, and the conventional prevention methods don’t work.

    The unclear toxic mechanism of new pollutants and the lack of efficient purification technology also hinder the treatment process of new pollutants. Jiang Guibin suggested that the establishment of "Science and Technology Special Project for New Pollutant Control" should be accelerated, interdisciplinary integration and high-tech application should be promoted, theoretical and technical systems for prevention and control of new pollutants and risk early warning should be developed, and technical support for new pollutant control should be strengthened.

    China is also facing the outstanding problem of coexistence of new pollutants and traditional pollutants.

    There is a clear deployment

    The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the treatment of new pollutants.

    In November 2021, the Opinions of the State Council City, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Deepening the Fight against Pollution made clear arrangements for the treatment of new pollutants, requiring the formulation and implementation of an action plan for the treatment of new pollutants. Half a year later, in May 2022, the General Office of the State Council issued the Action Plan for New Pollutant Control (hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan). This plan puts forward requirements for the treatment of new pollutants from the aspects of overall requirements, action measures and safeguard measures.

    What are the goals for the treatment of new pollutants?

    The Action Plan requires that by 2025, China will complete the environmental risk screening of high-concern and high-yield chemicals and complete a number of environmental risk assessments of chemicals; Dynamically release the list of new pollutants under key control; Implement environmental risk control measures such as prohibition, restriction and discharge restriction on key new pollutants. The regulatory system and management mechanism for environmental risk management of toxic and harmful chemicals have been gradually established and improved, and the ability to control new pollutants has been significantly enhanced.

    How to deal with new pollutants?

    The Action Plan has made 18 specific arrangements from six aspects: improving laws and regulations, conducting investigation and monitoring, strictly controlling the source, strengthening process control, deepening terminal governance and strengthening capacity building. For example, in terms of improving laws and regulations and establishing a sound new pollutant control system, the Action Plan proposes to improve laws and regulations, establish a sound technical standard system, and establish and improve a new pollutant control management mechanism. It is required to establish an inter-departmental coordination mechanism for new pollutant control led by the ecological environment department, with the participation of development and reform, science and technology, industry and information technology, finance, housing and urban construction, agriculture and rural areas, commerce, health, customs, market supervision, drug supervision and other departments, so as to promote the new pollutant control work as a whole.

    In terms of investigation, monitoring and assessment of environmental risks of new pollutants, the Action Plan proposes specific measures such as establishing an environmental information investigation system for chemical substances, establishing an environmental investigation and monitoring system for new pollutants, establishing an environmental risk assessment system for chemical substances, and dynamically publishing a list of new pollutants under key control. It is explicitly required to formulate "one product, one policy" control measures for chemicals listed in the priority control chemicals list, antibiotics, microplastics and other key new pollutants, carry out technical feasibility and economic and social impact assessment of the control measures, identify the main environmental emission sources of the priority control chemicals, formulate and revise the emission standards of relevant industries in a timely manner, and dynamically update the list of toxic and harmful air pollutants, the list of toxic and harmful water pollutants and the list of toxic and harmful substances in the soil under key control.

    The "Action Plan" proposes to carry out pilot projects for the treatment of new pollutants. It is required to focus on petrochemical, coating, textile printing and dyeing, rubber, pesticide, medicine and other industries in the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins and around key drinking water sources, key estuaries, key bays, key mariculture areas, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions, and select a number of key enterprises and industrial parks to carry out pilot projects for the treatment of new pollutants, thus forming a number of demonstration technologies for the green substitution of toxic and harmful chemicals, the reduction of new pollutants and the treatment of new pollutants in sewage sludge, waste liquid and waste residue. Encourage qualified places to formulate incentive policies, promote enterprises to try first and reduce the generation and discharge of new pollutants.

    Overall, the Action Plan has designed a "three-step" governance work path. The first step is "screening", which screens out pollutants with great potential environmental risks and brings them into the scope of giving priority to environmental risk assessment; The second step is "evaluation", aiming at the screened chemical substances, taking the new pollutants with great risks to the environment and health as the key control objects; The third step is "control". For the key control objects determined in the first two steps, comprehensive control measures are implemented in the whole process.

