月度归档： 2025 年 7 月

Strive to build a cross-river channel with Yan Road and Ningxuan Expressway. In 2022, Nanjing Traffic will do these practical things for people’s livelihood.

　　On May 5th, Nanjing Transportation announced ten practical projects of transportation in 2022.

　　First, speed up the construction of a river-crossing channel network to serve the masses to travel across the river.

　　Strive to build a river-crossing channel with Yan Road, continue to build Xianxin Road, Jianning West Road and Longtan River-crossing channel, and promote the transformation from "facing each other across the river" to "embracing the river".

　　Second, optimize the expressway network to support the coordinated development of the metropolitan area

　　We will build Ningxuan Expressway, continue to build Ningma Expressway, accelerate the construction of the airport expressway Moling Interchange and other projects, and improve the external traffic corridor.

　　Third, enhance the energy level of the comprehensive hub and build a regional accessible travel network.

　　We will speed up the construction of intercity railway along the Yangtze River in the south, high-speed railway along the Yangtze River in the north and intercity railway in Ninghuai, start the capacity expansion and reconstruction project of Ningwu Railway in an all-round way, and build a high-speed railway network directly connected to the whole country.

　　Fourth, encrypt the national and provincial trunk highway network and promote regional traffic integration

　　Qixia section of National Highway 312 will be built, and Liuhe section of National Highway 328, Pukou section of Provincial Highway 356, Liuhe section of Provincial Highway 501, Jiangning and Yuhua section of Provincial Highway 126, and Ningzhenjie to Qixiang section of National Highway 312 will continue to be built to promote smooth regional traffic.

　　Fifth, optimize and upgrade the public transport service system to facilitate people to travel conveniently and efficiently.

　　Optimize the layout of bus express lines, enrich community microcirculation, customize buses, and connect buses to commuters, and dynamically adjust no less than 30 bus lines throughout the year; Continuously improve the bus waiting environment, and complete the transformation of no less than 100 midway platforms throughout the year; Promote the coordinated development mechanism of cross-regional public transport, further standardize the development of adjacent public transport, promote the integration of urban and rural public transport and urban and rural logistics, and serve rural revitalization.

　　Six, constantly improve the level of management and maintenance, improve the urban road environment.

　　Ensure the safety of urban road and bridge facilities and enhance the pertinence of maintenance, complete the structural inspection of 173 urban roads and 27 urban bridges, create 24 high-quality maintenance demonstration roads, and improve the smoothness and traffic comfort of roads.

　　Seven, promote the construction of agricultural roads with high quality, and help improve people’s livelihood.

　　Promote the development of "four good rural roads", complete the upgrading of rural roads by 150 kilometers, and newly rebuild 6 rural roads bridges.

　　Eight, improve the village road traffic level, improve the life safety protection facilities.

　　Transform the economically weak and underdeveloped village groups to connect roads to the outside world for 80 kilometers, and complete the construction of life safety protection projects for 200 kilometers of rural roads.

　　Nine, promote the prevention and control of pollution from ships, and fight a tough battle against pollution.

　　We will promote the prevention and control of pollution in ports and ships, urge port enterprises to operate all kinds of pollution prevention facilities stably, build a comprehensive application platform for information technology in ports along the Yangtze River, achieve full coverage of berths and shore power, improve the facilities for receiving pollutants from ships, and ensure that all pollutants from ships should be collected. We will continue to promote the upgrading and elimination of state-level and below working vehicles and state-level and below non-road mobile machinery in ports along the Yangtze River, and comprehensively promote the creation of green star-rated ports in Jiangsu Province.

　　Ten, accelerate the construction of urban trunk roads, improve the urban road network system.

　　Continue to build urban roads such as the north extension of Dongqi Road, Zhongshan Gate Street, Ludu Avenue and Hongyun Avenue, deepen the research on the fast-track scheme of Nanjing urban new city, and continue to fight the tough battle of urban traffic congestion and road network convergence.

　　(Source: Jiangsu News Broadcasting/Shi Yi Editor/Wang Ze)

Solve doubts! How to calculate the wages and salaries of employees during the isolation period？

　　Since the outbreak of the cluster epidemic in Xinfadi wholesale market, Beijing has quickly closed the management of key areas, and many measures have been taken to prevent the spread of the epidemic, such as home isolation, centralized isolation and peak-shifting resumption of work. While reducing the flow of people, it also achieved the purpose of effectively blocking the spread of the virus. At present, the epidemic situation directly related to the new land has been basically controlled, and the prevention and control work has achieved positive results. Then, how to calculate the wages of employees during the isolation period? This problem has become the focus of many employers and workers.

　　Scenario 1

　　How to pay the salary of the secret receiver?

　　Xiao Li, an employee of a company in Beijing, was unfortunately infected with COVID-19, so he needed isolation treatment and could not return to work. Xiao Qian, a colleague, was a close contact and needed medical observation because he was in the same office. During the isolation treatment and medical observation, how should the company pay Xiao Li and Xiao Qian’s salary according to the regulations?

　　■ The judge dispels doubts.

　　In order to clarify how to pay wages during the isolation period, government departments and judicial organs have issued a number of documents this year. For example, on January 31st, Beijing Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security issued the Notice on Further Improving the Work Related to Human Resources and Social Security in this Municipality during the Epidemic Prevention and Control Period (hereinafter referred to as the Notice); On April 27th, the Beijing Higher People’s Court and the Beijing Labor and Personnel Dispute Arbitration Commission jointly issued the Answer on the Legal Application of Labor Dispute Cases during the Prevention and Control of Pneumonia in novel coronavirus (hereinafter referred to as the Answer).

　　According to the "Notice", enterprises should treat patients, suspected patients and close contacts infected with pneumonia in novel coronavirus as if they were unable to provide normal labor during their isolation treatment or medical observation, as well as employees who were unable to provide normal labor due to the government’s isolation measures or other emergency measures, and pay their wages, and may not terminate their labor relations. It can be seen that during Xiao Li’s isolation treatment and Xiao Qian’s medical observation, the company should pay their wages normally according to the regulations, and shall not deduct their wages without authorization.

　　In addition, the "Answer" made further provisions on the issue of wage payment during this period. Article 10 stipulates that: during this period, the employer shall pay according to the fixed components such as basic salary and post salary, and may not pay the non-fixed components such as performance, bonus, commission, and other payments related to actual attendance, but it shall not be lower than the minimum wage standard of this Municipality. Therefore, according to the actual working conditions of workers and the actual operation of employers, the company can flexibly grasp the above salary composition of Xiao Li and Xiao Qian under the premise of not being lower than the minimum wage standard in this city. If Xiao Li and Xiao Qian are absent due to isolation, the car and meal supplements related to actual attendance may not be distributed.

　　Scenario 2

　　How to pay for home office?

　　Xiao Zhao is a financial officer of a company, responsible for specific matters such as salary payment and expense reimbursement. In order not to delay the normal operation of the company, he has been working remotely through the network during the period of home isolation observation. At this time, what is special about Xiao Zhao’s salary payment?

　　■ The judge dispels doubts.

　　According to the "Notice", if an enterprise requires employees to work from home through flexible means such as internet and telephone, they should be paid according to the salary income during normal work. At the same time, according to Article 10 of the Answer, if the employer arranges close contacts to work flexibly during medical observation, it shall pay labor remuneration according to the normal attendance of workers. At this time, based on the nature of Xiao Zhao’s work, he adopted the way of network telecommuting to ensure the normal financial operation of the company, so the company should pay Xiao Zhao’s salary according to normal attendance.

　　Scenario 3

　　How to pay wages that can’t provide labor normally?

　　At present, the situation of epidemic prevention and control in Beijing is still grim. During the period of delayed return to work or not, many employees can’t work as usual when they are isolated at home, such as full-time drivers and restaurant waiters. How can the company pay the wages of workers who can’t provide labor normally like this?

　　■ The judge dispels doubts.

　　This scenario should be considered comprehensively according to the actual situation. If the company reasonably arranges for workers to give priority to various holidays such as paid annual leave (including self-designed welfare leave) and comprehensively adjust the use of rest days in 2020, it shall pay labor remuneration according to relevant holiday regulations or normal attendance of workers. Of course, if the company and the laborer reach an agreement on the wage standard through consultation, they can pay the labor remuneration according to the adjusted standard through consultation, but the adjusted wage standard shall not be lower than the minimum wage standard in this city.

　　If the company has not arranged for the workers to use all kinds of holidays, nor has it negotiated with the workers on the issue of wages, the company shall judge the standard of paying wages and remuneration according to the comprehensive situation such as the length of time the workers have not returned to work. If the time for not returning to work is relatively short (generally not more than one month), the company shall pay according to the fixed components such as basic salary and post salary in the workers’ normal working period, and may not pay the non-fixed components such as performance, bonus, commission and other payments related to actual attendance, but it shall not be lower than the minimum wage standard of this Municipality. If the company fails to return to work for a long time, the company can pay the wages to the workers according to Article 27 of the Regulations on Wage Payment in Beijing, that is, pay the basic living expenses of the workers at least 70% of the minimum wage in Beijing.

　　Scenario 4

　　How to pay the wages that still need to be stopped for treatment after the isolation?

　　Xiao Li still needs to continue treatment after isolation treatment. How should the company pay Xiao Li’s salary at this time?

　　■ The judge dispels doubts.

　　According to Article 11 of the Answer, if a worker still needs to stop working and continue treatment after the isolation treatment (whether he is diagnosed with novel coronavirus or not), he shall pay sick pay according to the relevant provisions of the medical treatment period, and the payment standard of sick pay shall be implemented according to Article 21 of the Regulations on Payment of Wages in Beijing, that is, he shall pay sick pay at least 80% of the minimum wage in Beijing. However, if a worker is recognized as a work-related injury according to law, it shall be handled in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Regulations on Work-related Injury Insurance.

　　Finally, it should be pointed out that from a realistic point of view, the epidemic has objectively impacted the production and operation of many employers, and workers are also facing risks such as waiting for jobs and reducing their income. It is suggested that both sides can help each other in the same boat and overcome the difficulties together, and solve the salary adjustment, rotation and rest and other labor and employment problems through consultation. As an employer, in the case that the situation of epidemic prevention and control is still grim, we should consider the long-term development of the unit and give consideration to the resumption of work and the protection of workers’ rights and interests; As a laborer, we should also consider problems from the overall situation, properly and rationally express reasonable demands, and realize the benign and sustainable development of labor relations.

　　(Author: Beijing No.1 Intermediate People’s Court)

Shanzhai is fiercer than fake goods. Pinduoduo Huang Zheng temporarily ＂saved the field＂

　　Attached is the dry goods record of Pinduoduo conference.

　　▲ On July 31, Pinduoduo founder Huang Wei was interviewed by the media in Shanghai.

　　7.5 pieces of milk powder, dozens of pieces of Beinmei milk powder, super bear washing powder, pirated books, blue moon shell laundry detergent, cottage appliances ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

　　On July 31st, just after listing, it was questioned that "China’s anti-counterfeiting will go back 20 years". Facing many storms, Pinduoduo held a press conference in Shanghai to "respond to everything", and co-founder Dada and founder and CEO Huang Zheng responded successively.

　　About ten minutes after Dada expressed that "fake goods are a human problem, fake goods are a social problem, and it is unfair for Pinduoduo, a 3-year-old, to bear the burden", Huang Zheng was called to "rescue the scene".

　　Huang Zheng was not on the interview list originally. He said that this communication will be a temporary arrangement, which conflicts with his existing itinerary, but he still hopes to communicate frankly with the media.

　　This time, Huang Zheng, wearing a blue and white striped polo shirt and casual pants, spent nearly two hours answering reporters’ questions one by one. He bluntly said that the problem of shanzhai is more serious than fake goods, and Pinduoduo did not do well enough.

　　Affected by knockoffs, Pinduoduo opened sharply tonight. As of 23: 00 on July 31st, Pinduoduo dropped 9.87% to US$ 20.28, and its market value has soared by nearly 40% compared with the opening of the listing.

　　The following is the dry goods version of the Pinduoduo conference:

　　Priority will be given to the treatment of infant milk powder in the coming month.

　　Is Pinduoduo platform fake serious? How does it compare with other platforms? How is the governance?

　　In this regard, Huang Zheng said, "The number of real fakes is definitely smaller than the media imagined." Huang Zheng responded, for example, something with 40 yuan, fraud also has a cost. The platform should have values. Some products belong to the traffic, and the benefits are no longer platform, or even consumers. However, the problem of shanzhai is more serious than fake goods, and Pinduoduo is definitely not doing well enough. Different categories should be treated differently.

　　"I can clearly say that in terms of priority, the temporary milk is the first." Huang Zheng said that infant milk powder is different from other foods. If Kang Shuaifu, you are an adult, you won’t eat it when you see it fake, but infants are definitely different. It is irresponsible not to mix the milk powder problem with the TV set problem, lest the world be chaotic.

　　"I have a strong sense that we can’t wait for competitors to say that there is a problem here. We should look back and see what is the real concern of consumers and what is the hype. To solve the problem, from my point of view, it is to first distinguish the nature of things, some are right and wrong, and some are interests. " Huang Zheng, for example, is the problem of temporary milk. For example, the shelf life is two years, and it will expire in one and a half months. From the rules, it is ok. Compared with the shelf life of one year, there is no difference in edibility and safety. So we can’t simply say that other platforms are also selling, and we have no problem selling them.

　　It is a good thing that this problem has been raised and paid attention to. There is a lot of market including going to see the temporary milk, but milk powder is in circulation. How to deal with the temporary milk powder? Most businesses won’t throw it away. This is a question of nature, is it true or not? The question of whether the product can be sold in the near future, and what rules are used to make the product safer and the risk can be controlled as a whole.

　　Huang Zheng said, other issues are interest issues. I won’t give examples of specific brands. For example, I have encountered a relatively high premium before. The actual production cost is 50 yuan, and the profits of intermediate links and brands reach 200 yuan. There are actually many such products. There is a cross-selling of such goods, and the cross-sellers sell them at low prices without strict authorization from the brand owners. This is actually a matter of interest, and even different countries encounter the same problem differently. For example, in the United States, brands can’t control prices, and wholesalers have pricing power. In China, the laws and regulations in this regard are relatively vague.

　　"There are still some situations that are between the two and have played the edge ball." Huang Zheng said, for example, Kang Shuaifu written in the joke is actually not sold on the Pinduoduo platform. There is another problem. I am not 100% convinced in my mind. Although some people have asked about the adulteration of temporary milk, I think there is a lack of in-depth investigation. Our platform has the responsibility to promote it, but the media also need to investigate whether this industrial chain really exists.

　　In response to the anti-counterfeiting measures, Huang Zheng said that priority will be given to infant food, and at the same time, the standards will be clarified to promote the upgrading of the cottage commodity industry.

　　Huang Zheng said that the problem that Pinduoduo has to face is the demand for white cards. There is an effect on the issue of fake goods, and the issue of white cards or shanzhai products. I think the article is a slap in the face, and Pinduoduo has contributed to the paper towel industry. Although Pinduoduo wants to transform its industry, we are not sure. At present, this idea is not mature. There are some plans in the coming month. The number of customers of electrical appliances in Pinduoduo is small, and our order is 30-40 yuan. There were many abnormal negative complaints before listing.

　　Do you want to be a Tmall? Not now, not in the future.

　　Will the quality be improved according to the Tmall model in the future to distinguish it from Pinduoduo products?

　　Huang Zheng said that if you don’t do it now, you won’t do it later, because the Tmall model won’t work. It’s not that we don’t make Tmall to crack down on counterfeit goods, but that our cat is gone before we do it.

　　"It is not enough to search for keywords in the search scene. The price of millet is low but it has achieved quality. Low price does not mean low quality, and the same is true in electrical appliances. " Huang Wei said.

　　And why not be a Tmall? Huang Zheng explained that there is a competition here to do Tmall, and it cannot be done in this way. Not to dilute the label, but to solve it. Solve the problem first, then solve it. If you want to fluctuate, fluctuate, and then solve the label problem. Problems exist, and sooner or later there will be bigger problems.

　　"Shanzhai manufacturers" belong to short-term interests and take advantage of brands. We should guide them like "Dayu Water Control"

　　As for the product of white TV, Huang Zheng said that it is necessary to guide them and guide them to do it. "In itself, they can’t produce TV panels, but they are actually assembled. In the short term, it takes advantage of other people’s brands and has a bad long-term impact on his products. Therefore, a manufacturer wavers in the face of short-term interests, so I think this matter should be the same as Dayu’s water control, because so many factories should be guided to good places. "

　　Regarding the reporters’ reflection that Pinduoduo’s products take advantage of people’s human weakness of being greedy and selling fakes cheaply, Huang Zheng said, "I strongly disagree with the saying of being greedy and cheap."

　　Huang Zheng explained that regardless of income, the choice of consumption is actually different. When a consumer chooses, he will definitely choose the one that suits him, but it doesn’t mean that if he buys this product unwittingly or misleads the consumer, he is not taking advantage, but a victim. But if he has a monthly salary of 3,000 yuan and spends 500 yuan on a TV set, he doesn’t care whether the brand is well-known, which is a cost-effective and affordable choice for him.

　　Wang Xing’s rice said that how Taobao made a fortune ten years ago was forgotten by the public.

　　In this regard, Huang Zheng agreed, "The times are advancing, and our environment is better now. Because there are roads that others have traveled, we have saved a lot of effort. This public opinion storm has also helped us save a lot of manpower. Without everyone’s supervision, we may have to spend a lot of effort to find these problems. Groups including competitors are helping us find problems. On the other hand, it is fortunate for us to forget Taobao ten years ago and remember Pinduoduo now. Better than being forgotten or ignored.

　　"Pinduoduo clothes are non-standard products, and home appliances have brand recognition, so this problem will be more obvious in the field of home appliances. In Pinduoduo, household appliances account for only a small part of the product categories. Whether we should guide them, how brands can be more generous, and some of them may really be to meet different differentiated markets. Xiaomi made Redmi, a product with different gears. If we look at the whole sales volume, Redmi is ahead of Xiaomi. However, people always remember brands from top to bottom. Brand manufacturers can make Redmi, and if they can, they may be able to help them produce.

　　"For white-label manufacturers, the most worrying issue for everyone is the lack of quality control. As a platform, our current personnel are not professional enough, but when Xiaomi went to invest in the ecological chain, it was actually a good attempt, which proved the huge market. So here, because Lei Jun has a deep understanding of this industry, and he has entered for many years, we can empower the "cottage" manufacturers through these experiences, which is the practice of taking social responsibility. Through the guidance and semi-guidance, it is still slow, and there are many "Redmi" in the market. Another way is called "YEATION", and "OEM" is another way. For example, "Chunlan" is credible in the minds of consumers. Today, this factory no longer produces anything. If I am a producer and spend money to buy this bid, I certainly can’t call it a cottage, but it’s not this behavior that we should encourage. Another way is that foreign countries have registered it in China, but Chinese has registered the domestic trademark of this brand.

　　Respond to why it is growing fast: traditional brands can’t cover China users. Pinduoduo is "people are divided into groups."

　　"Consumer behavior has changed, the basic logic of e-commerce has changed, and users no longer focus on search. We just follow the trend." Huang Wei said.

　　Huang Zheng explained that China is a vast country, and the traditional big brands can’t cover all the needs. Our manufacturing foundation is very good. Why can a pair of slippers and paper towels be doubled when they come back from Amazon, including many products sold abroad are made in china? The public’s cognition is out of touch with the actual situation. Is it a consumption upgrade to buy this product? I don’t think so.

　　According to Huang Zheng’s analysis, many problems we have exposed often begin with search, which is called birds of a feather flock together. Pinduoduo, however, "birds of a feather flock together", first separated people from circles, so he lived in a physical space, but it was not a dimension at all. When searching with another set of logic, he returned to the original dimension. So it is incomprehensible.

　　Huang Zheng said that in the future, search will be optimized. The ZTE incident tells us that a large number of core technologies are abroad, the panel production in home appliance enterprises lags behind that in the world, Skyworth has deep-seated problems to be solved, brand certification is a matter of interest, and low-priced genuine products are represented by Xiaomi. For brands, the products are not deceptive, and there are no safety problems. The pressure of people behind is greater than that of people in front, and the brand will be updated.

　　Why are employee options locked for three years?

　　On the morning of July 31, Huang Zheng issued an open letter to all employees, in which he mentioned that "I just finished the staff meeting with everyone, and after all, I locked my options for three years, and continued to work hard, ready to meet the attention, praise, slander and even attack".