    The Action Plan defines several key time nodes for the treatment of new pollutants.

    For example, in 2022, the first list of new pollutants under key control was released. During the "14 th Five-Year Plan" period, special treatment was carried out for a number of key new pollutants. By the end of 2025, a number of high-toxic and high-risk pesticide varieties will be re-evaluated. Local people’s governments at all levels should strengthen the organization and leadership over the control of new pollutants, and provincial people’s governments are the main bodies to organize the implementation of this action plan. Before the end of 2022, they should organize the formulation of the work plan for the control of new pollutants in their own regions, refine the objectives and tasks, clarify the division of labor among departments, and do a good job in implementation. All relevant departments in the State Council should strengthen the division of labor and cooperation, jointly do a good job in the treatment of new pollutants, and evaluate the implementation of this action plan in 2025.

    In the year when the Action Plan was published, the work report of the Chinese government proposed to strengthen the management of solid waste and new pollutants, and promote garbage classification, reduction and recycling. The following year, the government work report of our country proposed to strengthen the treatment of solid waste and new pollutants. In this year’s government work report, the relevant statement is to strengthen the treatment of solid waste, new pollutants and plastic pollution.

    At the beginning of this year, Xinhua News Agency published "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting the Construction of Beautiful China in an All-round Way", which called for strengthening the control of solid waste and new pollutants. Accelerate the construction of a "waste-free city", continue to promote the action of controlling new pollutants, and promote the realization of "waste-free" and environmental health in urban and rural areas. Strengthen the comprehensive management of solid waste, limit excessive packaging of commodities, and control plastic pollution through the whole chain. We will deepen the comprehensive ban on the entry of "foreign garbage" and strictly guard against the smuggling and disguised import of various forms of solid waste. Strengthen the supervision, utilization and disposal capacity of hazardous wastes, and strengthen the pollution control of tailings ponds with emphasis on the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the Yellow River Basin. Formulate regulations on environmental risk management of toxic and harmful chemicals. By 2027, the proportion of "waste-free cities" will reach 60%, and the intensity of solid waste production will drop significantly; By 2035, the construction of a "waste-free city" will achieve full coverage, and the eastern provinces will take the lead in building a "waste-free city" in the whole region, and the environmental risks of new pollutants will be effectively controlled.

    Also this year, many provinces in China mentioned the treatment of "new pollutants" in their government work reports. It is the common goal of many places to promote the construction of a "waste-free city" and strengthen the treatment of new pollutants.

    Strengthen collaborative governance

    The characteristics of new pollutants determine that coordinated treatment is needed.

    The environmental risk of new pollutants is an environmental problem faced by all countries in the world.

    DDT mentioned in Silent Spring is one of the chemicals with typical new pollutant characteristics. Its harm spans half a century and spreads to every corner of the world, and it is impossible to control it by one country alone. Professor Hu Jianxin pointed out: "The treatment of some new pollutants requires global action. In addition to being persistent, bioaccumulative, carcinogenic and teratogenic, some new pollutants also have the potential of long-distance migration, which can migrate across international boundaries with air, water or migratory species and be deposited in areas far away from their discharge points, causing worldwide environmental pollution problems. "

    In terms of new pollutant treatment, China has an inter-departmental coordination mechanism.

    Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly put forward the important task of "developing new pollution control". Shortly after the closing of the 20th National Congress, on November 4th, 2022, the first meeting of the Inter-Ministerial Coordination Group for New Pollutant Control was held in Beijing. The leader of the coordination group is Huang Runqiu, Minister of Ecology and Environment. In addition to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the members of the Inter-Ministerial Coordination Group include the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Ministry of Commerce, the Health and Wellness Commission, the General Administration of Customs, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and other departments.

    On February 2, 2024, the second meeting of the group was held. The meeting pointed out that it is necessary to give full play to the role of the new pollutant control promotion mechanism, strengthen cross-departmental joint actions, increase guidance and assistance to local counterpart departments and enterprises, strengthen supervision and law enforcement, and track down the effectiveness, and systematically promote the key tasks of new pollutant control to make breakthroughs. In addition, it is mentioned that it is necessary to speed up the legislation on the control of new pollutants, promote the implementation of major scientific and technological special projects, plan and lay out a number of major projects, strengthen fiscal, taxation, finance, price and other policy support, and lay a good combination of the rule of law, science and technology and policy.

    In addition to inter-ministerial coordination, there is also inter-provincial cooperation.

    For example, Sichuan and Chongqing have jointly promoted the treatment of new pollutants. On March 14th this year, the first joint meeting of new pollutant control in Sichuan and Chongqing was held in Chongqing. The meeting reported the development of new pollutant control work in 2023 and the work plan for 2024 in the two places. The meeting proposed to carry out joint investigation and monitoring of new pollutants in Sichuan and Chongqing, focus on finding out the current situation of new pollutants such as antibiotics and perfluorochemicals, jointly promote the risk assessment of chemical substances in Chengdu and Chongqing, and provide a basis for issuing a supplementary list of key new pollutants in Chengdu and Chongqing.

    Some provinces are carrying out pilot work.

    For example, Jiangsu is a pilot province for environmental monitoring of new pollutants. The province monitors pollution points in water sources and air in two pilot industrial development zones. Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi and other provinces carried out pilot investigation, monitoring and evaluation of new pollutants in key industries. Anhui province has focused on the whole process monitoring and environmental information investigation, conducted law enforcement inspection on the production, processing and use of new chemical substances, and carried out pilot investigations on basic environmental information of chemical substances. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has launched a pilot project of investigation and risk assessment of new pollutants in the Yellow River Basin and "one lake and two seas" in the whole region, and carried out non-targeted screening and quantitative monitoring of new pollutants. Shaanxi Province launched a pilot project of compensation for ecological and environmental damage involving new pollutants, which provided guarantee for promoting clean production and green manufacturing.

    At present, various localities have carried out pilot projects in key industries, key fields, key river basins, process monitoring and result guarantee, forming a multi-level and multi-dimensional pilot network. These pilot projects are part of the work of controlling new pollutants. Some places also focus on improving legal protection, issuing regulations on the prevention and control of soil pollution, and clearly implementing and strengthening the control of new pollutants such as persistent organic pollutants.

    According to the plan, in 2025, Jiangsu will initially establish a new pollutant environmental investigation and monitoring system, Shandong will initially establish a new pollutant control system, and Liaoning’s new pollutant control capacity will be significantly enhanced …

    Time is tight and the task is heavy. (Chen Zhenkai, Li Xinran)

　　Recently, the state issued 1.7 trillion central discount loans, of which 200 billion flowed into the renewal of medical equipment, which sounded the "assembly number" of the new infrastructure of medical equipment. This has also injected a "shot in the arm" into the medical device industry in the deep collection vortex.

　　After the good news was released, the A-share medical device sector rose sharply in recent days, with UIH Medical (688,271), Kaikai Medical (300,633), Mindray Medical (300,760), Candeley (603,987) and Xinmai Medical (688,016) leading the gains.

　　Solve the financing problem of hospital equipment procurement

　　Feng Jian, the head of a private hospital group in Zhejiang, told the First Financial Reporter that a local hospital under the group just happened to purchase medical equipment when the discount loan policy was issued, and soon received a phone call from the local bank and offered discount loans.

　　"Because it is precisely to purchase these equipment, the benefits of exempting interest are immediate." Feng Jian told the First Financial Reporter, "For private hospitals that are still in a difficult period of operation, purchasing large-scale medical equipment is a big investment in infrastructure costs, and it is still of great significance to get the actual capital cost concessions."

　　Li Bing, an investor in a private hospital in Shandong, told the First Financial Reporter that the loan interest rate within the support period of refinancing and financial discount policy (3 years) is not higher than 3.2% and not lower than 2.5% (financial discount level). If a hospital buys 20 million yuan of equipment, it will save 500,000 to 700,000 yuan in interest each year and 1 million to 1.5 million yuan in two years.