　　In this regard, Huang Zheng said that according to American law, the normal employee lock-up period is 6 months, and it is currently required to lock in for 3 years. No longer care about stock fluctuations, lock in for three years so that everyone’s mind is simply calm, regardless of its ups and downs, and it is bound by a system when the inner cultivation is not reached.

　　The following is a record of the press conference of the heads of legal departments of Dada and Spelling:

　　7 pieces of 5 milk powder are chrysanthemum crystal Beinmei milk powder drained by merchants as temporary goods.

　　Is it true that 7 yuan and 50 cents milk powder? In this regard, Dada responded that this is a chrysanthemum crystal used by merchants to drain, not a real milk powder. Seven dollars and a half bought 350 grams of chrysanthemum crystals. We told you very seriously that it was not real milk powder, but chrysanthemum crystals.

　　However, the drainage of chrysanthemum crystals brings discomfort and misleading to consumers. Dada said: This is the behavior of merchants, and there are violations, and corresponding penalties will be taken.

　　Earlier, on July 27th, a picture of "Beingmate Red Aijia Milk Powder sold in 7.5 yuan on the platform of Pinduoduo with the original price of 888 yuan" was widely circulated on the Internet. On the basis of this picture, many media have published relevant reports on whether the whole e-commerce company is selling fake milk powder and expired milk powder, which has aroused widespread public concern.

　　In Pinduoduo, a can of Beinmei milk powder is only 20 yuan? Is it fake? Dada responded that the fake goods are fake, and the temporary goods are products close to the shelf life, which can be promoted. The temporary goods are genuine and safe to use.

　　For the reason of lower price, Dada said that this kind of milk powder is called "temporary milk powder" in China, accounting for about 20% of the sales of the whole milk powder industry. Like Taobao and JD.COM, merchants on the platform of Pinduoduo will often mark the price of the temporary milk as ranging from 20 yuan to 50 yuan according to the different brands of the temporary milk, while the original price is often as high as several hundred yuan.

　　"We will take the lead in updating higher standards in the industry for the problem of imminent milk powder that the society cares about, and we will force the addition of ‘ to the pictures of cans in an eye-catching way like" cigarette boxes remind of risks ". This is the milk powder in its infancy, so please buy it carefully ’ The words ". Dada said.

　　Co-founder Dada said that we had previously handled these products with reference to the common standards of mainstream e-commerce platform industries. However, after this public opinion, we found that it is not enough to deal with temporary food only according to industry standards.

　　"We hope to appeal to platforms such as Taobao, JD.COM and Tmall to jointly discuss and formulate new self-discipline standards for e-commerce sales of temporary milk, and work together to eliminate possible food safety hazards on e-commerce platforms." Dada said.

　　Before this conclusion is reached or the relevant state departments formulate new corresponding industry norms, Pinduoduo will uniformly and forcibly mark the word "impending" for infant milk powder, and prompt its expiration time in real time, so as to remind consumers to buy it carefully and take it off the shelves before the real shelf life comes.

　　Responding to Shanzhai Skyworth and other household appliances:

　　The data of Tianfeng is wrong, it is impossible to fake Skyworth, and other platforms also have it.

　　On July 28th, Shenzhen Skyworth -RGB Electronics Co., Ltd., the major shareholder of Skyworth Digital (000810), issued a statement on the issue of a large number of TV products selling counterfeit Skyworth brands on the shopping platform in Pinduoduo, saying that the company was concerned that a large number of TV products selling counterfeit Skyworth brands appeared on the "Pinduoduo" shopping platform, which seriously infringed the rights and interests of consumers and Skyworth brands. The company is making solemn representations with "Pinduoduo", demanding that it immediately stop all the exhibition and sales activities of counterfeit Skyworth TV products.

　　On the 30th, Tianfeng Retail climbed the top 100 SKUs of household appliances sales in the 30 trading days up to July 27th to see the data, analyzed 100 SKUs of household appliances, and combined with the data, thought about the counterfeit and shoddy problems in Pinduoduo.

　　After the analysis, Tianfeng Retail concluded that among the TOP100 products in household appliances sales, the total transaction volume in the first 30 trading days was 79.23 million yuan, and the sales volume was 137,100 units. There are 39 goods suspected of counterfeiting brands, and the total sales of these 39 brands account for 57.82% and the sales volume accounts for 63.37%.

　　In this regard, Dada said, "The data is wrong. If the data is so easy, so many technicians in Pinduoduo will be in vain."

　　As for Skyworth’s accusation of defending rights, Dada responded, firstly, any seller and consumer in Pinduoduo knows very well that the sales of any goods in Pinduoduo are cumulative sales, not 30-day sales. Pinduoduo’s sales in the past year were more than 260 billion yuan. Can such a small scale support a white brand machine (compared with a branded machine, a white brand machine is a commodity without a brand)? It is impossible.

　　"Skyworth said that it is impossible for us to copy his products. Other platforms also have it. There is overcapacity in this industry. " Dada said.

　　Dada responded, "We studied the history and experience of Taobao for 18 years before. I hope that after this storm in Pinduoduo, we hope to solve and standardize the problem of white-label machines with major platforms in the industry."

　　Does Pinduoduo indulge cottage appliance merchants?

　　Dada: We are willing to work with Ali and other friends to standardize the white card machine.

　　Compared with other e-commerce platforms, the merchants of fake products will be downgraded, and some merchants in Pinduoduo have obvious infringement and a lot of sales, but the ranking is still high. So, does Pinduoduo indulge these fake products?

　　In response to a question from duiaojingkeji, Dada said, firstly, the labeling of brand involves the construction of database. This is a complicated process. At present, the databases being built in Pinduoduo include mobile phones and digital industries, and consumers can find their desired brands on the platform.

　　For the whole household appliance industry, the number of products purchased by 300 million users in Pinduoduo is 1/10 of that of Taobao. Dada said that in the future, on the one hand, more brands will be introduced to give consumers genuine guarantees. On the other hand, the cost of white-label machines is not high, such as the LCD screen of TV sets, which is mostly marketing cost. Willing to work with friends such as Ali to standardize the white card machine can make the industry problems more benign.

　　When the narwhal (dujiaojingkeji) asked "Is this part of the work done enough?" Dada responded that Pinduoduo is only 3 years old and has more time to study.

　　Will the problem "white card machine" and health care products be removed in the future?

　　On July 31, Pinduoduo said that the new product Xiaomi, a cottage product, had been removed. Then, will other cottage white card machines be removed in the future?

　　In this regard, Dada responded that Pinduoduo’s values are to put consumers first, meet consumer needs and enhance consumer experience. White-brand machines are not only a problem in Pinduoduo, but also exist in other e-commerce platforms. It is unfair to put all the industry problems on Pinduoduo. Frankly speaking, Pinduoduo can’t solve all the problems in the industry.

　　"We find the problem from the source, seek partners from the industry and industrial chain, and solve the problem together". Dada said.

　　"The problem of cracking down on counterfeit goods is an industry problem," Dada explained. The review of special goods is similar to that of intellectual property rights. Before Pinduoduo, there were two major e-commerce platforms, and their practices were our reference objects, and they also had strict management, such as products involving pornography and violence, which were removed from the shelves. After many goods are put on the shelves, there is no traffic, or traffic tests are carried out. Backstage goods have scores, sales scores and quality scores. When the data is abnormal, colleagues in the quality inspection department will go in and deal with it.

　　Responding to "listing in the evening to make China fake for 20 years"?

　　Fake goods are a matter of human nature and right and wrong, not interests.

　　Faced with a flood of accusations of counterfeit goods, a WeChat article in WeChat official account, "Going public in the evening to make China fake for 20 years", went viral on the Internet.

　　"Fake goods are human issues." In this regard, Dada responded.

　　Dada explained that fakes were rampant in the 1990 s, and it was proposed that there were no fakes in 100,000 stores. Today, there are still very effective measures in the development of Pinduoduo, such as tracing the source and various new technologies. During the three years since the founding of Pinduoduo, we have learned many technologies from our predecessors and formulated very strict anti-counterfeiting policies. But one thing to say is that although Pinduoduo is listed, its e-commerce scale is not so large, and the business of Pinduoduo as a whole accounts for a very small proportion of the whole industry.

　　Dada said that counterfeiting is not a family matter. Everyone in the same industry will fight counterfeiting together from the supply chain to the downstream sales end, and there will be fewer and fewer fakes.

　　How to solve the problem of counterfeit goods? Dada said: We are all learning from the excellent experience of our predecessors. Pinduoduo has its own purchasing team to review abnormal goods, such as many complaints from consumers or abnormal prices, and will cooperate with the anti-counterfeiting department of the brand to obtain evidence for anti-counterfeiting, and at the same time provide a consumer protection fund of 150 million yuan to ensure that consumers can get compensation at the first time.

　　"The problem of counterfeit goods is a social problem, and it is unfair for Pinduoduo, who is 3 years old, to bear it." Dada said, "For white-brand TV sets and infant milk powder, we need to find out what the problems are in these two industries. If there are any good solutions for Pinduoduo, if better brands and … … We can solve this problem together, and it is in line with Pinduoduo’s values for consumers to buy their own satisfactory products. "

　　How will Pinduoduo crack down on counterfeiting in the future? Dada said, "This is a question of right and wrong, not interest. We must fight. " If it hurts consumers, we will resolutely deal with it. We will join the supply chain and industrial chain. Besides learning from the experience of our predecessors, Pinduoduo will try its best to improve the efficiency of counterfeiting through technology.

　　"Fake goods did not appear before Pinduoduo, but appeared in Taobao and JD.COM." Dada said that there is still a long way to go to learn how to identify and crack down on counterfeit goods better.

　　Responding to "Technical Counterfeiting Inaction":

　　Some technical means and methods are inconvenient to make public, and Taobao is not open.

　　In response to the question of "counterfeiting inaction", Dada responded that we have actually done a lot of things to intercept infringing links, but some technical means and methods are inconvenient to disclose. For example, Taobao will not disclose the interception rules.

　　Is there a zero threshold for opening a shop in Pinduoduo? Gradually raise the margin threshold.

　　Previously, Pinduoduo was hit with a zero threshold. In this regard, Dada explained, "We have been learning and referring to Taobao, and the threshold for Taobao is also very low." For example, the threshold for household appliances has increased from 1,000 to 10,000 yuan. Including some categories of goods, Pinduoduo keeps raising the threshold. Strengthen technical strength, Pinduoduo will do random inspection and other actions. At the same time, Pinduoduo’s 150 million yuan consumer fund was paid in advance.