　　"The direct benefit of the hospital purchasing equipment is to increase the competitiveness of the hospital. If the loan allows, there are still hospitals willing to purchase equipment, and our hospital will declare it. However, if some hospitals are in poor operating conditions, such as high debt ratio, and banks do not approve them, that is another matter. " Li Bing told the First Financial Reporter.

　　He also reminded that the original intention of the discount loan policy is good, which can promote hospitals to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment, but for hospitals, they should also do what they can, especially private hospitals. "This policy provides a space for the hospital to operate. After all, it can get actual financial support. As a hospital, it should make full use of this policy. After all, it is necessary to increase investment and debt when purchasing equipment, and the money still needs to be paid back." Li Bing told the First Financial Reporter.

　　Yi Zhu, executive director of Sullivan’s Greater China Medical Group, told the First Financial Reporter: "2022 is a difficult year for the real economy, and the situation of financing difficulties has intensified. It is urgent to introduce the discount loan policy to alleviate the problem of financing difficulties and expensive financing for enterprises."

　　Yi Zhu believes that hospitals are an important part of social services and will be one of the beneficiaries of this policy. In addition to private hospitals, public hospitals also benefit obviously, because the funding channels of public hospitals are relatively simple, mainly relying on financial subsidies and loans. This policy can effectively solve the problem of insufficient funds in the development of hospitals, reduce the capital cost of hospitals, and promote the upgrading of hospital equipment to better serve the majority of patients.

　　"Large-scale tertiary public hospitals are of course strong, and all kinds of medical equipment are complete. Because patients gather in the head hospital, these hospitals always have to purchase equipment regardless of whether they are subsidized or not." A medical system person told the First Financial Reporter, "So this discount loan policy may benefit more grassroots public hospitals with weak medical infrastructure."

　　The relevant person in charge of a large tertiary hospital in Shanghai told the First Financial Reporter: "As we are the unit responsible for the budget of the Health and Health Commission, in the past, infrastructure construction and equipment investment needed to be purchased by ourselves. If it is really necessary to purchase equipment, we can consider loans. Through this discount loan policy, we can indeed buy some equipment."

　　The deputy director of the Radiology Department of another large tertiary hospital in Shanghai told the First Financial Reporter: "Many hospitals have applied for procurement, and we are still evaluating it. After all, the cost of purchasing an advanced medical imaging equipment is very high."

　　Some insiders also said that although some large tertiary hospitals are large in scale, their debts are also very serious, and they are very cautious about the decision to purchase equipment. Take Zhengda First Affiliated Hospital as an example. According to statistics, the balance of the hospital in 2021 was less than 1 billion yuan, accounting for less than 5% of the revenue.

　　"Our hospital will tend to build joint laboratories with some enterprises, so that the equipment of enterprises can be put into the hospital for free, saving a lot of money." The person in charge of the scientific research department of a hospital in Shanghai told the First Financial Reporter, "For example, we are preparing to cooperate with a domestic medical imaging equipment giant company to build a laboratory."

　　The director of the Radiology Department of a large tertiary hospital in Shanghai told the First Financial Reporter: "The key problem lies in the demand. The equipment is purchased according to the demand, and it is bought when there is demand, not because there is a discount policy, and there is no need to borrow money to buy it. It is unnecessary."

　　Imaging equipment manufacturers benefit first.

　　In Li Bing’s view, the most direct and first beneficiaries of the discount loan policy should be medical device manufacturers and distributors, not hospitals. "This means that the market of manufacturers has room for substantial growth." He told the first financial reporter.

　　Other investors also believe that the medical device industry, which has been silent for a while, may be reborn because the new infrastructure of medical devices has been put on the agenda. "In the past, the market did not attract enough attention to the new infrastructure of medical devices." A medical device investor told the First Financial Reporter, "Now the discount loan policy has shaken this undercurrent market."

　　Yi Zhu told the First Financial Reporter: "The policy limits the use direction of this loan to the purchase of medical equipment such as diagnosis and treatment, clinical examination, severe illness, rehabilitation and scientific research transformation. Correspondingly, it will mainly benefit the fields of imaging, IVD, monitoring and rehabilitation equipment."