　　Zheng Yuanjie pirated books are still on sale? It has been removed from the shelf.

　　In addition, regarding the piracy of fairy tales by the famous writer Zheng Yuanjie, the head of the legal department of Pinduoduo said, "We have many channels to protect intellectual property rights. We handled it very quickly, communicated with the Zheng Yuanjie team, and will handle it quickly within an hour, and there are green channels to speed up the processing. " In this regard, Zheng Yuanjie also sent a message in Weibo expressing satisfaction with the speed of Pinduoduo’s handling.

　　Narwhal query found that Zheng Yuanjie had sent Weibo on the evening of July 30th, saying, "After receiving my report, Pinduoduo immediately closed the store of Xingxingbao Home Life franchise store selling Pipiru’s books, and the funds were frozen, so it was blacklisted. According to my request, Pinduoduo instructed the pirated booksellers to report to china charity federation ‘ Care for children tomorrow ’ The project donated RMB 10,000. Later, it was discovered that online bookstores sold pirated Pipiru Lu Xixi books, which were all handled according to this right protection. "

Shanghai ＂Silk Road E-commerce＂ has become a new engine of cross-border trade

After the fourth China International Import Expo(CIIE), it rose to become the "vanguard" of general trade. Finding out the password of China’s consumption upgrade also helped domestic products go to sea.
Shanghai "Silk Road E-commerce" has become a new engine of cross-border trade

After each session of China International Import Expo(CIIE), Czech crystal handicrafts of the Sino-Czech Co-promotion Center will be seamlessly connected with the cross-border e-commerce platform, becoming the "same model for entering the Expo" that consumers can buy online at the first time. This year’s hot sale is a hand-carved gold bowl, and the price of 4800 yuan is still difficult to stop consumers from chasing.

Czech crystal attracts imitators. This year, I participated in a French minority skin care product in China International Import Expo(CIIE) for the first time, and immediately entered Qingpu Comprehensive Insurance Zone after the exhibition, which also turned into a cross-border e-commerce product. Once a consumer places an order, the goods can be delivered directly from the warehouse in the comprehensive insurance zone.

Not far from Wan Li, they came to Shanghai and became participants in the Silk Road E-commerce. China’s accession to the WTO for 20 years has activated the world economy. Now China focuses on promoting the development of cross-border e-commerce in countries and regions along the "Belt and Road" and once again injects new impetus into global trade facilitation.

It is understood that China’s cross-border e-commerce was launched in 2013. In recent years, with China’s continuous expansion and opening-up, China’s market consumption has been escalating, and more and more "Belt and Road" featured minority products have been tried out in China through cross-border e-commerce channels, and many of them have gone through the upgrade path from "trying new products" to "exploding models" and then to "big trade goods". "Silk Road E-commerce" has become the vanguard of general trade by exploring the password of China’s consumption upgrade.

China International Import Expo(CIIE) was on fire.

The Sino-Czech Co-promotion Center, which is already a "veteran of the Four Dynasties" in China International Import Expo(CIIE), is a typical "Silk Road E-commerce". In recent years, it has taken more than 70% of China’s imports of crystal handicrafts from the Czech Republic, but its president Zhang Peng knows how to treat them differently-for those mature models, most of them are imported by general trade, while new models with high added value take cross-border e-commerce. "Because it is uncertain in advance whether the new models will be popular in China, cross-border e-commerce has undoubtedly become a fast and economical choice."

Zhao Jian, the general manager of Cainiao International Supply Chain, is deeply involved in cross-border e-commerce logistics, and is keen on studying the Silk Road Special Line. Last year, together with airlines, customs and other departments, he tried out the first cross-border direct mail "Xiaozhongxiang" route in Germany, which was filled with perfumed articles that had never entered the China market but had a good reputation in Europe. During the "Shuang Dan" last year, it was able to be delivered directly from Europe to China every day.

In Zhao Jian’s eyes, cross-border e-commerce has many benefits. "It’s like shopping abroad, and its taxation and entry requirements are naturally different from those of general trade imports. At the end of 2018, six ministries and commissions, including the Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs, jointly issued a document to supervise cross-border e-commerce retail imports according to personal use, not to implement the requirements for approval, registration or filing of the first import license of the relevant goods, and to be exempted from customs duties. Only 9.1% of cross-border e-commerce comprehensive tax is levied, that is, 13% of value-added tax is 30% off. Many consumers fancy that cross-border e-commerce has a real customs declaration form, which is more reliable than the’ purchasing’ that is difficult to distinguish between true and false, and commodity prices are also competitive because of preferential tax rates. "

However, according to Lao Yuling, director of the E-commerce Research Center of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, the "Silk Road E-commerce" really became popular after it was held in China International Import Expo(CIIE). "China International Import Expo(CIIE) has ignited consumers’ new ideas, and they are eager to see’ entering Bo with the same paragraph’ on the cross-border e-commerce platform. As a result, Malaysian health products, Polish goat milk masks, Angolan beer and chocolate-flavored coffee all appeared in China International Import Expo(CIIE) and quickly launched cross-border e-commerce platforms. " According to Shanghai Customs data, in the first three quarters of 2019 after the first China International Import Expo(CIIE), the import volume of cross-border e-commerce online shopping bonded trade in Shanghai increased by 40.3%.

Stimulate Shanghai’s institutional innovation.

According to the figures published in China International Fair for Trade in Services in 2021, in the past five years, the scale of cross-border e-commerce in China has increased nearly tenfold, and the import and export volume last year has reached 1.69 trillion yuan. As one of the first pilot cities of cross-border e-commerce in China in 2013, Shanghai has always played the role of a leader. In the first half of this year, the transaction scale showed double-digit growth continuously, ranking first in the country. The RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement), which will come into effect in January next year, will stimulate the re-innovation of the Shanghai system. Under the framework of RCEP, the number of products with zero tariff in goods trade will reach 90%, which will greatly stimulate the development of cross-border e-commerce among RCEP member countries.

To be a big "silk road e-commerce", the speed must be fast. Shanghai is already in action. For example, a Japanese direct purchase import order has been able to place an order today and receive the goods the next day. It is reported that at present, Shanghai has established a rapid customs clearance mechanism for cross-border e-commerce. The longest time from the arrival of goods at customs supervision sites to customs clearance is no more than 24 hours, and a large number of low-risk declared goods can even be released in seconds.

In addition to quick release, there is also the convenience of collecting taxes. In order to support the development of "Silk Road E-commerce", Shanghai Customs has launched a customs clearance mode of "list approval and centralized tax payment", and e-commerce enterprises can apply for a summary payment form from the customs within 31 days to 45 days from the date of cross-border parcel release. This has greatly facilitated enterprises, and a large number of e-commerce companies have set the import port of cross-border direct purchase business in Shanghai, and also set the cross-border purchase "flow test" at double 11, Double 12 and Black 5 consumer carnival points at the Shanghai port.

Cross-border supply chain is strong

"Silk Road E-commerce" is a two-way trade. On the one hand, foreign brands explore the China market, and on the other hand, domestic products go to sea. The data shows that in the total scale of cross-border e-commerce transactions in China last year, the export volume was three times that of imports.

Foreigners’ enthusiasm for China goods is related to the overseas promotion efforts of "Silk Road E-commerce" such as Tmall International, Koala Haibao and AliExpress in recent two years. For example, AliExpress, the number of overseas users who participated in the "double 11" chop has surged this year, among which Brazilian users are the most enthusiastic, exceeding the turnover of one hour last year in just 15 minutes.

Last month, in Tik Tok’s international Tik Tok, Russian online celebrity Regsem, with 4 million fans, excitedly exposed the Bluetooth speaker from China that she received in just 10 days. Behind this consumption experience beyond foreigners’ expectations is the cost reduction and speed-up brought by the accelerated overseas distribution of cross-border logistics from China.

It is reported that in recent years, express delivery companies such as Zhongtong, Yuantong and Yunda, as well as cross-border supply chain solution providers such as rookie and Newegg, have seized positions along the "Belt and Road".

According to the data of the Ministry of Commerce, there are nearly 2,000 overseas warehouses of cross-border e-commerce in China, covering an area of 12 million square meters. For example, Zhongtong has built 40 overseas warehouses and 17 cross-border advantage lines, achieving global business. The cross-border logistics of the AliExpress platform is guaranteed by the rookie. At present, European consumers can buy a Chinese-made thermos cup on AliExpress, and they can choose the service of "5 dollars for 10 days". Such freight and timeliness are even cheaper and faster than those in Europe and America.

It is reported that China has established bilateral e-commerce cooperation mechanisms with 22 countries on five continents, and "Silk Road E-commerce" is becoming a new engine of international economic and trade cooperation in the construction of the "Belt and Road". In this process, the efficiency and cost advantages of China’s cross-border supply chain are highlighted, and the gap between China logistics companies and the three giants of international express delivery is also expected to be rapidly narrowed by the construction of "Silk Road E-commerce". (Reporter Li Ye)

Samsung Galaxy Z Fold5 comprehensively evaluates what new tricks can the folding pioneers have？


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As a new form of new technology, folding screen mobile phone is undoubtedly the "small fresh meat" in this category of mobile phone. Looking back carefully, I can even remember the excitement and surprise of seeing the folding screen mobile phone for the first time. However, from the time point of view, the folding screen mobile phone has gone through five years since its birth, and it tends to be stable in durability, performance, experience and other aspects, and has become the flagship product of mainstream mobile phone brands. …

Report on the latest epidemic situation of CDC!

Suzhou release

April 11th

Issued by the National Influenza Center

No.799, 14th week, 2024

China Influenza Surveillance Weekly

↓ ↓ ↓

Summary of influenza epidemic situation in China

(As of April 7, 2024)

Monitoring data show that the positive rate of influenza virus detection in southern and northern provinces continued to decline this week. B(Victoria) strain is the main strain, followed by A(H1N1)pdm09 subtype and A(H3N2) subtype. Five outbreaks of influenza-like cases were reported nationwide.

From October 2, 2023 to April 7, 2024 (based on the experimental date), 68 strains (95.8%) of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus were similar to A/Victoria/4897/2022; 758 strains (34.8%) of influenza virus subtype A(H3N2) are similar strains of A/Darwin/9/2021 (chicken embryo strain); 745 strains (34.2%) were similar to A/Darwin/6/2021 (cell strain); B(Victoria) strain 1785 (99.0%) is similar to B/Austria/1359417/2021.

Since October 2, 2023, drug resistance monitoring showed that all influenza strains of subtype A(H1N1)pdm09 were sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors, except one strain of subtype A(H1N1)pdm09. All strains of influenza A(H3N2) and influenza B are sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors. All influenza strains A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) subtype and B are sensitive to polymerase inhibitors.

Epidemic situation of novel coronavirus infection in China

(March 2024)

First, the report of severe infections and deaths in Covid-19.

From March 1 to March 31, 2024, 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps reported 588 new cases of severe illness and 26 deaths (including 1 case of respiratory failure caused by Covid-19 infection and 25 cases of death caused by Covid-19 infection). See figure 1.

Fig. 1 Report of new severe and fatal cases of infection in Covid-19.

Two, the national fever clinic (clinic) diagnosis and treatment.

From March 1 to March 31, 2024, the number of fever clinics (consultation rooms) in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps fluctuated around 160,000, rising from 143,000 on March 1 to 188,000 on March 12 (the highest this month), and then fluctuating down to the lowest of 134,000 on March 30. See figure 2.

Fig. 2 The changing trend of the number of fever clinics (consulting rooms) in China.

Third, the sentinel hospital monitoring situation

From the 10th week (March 4-March 10) to the 13th week (March 25-March 31) in 2024, the proportion of influenza-like cases in outpatient (emergency) consultations in sentinel hospitals in China decreased slightly, and the proportion of influenza-like cases was 5.6%, 5.3%, 4.9% and 4.9% respectively. See figure 3-1.

Figure 3-1 Changing trend of influenza-like cases reported by sentinel hospitals in China

The Covid-19 positive rate of influenza-like cases increased from 18.2% in the 10th week (March 4th-March 10th) to 21.1% in the 11th week (March 11th-March 17th) in 2024, and then decreased to 15.9% in the 13th week (March 25th-March 31st). See figure 3-2.

Figure 3-2 Trends of COVID-19 and Influenza Virus Positive Rate of Influenza-like Cases in National Sentinel Hospitals

IV. Monitoring of virus variation in local cases

From March 1 to March 31, 2024, Covid-19 infected by local cases submitted by 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps were all Omicron variants, covering 89 evolutionary branches. The main epidemic strains were JN.1 series variants, and the top three were JN.1, JN.1.4 and JN.1.1 respectively. See figure 4.

Fig. 4 Variation trend of local cases infected in novel coronavirus in China.

The temperature rose in April.

Pathogenic microorganisms are active.

Citizens’ outing increased.

In places where people are relatively concentrated

It is easy to cause the spread of respiratory infectious diseases

here

Remind the general public, teachers and students at school

Take good health protection.

Original title: "The latest epidemic situation report of China CDC! 》

Read the original text

Protection of Privacy and Personal Information in China’s Civil Code

　

　　In modern society, the protection of privacy and personal information is highly valued by all countries. In order to better protect the personality rights of the broad masses of people, in view of various outstanding problems in the field of privacy and personal information in practice, China’s Civil Code has made special provisions on privacy and personal information protection on the basis of existing legal provisions. In Chapter 6 "Privacy and Protection of Personal Information" of the Personal Rights of the Civil Code, not only the basic concepts of privacy, personal information and the handling of personal information are clearly defined, but also the types of behaviors that infringe on privacy that are prohibited, the principles that should be followed in handling personal information, the elements of legality and the rational use of personal information are clearly defined, and the relationship between privacy and protection of personal information is also stipulated. In understanding and applying the provisions on privacy and personal information protection in the Civil Code, there are three issues that need attention.

　　First, the right to privacy and the meaning of privacy

　　The so-called right to privacy refers to the right that a natural person enjoys without infringement on his privacy, which is a specific personality right. The first paragraph of Article 1032 of the Civil Code stipulates: "Natural persons have the right to privacy. No organization or individual may infringe upon the privacy rights of others by spying, harassing, revealing or making public. " The right to privacy protects the privacy of natural persons. From the word privacy itself, we can see that there are two characteristics: one is "hidden", that is, it is not public. If it has been publicly or legally disclosed by natural persons, it is not privacy; The second is "private", that is, private matters, which have nothing to do with the rights and interests of others and public interests. It is from these two aspects that the second paragraph of Article 1032 of the Civil Code defines privacy as: "The private life of a natural person is peaceful and the private space, private activities and private information that others do not want to know." This shows that:

　　1. Privacy is only owned by natural persons. Because the protection of privacy is closely related to the spiritual interests of natural persons, it is fundamentally to safeguard personal freedom and protect personal dignity. In other words, only natural persons can enjoy the spiritual interests that need legal protection for privacy. As for legal persons and unincorporated organizations, there is no privacy problem. Legal persons and unincorporated organizations also have activities and information that they don’t want to be known to others, and there is also a need for the order of work activities not to be disturbed and destroyed, but these are either state secrets, business secrets, or the order of production and operation or public activities.

　　2. Privacy in China’s law is divided into: private life is peaceful and private space, private activities and private information that others don’t want to know. (1) Peace in private life can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. In a broad sense, peace in private life can actually cover private space, private activities and private information. Because the second paragraph of Article 1032 of the Civil Code defines privacy, it juxtaposes private life peace with private space, so the private life peace in this paragraph refers to the narrow sense of private life peace, that is, the state that the personal life of a natural person is not illegally invaded by others. (2) Private space, private activities and private information that others do not want to know. It should be said that there is overlapping among the three. Because private space often carries out private activities or stores private information, such as husband and wife’s sexual life in the house, personal diaries stored in personal laptops or software programs. But it doesn’t completely overlap, because there are also private activities and private information in the public space. For example, in the lobby of a restaurant, two friends are chatting while eating, which is also a private activity and cannot be eavesdropped by others or made public. Private space is opposite to public space. Item 2 of Article 1033 of the Civil Code lists private spaces such as "houses and hotel rooms", but it is not limited to this. Private spaces also exist in public places such as restaurants, parks, banks and stations. In addition, private space includes not only physical space, but also intangible space, such as e-mail, WeChat group, nail group, etc., and also belongs to private space. Private activities refer to activities that natural people don’t want to be known to others.Such as the dinner of relatives and friends, the conversation between friends, etc.

　　Private information is also called private information. China’s civil code does not divide sensitive information and non-sensitive information, but divides personal information into private information and non-private information. As for the identification of private information, it should be said that some of them are uncontroversial, such as personal health information, criminal record, property status, sexual orientation, etc., and definitely belong to private information. However, the name, appearance, gender, etc. of a natural person are not private information, because these information, especially names, are originally used for social communication and cannot be used as private information. Whether some personal information belongs to private information is controversial, such as personal online reading records, web browsing information, etc. Because our country adopts different protection methods for private information and non-private information in law, it is very important to distinguish them in judicial practice in the future. The author thinks that the obligee should not unilaterally decide whether a certain information belongs to private information, that is, it should not define private information from the obligee’s subjective understanding, but should first judge it according to the provisions of laws and regulations. If there is no provision, it should consider the following two factors comprehensively: (1) The more important the information is to safeguard the personal and property rights, personal dignity and personal freedom of natural persons, the more important it is. (2) How important is the information to maintain normal social communication and information freedom? The more important it is, the less it belongs to private information.

　　Second, the nature of personal information rights and interests

　　In order to coordinate the relationship between the protection of personal information of natural persons and the free flow and utilization of information, China’s Civil Code does not stipulate the right to personal information, but uses the expression of "personal information protection". Nevertheless, from the relevant provisions of the civil code on the protection of personal information, we can know that: first of all, natural persons enjoy civil rights rather than public rights for personal information. The core feature of personal information is identification, that is, only information that can identify a specific natural person belongs to personal information. This feature determines that the protection of personal information is not an end in itself, but a risk of infringement on the personal property rights and interests of natural persons, even personal dignity and personal freedom caused by the processing of personal information. Therefore, from the perspective of the natural person as the subject of personal information, its main interest is a defensive interest, that is, the interest that the natural person enjoys for personal information to prevent personal property rights and interests from being infringed or even personal dignity and personal freedom from being infringed or damaged due to the illegal handling of personal information. Although it is necessary to coordinate various interests in the protection of personal information, including the protection of natural person’s rights and interests, the maintenance of reasonable freedom of behavior and public interests, the confirmation of natural person’s personal information rights and interests cannot be opposed to the coordination of various interests around personal information. The legal confirmation and protection of the personal information rights and interests of natural persons is itself the definition of the freedom or interest boundaries of other subjects around personal information.

　　Secondly, the rights and interests of personal information protect the personality interests of natural persons. Although the Civil Code does not stipulate the right to personal information, the second paragraph of Article 990 of the Civil Code stipulates: "In addition to the personality right stipulated in the preceding paragraph, natural persons enjoy other personality rights based on personal freedom and personal dignity." Therefore, the personal information rights and interests of natural persons can be classified as other personal rights and interests of natural persons based on personal freedom and personal dignity. Articles 1037 and 1029 of the Civil Code stipulate the specific content of personal information rights and interests.

　　Thirdly, the rights and interests of personal information can protect the spiritual and economic interests of natural persons. China’s civil legislation and judicial practice always adhere to the unitary protection mode of personality right, that is, the protection of spiritual interests and economic interests is realized simultaneously through the personality right system. On the one hand, if property losses are caused by infringement of personal information rights and interests, the infringer may, according to Article 182 of the Civil Code, require the infringer to compensate according to the losses of the infringer or the profits of the infringer; If it is difficult to determine the loss and profit, the people’s court shall determine the amount of compensation according to the actual situation. On the other hand, if the infringement of personal information rights and interests causes serious mental damage, the infringed person has the right to request compensation for mental damage according to the first paragraph of Article 183 of the Civil Code. Therefore, there is no need to create a separate property right of personal information to protect the economic interests of natural persons on personal information.

　　Third, the difference between privacy and personal information rights and interests

　　Privacy and personal information rights and interests are two different personality rights and interests stipulated in China’s civil code, both of which can only be enjoyed by natural persons. The close relationship between the two shows that private information belongs to both privacy and personal information, and the legal provisions on the protection of personal information can be applied. Therefore, the second paragraph of Article 1034 of the Civil Code stipulates: "Private information in personal information shall be subject to the provisions on privacy; If there is no provision, the provisions on the protection of personal information shall apply. " However, there are obvious differences between privacy and personal information protection.