　　Multinational giants first "liked" the discount loan policy. GE Medical told the First Financial Reporter: "Recently, we are concerned about the decision of the Standing Committee of the People’s Republic of China to determine special refinancing and financial interest subsidies to support the upgrading of equipment in some areas, expand market demand and increase development potential, and the Health and Health Commission took the lead in issuing a notice to confirm the use of financial interest subsidies to upgrade and transform medical equipment. This has undoubtedly injected a shot in the arm into the medical and health field, which is good for the overall domestic medical equipment industry. "

　　GE medical said that the implementation of a series of discount and loan combination boxing will be beneficial to the development of medical equipment manufacturing industry and accelerate the innovation iteration of enterprise equipment and products; On the other hand, it is also conducive to the overall development of medical equipment manufacturing industry, encouraging enterprises to expand production scale and improve production capacity and efficiency, which has a great impetus to the road of high-quality development of medical equipment in China.

　　At present, GE Medical has developed, produced and put more than 100 products into the market in China, covering a series of innovative products such as 256-slice CT, 3.0T magnetic resonance, obstetrics and gynecology, heart, whole-body ultrasound and ventilator, anesthesia, monitoring and ECG.

　　Some multinational medical device manufacturers also said that the favorable policies should be viewed more rationally. "It is still difficult to assess how much this policy will benefit our business, and we will have to wait until the final result comes out." The president of a European multinational medical imaging equipment company in China told the First Financial Reporter.

　　"The overall policy of discount loans is favorable. After all, in the short term, it will help to promote hospitals in need to buy or replace equipment as soon as possible." A senior official in China, a large German intensive care equipment manufacturer, told the First Financial Reporter, "But we should also see clearly that these demands are only released in advance. After all, equipment is not a high-frequency procurement commodity, unlike consumables. Now I buy more, and I may buy less in the future."

　　However, according to an internal document circulating in the industry, it seems unnecessary to worry about future demand reduction. "Some equipment may be purchased in advance, but with the increase in personnel and manpower investment in hospital equipment procurement, the ability to receive medical treatment will gradually increase, bringing new medical needs, which in turn will promote the hospital’s investment in new infrastructure." A summary of internal interviews with relevant departments wrote.

　　"I think as a hospital, they are more inclined to purchase some medical instruments and imaging equipment with shorter return period, such as CT, MRI, color Doppler ultrasound, IVD, and monitors, because there are a large number of patients’ needs, and for equipment such as surgical robots and gene sequencers that are expensive and difficult to return to their original cost, the demand of hospitals may not be so urgent." Seimi Zhang, a senior person in the medical device industry, told the First Financial Reporter.

　　Gu Xin, an executive of a multinational gene sequencing equipment manufacturer in China, told the First Financial Reporter that the types of equipment purchased by hospitals are closely related to clinical cognition. "At least at the present stage, the demand for using gene sequencing in clinical diagnosis is relatively small. This is because gene diagnosis is a relatively new discipline, and not many clinicians know this new technology. On the other hand, it is also related to cost. If gene diagnosis can be included in medical insurance in the future, the demand will increase significantly." Gu Xin told the First Financial Reporter.

　　Demand for innovative technology and equipment to be released

　　The first financial reporter learned that although some large tertiary hospitals are actively promoting the construction of research hospitals and strengthening their scientific research capabilities, the medical talent pool in emerging frontier technologies such as gene therapy is still in the early stage.

　　"Some hospitals pay more attention to scientific research, and the dean himself is an academician. They will be more active in the early layout of these new technologies, but the awareness of more hospital leaders is still lacking. Coupled with the current economic challenges, the investment in non-essential equipment will be less active." Gu Xin told the First Financial Reporter.

　　A deputy chief physician of the Department of Cardiology, a large tertiary hospital in Shanghai, told the First Financial Reporter that some genetic diagnosis techniques may be used in the field of structural heart disease, especially congenital heart disease, but they are rarely used as a whole, and their usefulness has not been fully revealed.