　　1. The strength of legal protection varies with the nature of rights and interests. As a specific personality right, privacy right belongs to absolute right and domination right in nature, and has the effect on the world. Any organization or individual must respect the right to privacy and shall not infringe upon or hinder it. Personal information rights and interests are not specific personality rights, let alone absolute rights and control rights, but only personality interests protected by law. This difference in nature determines that there are the following differences in the intensity and density of protection: (1) Whether the prohibition system of personality right protection is applicable is different. When the right of privacy is infringed, the obligee can apply the prohibition system of personality right stipulated in Article 997 of the Civil Code. However, when personal information is infringed, it cannot be applied. (2) Whether the fair use system is applicable is different. Although there are restrictions on the right to privacy, there is no reasonable use of the right to privacy. Because the right to privacy is very important to the personal dignity of natural persons. The protection of personal information must coordinate the relationship between the protection of natural person’s rights and interests and the free and reasonable use of information. Therefore, according to Article 999 of the Civil Code, those who conduct news reporting and supervision by public opinion for the public interest can use personal information reasonably. At the same time, Article 1036 also specifically stipulates the exemption reasons for infringing personal information. None of these provisions apply to the right to privacy. (3) The legal rank of whether exceptions can be stipulated is different. According to Article 1033 of the Civil Code, the exception for infringement of privacy can only be made by "law"; According to the first paragraph of Article 1035, "laws and administrative regulations"You can make other provisions on whether it is necessary to obtain the consent of a natural person or his guardian to handle personal information.

　　2. Whether it can be used by others is different in commercial utilization. Privacy holders can dispose of their rights by themselves, such as disclosing their private information on the Internet or to the media, but privacy cannot be licensed to others. Because the right to privacy is mainly a passive defense function, it does not have the power to actively use it. Permission to use privacy will violate the mandatory provisions of laws and administrative regulations or the consequences of public order and good customs. Personal information can be used by others.

　　3. The rules for handling personal information are different. According to the fifth item of Article 1033 of the Civil Code, dealing with other people’s private information is either with the "explicit consent" of the privacy holder or according to the law, otherwise, any organization or individual’s behavior of dealing with other people’s private information constitutes an infringement of privacy. However, according to Article 1035 of the Civil Code, personal information dealing with non-confidential information is either in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations or with the "consent" of the natural person or his guardian. It can be seen that there are two differences in the rules for handling private information and non-private personal information in the Civil Code: First, the consent of the obligee must be obtained for handling private information, while the consent of the natural person or his guardian can be obtained for handling non-private personal information. In other words, the guardian can’t agree with others to handle the private information of the ward without authorization. This is because privacy is more significant to the obligee. Secondly, it is necessary to obtain the "explicit consent" of the obligee when dealing with private information, while it is necessary to obtain the consent of the natural person or his guardian when dealing with non-private personal information. Explicit consent means that the natural person should not only express his consent in accordance with the law, but also express his intention to deal with the private information separately. Consent is not required to be a separate consent, nor is it required to be made only for the specific personal information being processed, but it can be a general consent.

　　(The author is a professor at Tsinghua University Law School)

　

Personal payment accounts are divided into three types of management.

On December 28th, the central bank promulgated the Administrative Measures for Online Payment Services of Non-bank Payment Institutions, which divided personal online payment accounts into three categories based on the idea that small payment is more convenient and large payment is more secure, and the transaction limit of each category using the balance of payment accounts is different. Class I accounts are mainly suitable for customers to make small and temporary payments. In order to give consideration to convenience and security, the transaction limit of Class I accounts is relatively low, but payment institutions can upgrade Class I accounts to Class II or III accounts by strengthening customer identity verification, so as to increase the transaction limit.

On December 28th, the People’s Bank of China promulgated the Administrative Measures for Online Payment Services of Non-bank Payment Institutions, which came into effect on July 1st, 2016. The relevant person in charge of the central bank answered the reporter’s question.

Small payment emphasizes convenience, while large payment emphasizes safety.

Q: What are the regulatory ideas and main regulatory measures of the measures introduced this time?

A: The People’s Bank of China has established the regulatory thinking of adhering to the real-name registration system of payment accounts, balancing the safety and efficiency of payment business, protecting consumers’ rights and interests and promoting payment innovation. The main measures include:

The first is to clearly define the positioning of payment institutions. Adhere to the principle of small convenience and service for e-commerce, and effectively isolate cross-market risks. Second, insist on paying the account real-name registration system. This is also the basis of anti-money laundering, anti-terrorist financing and curbing illegal and criminal activities. In view of the characteristics of online payment without face-to-face account opening, the regulatory requirements for payment institutions to identify customer identity information through external multi-channel cross-verification are strengthened. The third is to give consideration to payment security and efficiency. Based on the management idea that small payment is more convenient and large payment is more secure, according to the different security levels of transaction verification, the transaction limit for using the balance of payment account is arranged accordingly, so as to guide payment institutions to adopt security verification means to ensure the safety of customers’ funds. The fourth is to highlight the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of individual consumers. Guide payment institutions to establish a sound risk control mechanism, improve customer rights protection mechanisms such as customer loss compensation and error dispute handling, and effectively reduce the risk of online payment services.

The fifth is to implement classified supervision to promote innovation. Implement differentiated management of payment institutions and their related businesses, and guide and promote payment institutions to carry out technological innovation, process innovation and service innovation on the premise of meeting basic conditions and substantive compliance.

Payment accounts are obviously different from bank accounts.

Q: What is the difference between the payment account mentioned in the Administrative Measures and the bank account?

A: The payment account was originally opened by the payment institution to facilitate customers’ online payment and solve the low trust between buyers and sellers in e-commerce transactions, which is obviously different from the bank account.

First, the subjects providing account services are different. Payment accounts are opened by payment institutions for customers, which are mainly used for payment settlement of e-commerce transactions. Bank accounts are opened by banking financial institutions for customers, and the account funds are used not only for payment and settlement, but also for the purpose of maintaining and increasing value.

Second, the nature and guarantee mechanism of account fund balance are different. The balance of the payment account is similar to the balance in the prepaid card, which is deposited in the bank by the payment institution in its own name and actually controlled by the payment institution. This balance is not protected by the deposit insurance regulations. Once the payment institution has operational risk or credit risk, it may cause customers to suffer property losses.

Personal payment accounts are divided into three categories.

Q: How to manage personal online payment accounts?

A: The classification of payment accounts, taking into account the safety and efficiency of payment, can meet the diversified needs of different customers and show respect for customers’ right to choose.

Methods Individual payment accounts are divided into three categories. Among them, Class I accounts only need an external channel to verify the customer’s identity information (for example, online verification of resident identity card information), and the account balance can be used for consumption and transfer, which is mainly suitable for small and temporary payment of customers, and the identity verification is simple and fast. In order to give consideration to convenience and security, the transaction limit of Class I accounts is relatively low (the balance payment limit is the accumulated 1000 yuan since the account was opened), but payment institutions can upgrade Class I accounts to Class II or III accounts by strengthening customer identity verification, so as to increase the transaction limit.

Class II and III accounts have relatively high real-name verification intensity, which can prevent the problems of pseudonyms and anonymous payment accounts to a certain extent, and prevent criminals from opening payment accounts and committing crimes by using other people’s identities, so they have high transaction limits (the balance payment limit is 100,000 yuan and 200,000 yuan annually). In view of the high risk level of investment and wealth management business, the measures stipulate that only Class III accounts with the highest real-name verification intensity can use the balance to purchase financial products such as investment and wealth management to ensure the safety of customers’ funds.

Customers are not subject to the limit for fast payment of bank cards.

Q: Will the transaction limit of payment account affect the convenience?

A: Online payment should always adhere to the purpose of providing small, fast and convenient micro-payment services for the society. The annual cumulative limit of Class II and Class III personal payment accounts is 100,000 yuan and 200,000 yuan, which can meet the needs of most customers to use the "balance" of payment accounts for payment. For a very small number of consumers, or the occasional large payment by consumers, it can be completed through the combination of payment account balance payment, bank card fast payment, bank gateway payment and so on. Considering that the strength of customer identity verification in the opening process of Class I personal payment account is weak, a lower limit is set for its "balance" payment transaction.

At the same time, in order to guide payment institutions to improve the security of transaction verification methods, the measures stipulate that for the "balance" payment transactions of payment accounts with high security level of transaction verification, payment institutions can independently agree with customers on a single-day cumulative limit; However, for the "balance" payment transaction of the payment account with insufficient security level, the method stipulates the one-day cumulative limit. The limit of accumulating 1000 yuan and 5,000 yuan per day can effectively meet the needs of most customers to use the "balance" of their payment accounts for payment. In addition, the single-day payment limit of payment institutions with higher comprehensive rating and better implementation in real-name registration system can be increased to twice the existing limit at most.

It should be emphasized that the annual cumulative limit of 100,000 yuan and 200,000 yuan, as well as the single-day cumulative limit of 5,000 yuan in 1000 yuan, are only for individual payment account "balance" payment transactions. Customers make bank gateway payment and bank card express payment through payment institutions, and the annual cumulative limit and one-day cumulative limit are independently agreed by payment institutions, banks and customers according to relevant regulations, and are not subject to the above limits. (Reporter Chen Guojing)

Online shopping ＂Rolex＂ was cheated for 4000 yuan.

　　This newspaper (reporter Lu Xianfeng) "guarantees the original authenticity, supports the domestic counter inspection, and the first order is 10% off, and the price is close to the people, first come first served." Recently, a citizen bought a "Rolex" watch online after seeing the above-mentioned commodity advertisement in the WeChat circle of friends, but he did not expect to be defrauded. After the incident, the police launched an investigation and arrested the suspect in time.

　　Recently, when Mr. Xu brushed his circle of friends, he found a friend named "a genuine watch shop" selling a Rolex watch. In addition to the watch pictures, the other party also showed a lot of warranty pictures. After seeing the advertisement, Mr. Xu communicated with the other party through WeChat. The other party said that it has been selling all kinds of second-hand watches for a long time, especially Rolex watches, and the price is favorable to new customers. As long as you pay on the same day, you can enjoy a 10% discount. During the communication, Mr. Xu took a fancy to a Rolex watch and agreed on the price with the other party. The other party asked Mr. Xu to pay a deposit of 4,000 yuan first. Mr. Xu was eager to buy the watch and called the deposit to the other party at one time without thinking. The other party said it would deliver the goods immediately, but Mr. Xu waited for nearly a month and still didn’t receive the watch. After checking the express information, he learned that the other party didn’t deliver the goods at all. There was something wrong with the consciousness. Mr. Xu asked the other party for a refund, but the other party not only ignored it, but also blacked it out.

　　After learning that he was cheated, Mr. Xu alerted the police station in the new district of Jinghai Branch of the Public Security Bureau. After investigation, the police quickly locked in the true identity of "a genuine watch shop": 27-year-old man Zhao from Sanming City, Fujian Province. On March 2, the police handling the case arrested Zhao in Sanming City. It turned out that Zhao had been unemployed. In 2016, he was imprisoned for committing fraud. After he was released from prison, he returned to his old business and used social platforms and App to publish advertisements for selling luxury goods at low prices to attract netizens to buy and thus defraud the deposit. After interrogation, the criminal suspect Zhao confessed to the fact that he used the Internet to download pictures of luxury goods, fabricated the identity of an online shop owner, and defrauded the victim Mr. Xu of 4,000 yuan by selling goods and paying a deposit.

　　At present, the criminal suspect Zhao has been taken criminal compulsory measures according to law for alleged fraud, and the case is under further investigation.

On August 30th in Shigatse, Tibet, a new case of ＂4+192＂ local infection was reported.

　　"Shigatse News Center" WeChat WeChat official account news, at 0: 00 to 24: 00 on August 30, there were 196 new cases of Covid-19 infection in Shigatse city, including 4 confirmed cases and 192 asymptomatic infections. The newly confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections were found in the isolation control area. Among them:

　　(1) Zhongba County: There were 42 new cases (42 asymptomatic infected people) that day.

　　(2) Bailang County: 40 new cases (40 asymptomatic infected people) were added that day.

　　(III) namling county: There were 34 new cases (34 asymptomatic infected persons) that day.

　　(4) Sangzhuzi District: There were 19 new cases (3 confirmed cases and 16 asymptomatic infected persons) that day.

　　(5) Jilong County: There were 18 new cases (18 asymptomatic infected people) that day.

　　(6) Saga County: 17 new cases (17 asymptomatic infected people) were added that day.

　　(7) Dingri County: 9 new cases (asymptomatic infected 9) were added that day.

　　(8) Lazi County: 6 new cases (6 asymptomatic infected persons) were added that day.

　　(9) Dingjie County: 6 new cases (6 asymptomatic infected persons) were added that day.

　　(X) Gyangze County: There were 3 new cases (confirmed case 1, asymptomatic infected person 2) that day.

　　(11) Angren County: 2 new cases (asymptomatic infected person 2) were added that day.

　　According to the classification standard of high school risk areas and the activity track of infected people, there were 319 high-risk areas and 62 medium-risk areas in the city after adjustment on August 30, including:

　　(1) Sangzhuzi District

　　265 high-risk areas:

　　1. Gesang Garden in Sangzhuzi District;

　　2. Yaxi Sunshine Garden Phase 2, Binhe Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　3. Chixiong Village, Lianxiang, Sangzhuzi District;

　　4. Zhandui Village, Jiacuoxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　5. Congxiong Village, Jiacuoxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　6. Qiangjiu Village, Jiacuoxiong Village, Sangzhuzi District;

　　7. Qiongzi Village, Jiacuoxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　8. Dina Village, Jiacuoxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　9. Naza Village, Naer Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　10. Jiadui Village, Qubuxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　11. Yazi Village, Chengnan Street, Sangzhuzi District;

　　12. Xinli Company in Quxia Village, Sangzhuzi District (cleaning staff dormitory of the carrier company);

　　13. Abundant Tibetan food on Everest Road in Sangzhuzi District;

　　14. First Welfare Institute of Zhufeng Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　15. Qianglin Village, Nie Rixiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　16. Palen Village, Qumei Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　17. Sangzhupu Village, Qumei Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　18. Natang Village, Qumei Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　19. Qumei Village, Qumei Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　20. Anbu Village, Naer Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　21. Deqing Village, Naer Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　22. Bana Village, Naer Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　23. The Miri community in Sangzhuzi District has increased its forest;

　　24. Miri Guilin in Miri Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　25. Lanmuchi Village, Dongga Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　26. Dekong Village, Dongga Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　27. Logistics Center of Shunji Company of Sangzhuzi Racecourse;

　　28. East Suburb Passenger Terminal in Sangzhuzi District;

　　29. Power Life Zone 1, Heilongjiang North Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　30. Zangjia Hotel, Renbu Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　31. Urban Management Comprehensive Law Enforcement Detachment, No.31 Qingdao Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　32. Wanhua Fengrun Trading Co., Ltd. of Shanghai North Road in Sangzhuzi District;

　　33. The dormitory of tobacco company staff at No.108 Shandong Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　34. Rent a house on the 3rd floor opposite the Mutually Beneficial Supermarket on Shandong North Road in Sangzhuzi District (Mutually Beneficial Staff Dormitory);

　　35. Apple Linka in Jijilangka Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　36. Kijilang Kalumima Youth Hostel in Sangzhuzi District;

　　37. Jijilang Kalu Nailong Hotel in Sangzhuzi District;

　　38. Kalonglin, Dele Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　39. Kijilang Kalude Qinglin Hotel in Sangzhuzi District;

　　40. Sweet Hotel, Zhade West Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　41. Farmers’ Market in the Western Suburb of Zhade West Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　42. Turnover room of the Municipal Audit Bureau, No.20 Zhufeng East Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　43. Nanmulin Hotel in Sangzhuzi District;

　　44. 13 tax houses in Shigatse City;

　　45. 100 meters around Wenting Supermarket, Southeast Road, Zhaxi Jicaishan, Sangzhuzi District;

　　46. Sheri Bieyuan Hotel, Zhade East Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　47. Jilin Road Market Supervision Bureau of Sangzhuzi District;

　　48. Mulun Lazong Hotel, Jilin Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　49. One building in the second phase of Everest in Sangzhuzi District;

　　50. Caixin Testing Center of Shanghai South Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　51. No.3 Middle School in Sangzhuzi District;

　　52. Sangzhuzi District Everest Agricultural Trade Co., Ltd.;

　　53. Rongmao Hotel, Longjiang Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　54. Jialie Village, Nie Rixiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　55. Kangshun Hotel near the parking lot of Dingzi Road, Jipeilin Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　56. Jiaqingzi Village, Nie Rixiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　57. Zhangmu Neighborhood Committee of Zhangmu New District, Sangzhuzi District;

　　58. Rima Xialin, Danzhen Sangqu Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　59. Chongga Forest in Jiangluokangsa Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　60. Jianzi Village, Qubuxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　61. Sichuan Xinyuan Co., Ltd. near Heping Airport in Jiangdang Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　62. Tama Village, Bianxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　63. Zhalin in Jipei Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　64. National Forest of Jipei Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　65. Yaxilin, Jiaowuchang Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　Qu Ronglin, Jiaowuchang Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　67. Jinzhulin of Jiaowuchang Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　68. Xialu Village, Jiacuoxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　69. Delelin, Dele Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　70. Gayulin Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　71. Lobudin Forest, Dele Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　72. Yaxi Sunshine Garden Phase 1, Sangzhuzi District;

　　73. Yaxi Sunshine Garden Phase 3, Sangzhuzi District;

　　74. Jiari Village, Qumei Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　75. Shigatse City Investment Real Home Steel Zone;

　　76. Nailin Village, Jiacuoxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　77. Lianzhuo Village, Jiacuoxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　78. Lian ‘a Village, Jiacuoxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　79. Puxia Village, Qubuxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　80. Jiaka Village, Qubuxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　Chama Village, Qubuxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　82. Banjulumbu Village, Qubuxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　83. Chanu Village, Qubuxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　84. Konsa Village, Qubuxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　85. Bianrong Village, Qumei Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　86. Lagui Village, Qumei Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　87. Xuechong Village, Dongga Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　88. Zangdong Village, Dongga Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　89. China Communications Second Bureau near Heping Airport in Jiangdang Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　90. Pachong Village, Naer Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　91. Zizi Village, Naer Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　92. Suodong Village, Naer Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　93. Gejilin Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　94. Xuelian in Sangzhuzi District lives in peace;

　　95. Xingong Road Postal Warehouse in Sangzhuzi District;

　　96. Shandong Road Post Office, Sangzhuzi District;

　　97. Zhufeng Wenlv Group, Jilin South Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　98. Tang Popo’s staff dormitory with three meals in four seasons, Keji Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　99. Dagewa Hotel, Everest Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　100. Yamei Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　101. Fuyada Food City, Gongjue Linka Branch Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　102. Jiangluokangsa Community, Jilin Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　103. Phase 1 of Everest Jiayuan in Sangzhuzi District;

　　104. Shandong South Road Highway Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　105. Ruiji Jiayuan, No.2 Jilin South Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　106. Quxia Village, Quxia Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　107. Chunjiang Garden Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　108. County-level forest of Gayu Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　109. Gawure Forest in Jiaowuchang Community of Sangzhuzi District;

　　110. Gazhuo Pinglin, Gangduo Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　111. Gangduo Community Gangduo Forest in Sangzhuzi District;

　　112. Zongjialin, Gangduo Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　113. Pincuo Tallinn, Gangduo Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　114. Newly built houses behind Tianyun Company in Gangduo Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　115. Dejinulin, Danzhen Sangqu Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　116. Deji Xialin, Danzhen Sangqu Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　117. Niweilin, Danzhen Sangqu Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　118. Strong forest in Danzhen Sangqu community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　119. Shangpin Coffee on the East Side of Shanghai Plaza in Sangzhuzi District;

　　120. Gebilun Hotpot Restaurant on Everest Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　121. Hongyi Gas Station in Sangzhuzi District;

　　122. Kumu Yamei Hotel in Sangzhuzi District;

　　123. Tibetan Garden Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　124. Huameishi Hotel in Sangzhuzi District;

　　125. Dagewa Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　126. Jialonggou Community, Danzhen Sangqu Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　127. Wood processing plants and warehouses in Danzhen Sangqu community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　128. Kangsang Garden, a happy community in Sangzhuzi District, Phase 2;

　　129. Zone A of Xingfu Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　130. Zone B of Xingfu Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　131. Zone D of Xingfu Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　132. Public rental housing in the northern suburb of Xingfu Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　133. Turnover house diagonally opposite the Happy Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　134. Xukang Medicine Co., Ltd., Danzhen Sangqu Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　135. Danzhen Sangqu Forest in Danzhen Sangqu Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　136. Cuokanlin, Jiangluokangsa Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　137. Danjielin Community, Chengnan Street, Sangzhuzi District;