　　However, the situation is also changing. With more and more scientific research proving the influence of genes on diseases, precise treatment driven by gene diagnosis will surely receive more attention in the future. "For example, structural heart disease, current research has found that the incidence of a considerable number of patients is related to heredity. With the promotion of related research, precise treatment will definitely become the future trend." Gu Xin said.

　　In the eyes of the industry, this discount loan can not only release part of the clinical equipment demand, but also help accelerate the development of domestic medical equipment.

　　"At present, it is in the historical opportunity period when the country vigorously supports domestic innovative medical device products. I think hospitals may get greater support and encouragement when purchasing domestic devices and equipment." Seimi Zhang, an insider, told the First Financial Reporter.

　　UIH recently publicly responded to the new infrastructure of medical equipment on its WeChat WeChat official account. "We provide customized services for diversified scenarios for medical institutions at all levels for discount applications with tight time and difficult planning." UIH wrote. Since UIH went public at the end of August this year, its share price has risen steadily, and its current market value exceeds 160 billion yuan.

　　In addition, with more and more domestic surgical robots approved for listing by NMPA in China, the market believes that the discount loan policy will also stimulate the demand for technical equipment in this emerging field. For example, Tumai, the first domestic four-arm laparoscopic surgery robot independently developed by minimally invasive medical care, was approved by NMPA not long ago.

　　A domestic head surgery robot manufacturer has told the First Financial Reporter that since the release of the discount loan policy, the enthusiasm of hospitals for purchasing surgical robots is higher than in the past.

　　Jiang Tengfei, senior consulting director of Sullivan’s medical team in Greater China, believes that in terms of surgical robots, China enterprises can combine the advantages of the local market and exert their innovative ability in integrating AI intelligence. "In recent years, in terms of professional surgical instruments, a number of domestic brands with independent intellectual property rights have emerged in the China market, such as endoscopic/orthopedic surgical robots. How these enterprises develop in the future is worthy of attention." Jiang Tengfei told the First Financial Reporter.

　　"Now it seems that China’s centralized procurement policy will continue for a long time, which requires medical device companies to develop more innovative and core technologies that can be independently controlled, and serve the clinical unmet needs at a more competitive price." Seimi Zhang told the First Financial Reporter.

　　In recent years, the state has also issued a series of policies to encourage domestic medical device enterprises to accelerate innovation and become bigger and stronger. Last month, the National Medical Insurance Bureau clearly stated in the Reply of the National Medical Insurance Bureau to Recommendation No.4955 of the Fifth Session of the 13th National People’s Congress that "innovative medical devices will not be included in centralized procurement for the time being", and a certain market should be set aside outside centralized procurement to provide space for innovative products to open up markets.

　　However, in the field of domestic medical devices, there are still some problems in the industrial chain, such as duplication of low-end production capacity and waste of production resources, and there is still an objective gap with the world advanced level. Many products still need to be tested by the market. Enterprises need to further increase investment in R&D, achieve technological breakthroughs, gradually break through the core technical barriers of high-end equipment, and improve the localization rate of high-end medical device products. Take the high-end medical imaging products as an example. At present, the localization rate is less than 10%.

　　Cui Xiaobo, medical managing director of Ipsos medical industry, a consulting company, told the First Financial Reporter: "At first, domestic factories were engaged in the production of some relatively low-end medical device products. In the past few years, with the independent innovation and research and development advocated by the state, some manufacturers also began to develop high-end medical device products, but the core components still rely on imported supply chains, such as tubes and detectors of CT equipment. The problem caused by this is that the procurement cost is high. When it does not reach a certain amount, the enterprise has no bargaining power, so it loses money year after year. "

　　Cui Xiaobo said that although some local manufacturers of head medical devices are doing some independent research and development for some core components and referring to foreign enterprises, it is one thing to assemble medical devices, and it is another to use them well in clinical application. "Especially for the setting of some parameters, because international brands have a lot of overseas research and development or experience in other markets and then get it to the China market, I think there is still a certain gap in this part." He told the first financial reporter.

　　(Feng Jian, Li Bing, Seimi Zhang and Gu Xin in the text are all pseudonyms)