　　138. Chaga Hot Forest in Tuanjie Community of Sangzhuzi District;

　　139. Qu Meilin, Pengque Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　140. Jiangluolin, Jiangluokangsa Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　141. Dunzhu Guilin District, Miri Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　142. Dongjiao Auto Repair City, Dele Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　143. Dekang Garden Community, Dele Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　144. Guisarin, Bangjiakong Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　145. Chongre Forest in Bangjiakong Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　146. Bangjiakong community gang Jialin in Sangzhuzi District;

　　147. Zanglong Square in Sangzhuzi District;

　　148. Turnover room for workers in Dele Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　149. Rental of Shambala Hotel in Sangzhuzi District;

　　150. Zunchong Village, Qumei Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　151. Planting greenhouses in the Black-necked Crane Reserve north of Qila Road, Bomuqing Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　152. Baimalin Community, Kae Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　153. Karelin, Kare Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　154. Shibang construction site of Kage community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　155. Samalin, Kage Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　156. Yiyuan Community, Jipei Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　157. Jipei Community Education in Sangzhuzi District;

　　158. Public security in Sangzhuzi District lives in peace;

　　159. Luoma Cailin in Zhaxi Jicai Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　160. Zhaxi Jicai Forest, Zhaxi Jicai Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　161. Pingcuolin Driving School in Sangzhuzi District;

　　162. The section from Wuerduo to No.8 police station west of Xingong Road, Dele Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　163. Tianlong Fortune Plaza, Gayu Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　164. Hongxiang Automobile Trade in Gayu Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　165. Redanlin Village, Qumei Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　166. Xiarui Village, Qumei Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　167. Ziya Health Club of Unity Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　168. Dumpling House of Wang Family Courtyard in Tuanjie Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　169. Quack duck old shell in Unity Community of Sangzhuzi District;

　　170. Unity Community Trade Union Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　171. Xinye Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　172. Family Building of Tibet Bank, Zhufeng Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　173. Agricultural Bank Apartment in Sangzhuzi District;

　　174. Unity Community Unity Forest in Sangzhuzi District;

　　175. The water tower forest of Tuanjie Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　176. chili pepper King Beef Noodles in Jiaowuchang Community of Sangzhuzi District;

　　177. Mingrui Hotel, Xiaji Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　178. Self-built houses behind Tanfu Building in Unity Community of Sangzhuzi District;

　　179. Yaxi Sunshine Garden Phase 4, Sangzhuzi District;

　　180. Houzang Manor in Sangzhuzi District;

　　181. The area from Qila Road to the north of Huancheng Road in Sangzhuzi District;

　　182. Construction site area around Kangzhuang Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　183. Qila Road and Jilin North Road in Sangzhuzi District;

　　184. Zila Road in Sangzhuzi District faces south — East of Heilongjiang North Road — North of Gajiumeitang Road — Area west of Jilin North Road;

　　185. Gangxi Village, Qubuxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　186. Kongbulin Village, Bianxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　187. Gedi Village, Nie Rixiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　188. Guoyang Village, Nie Rixiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　189. Sma Village, Jiacuoxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　190. Sang Alin Village, Jiacuoxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　191. Tajie Village, Jiacuoxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　192. Congdui Village, Jiacuoxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　193. Yangbanggu hotpot in Xiakeji Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　194. Samalin (Zhangcang Community), Zhaxi Jicai Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　195. Xinyue Business Hotel, Zhade Middle Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　196. Kare Happiness Community, Kare Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　197. Zangxing Nanyuan, Kae Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　198. Deqing Konsa Community, Jiangluokangsa Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　199. Zhaxi Jicai Forest, Gayu Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　200. Warehouse next to SF Express behind Haoyuegong Hotel, Qilu Avenue, Sangzhuzi District;

　　201. No.13, Shanghai North Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　202. Public rental housing in the southern suburbs of Sangzhuzi District;

　　203. Yuelaowu Grain and Oil Shop, Renbu North Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　204. The second-phase living area of high-altitude apartment opposite the farmer’s market in the western suburb of Sangzhuzi District;

　　205. Rizhulin in Pengque Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　206. Gongzhulin in Pengque Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　207. Jiamaka Village, Jiangdang Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　208. Chaga Hot Forest in the east of Sangzhuzi District;

　　209. Self-built houses along and around Xiakeji Road in Sangzhuzi District;

　　210. Dongfanghong Store, Everest Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　211. Jiangluo West District, Jipei Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　212. Tianli Commercial and Residential District, Jipei Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　213. Jipei Community Tourism Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　214. Jipei Community Forestry Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　215. Deqing Linka, Jipei Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　216. Sheng Da Community, Jipei Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　217. Jipei Community Mining Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　Tianli Garden Community, Zhaxi Jicai Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　219. Hongtianxia Hotpot Restaurant in Langre Road, Zhaxi Jicai Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　220. Bailang Vegetable Market in Karelin Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　221. The Karelin community in Sangzhuzi District has settled down in agriculture and animal husbandry;

　　222. Gezhouba Community, Karelin Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　223. Jiaxiuban Community, Karelin Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　224. Zhenkang Health Club of Karelin Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　225. Wangjiafu Supermarket in Karelin Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　226. Shanghai Home Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　227. The sanitation turnover room of Jiangluo Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　228. Zhonglin, Unity Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　229. Chusong Village, Nie Rixiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　230. Sub-forest of Gayu Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　231. Sangzhuzi District Pedestrian Street East Gate to Ximen North District;

　　232. Turnaround house in the southern suburbs of Sangzhuzi District;

　　233. Yaxi Sunshine Garden Phase 5 in Sangzhuzi District (construction site);

　　234. Gangdise, Dele Community, Sangzhuzi District, lives in peace;

　　235. Qomolangma Jiayuan Phase II, Kare Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　236. The Jipei community in Sangzhuzi District has settled down in Xiongzi;

　　237. Sanhe Automobile Maintenance and Housing in Sangzhuzi District;

　　238. Turnover room for employees of Sangzhuzi District Telecom Company;

　　239. Luoqu Village, Qubuxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　240. The area from Wangjiafu Supermarket on Shanghai North Road to the East Gate of Jiaowuchang in Sangzhuzi District;

　　241. Yajiangyuan Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　242. Dejilu Wangjiafu Staff Dormitory, Sangzhuzi District;

　　243. No.2 Children’s Welfare Home of Guorong Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　244. Guojia New Village, Jiangdang Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　245. Jiangdang Village, Jiangdang Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　246. Nongri Village, Jiangdang Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　247. Huda Village, Nianmu Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　248. Jiangdang Township Business Office in Sangzhuzi District;

　　249. Yuzha Village, Naer Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　250. Zhuocun, Lianxiang, Sangzhuzi District;

　　251. Biza Village, Jiacuoxiong Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　252. Konsa District 2, Chengnan Street, Sangzhuzi District;

　　253. No.18 Xueqiang Road, Sangzhuzi Hotel, Sangzhuzi District;

　　254. Bomuqing Community, Sangzhuzi District, Jilin;

　　255. Xialin, Bomuqing Community, Sangzhuzi District;

　　256. Turnaround house in the back area of Sangzhuzi District Government;

　　257. Zone C of Xingfu Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　258. Kangsang Anju Phase I in Sangzhuzi District;

　　259. Xueqiang Road Power Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　260. Tibetan Medicine of the Monkey in Jinkai District, Sangzhuzi District (ding cun);

　　261. Sangzhuzi Economic Development Zone Steel Structure Factory (ding cun);

　　262. Jinlong Hotel, Sangzhuzi District;

　　263. Nierixiong Township Central Primary School, Sangzhuzi District;

　　264. Tibet Zabuye Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhufeng Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　265. Farming and pastoral community in Sangzhuzi District.

　　12 middle risk areas:

　　1. Building 1, Shenhu District 1, Sangzhuzi District;

　　2. Tongyuan Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　3. Oushi Clinic, Shandong North Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　4. Niuaizhu Korean Grilled Shop in Heilongjiang South Road, Sangzhuzi District;

　　5. No.7, Area C, Hongda Garden, Sangzhuzi District;

　　6. Unit 3, Accommodation Building, Traffic Police Detachment, Xigaze City;

　　7. Ten self-built houses directly opposite the southeast corner of Jinzhulin New Jiaowuchang Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　8. 10 self-built houses in the north of the office building of Dele Community in Sangzhuzi District;

　　9. The fifth row of self-built houses in the west of the first high school of Gayulin Community in Sangzhuzi District from north to south;

　　10. Zhaxi Quta Hotel, Xueqiang Road, Sangzhuzi District (Xiga Yangcha);

　　11. Tongre Village, Dongga Township, Sangzhuzi District;

　　12. Movable board house area near Jiamuqie Village, Dongga Township, Sangzhuzi District (Changdu Tianlei Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.).

　　(2) namling county

　　5 high-risk areas:

　　1. Chongdui Village, Duojiao Township, namling county;

　　2. Labu Village, Emma Township, namling county;

　　3. Jiagang Zongba, Nanmulin Town, namling county (No.001);

　　4. Konga Village, Nanmulin Town, namling county;

　　5. Xiangxiong Village, Kazi Township, namling county.

　　3 middle risk areas:

　　1. There are 35 households in Jiagang Zongba (east, south and west) (house numbers: 002-036) in Nanmulin Town, namling county;

　　2. Gamba Village, Nanmulin Town, namling county (Senkang Natural Village);

　　3. namling county Emma Township People’s Government (business office).

　　(3) Gyangze County

　　The neighborhood committee of Jiari suburb in Gyangze Town, Gyangze County was changed from a high-risk area to a medium-risk area.

　　2 high-risk areas:

　　1. Lu ding cun, Chongzi Township, Gyangze County;

　　2. Qiaqu Village, Naru Township, Gyangze County.

　　5 middle risk areas:

　　1. Bangri Village, Resuo Township, Gyangze County;

　　2. Chunqiong Village, Resuo Township, Gyangze County;

　　3. Rangkang Village, Jiangre Township, Gyangze County;

　　4. Dadui Village, Dazi Township, Gyangze County;

　　5. Jiari Suburb Neighborhood Committee of Jiangzi Town, Jiangzi County.

　　(4) Dingri County

　　Xuebao Road Snowland Hotel in Xiegeer Town, Dingri County was adjusted from a high-risk area to a medium-risk area; Gadan Village, Xiegeer Town, Dingri County; Unit 2, Building 28, Gesanghua Community, Xiegeer Town, Dingri County; Unit 1, Building 1, Zhaxi Community, Xiegeer Town, Dingri County; Macangwa Village, Xiegeer Town, Dingri County; and Palai Village, Dingri County, were adjusted from medium-risk areas to low-risk areas.

　　4 middle risk areas:

　　1. Unit 1, Building 1, Deji Community, Xiegeer Town, Dingri County;

　　2. Unit 2, Building 1, Sunshine Community, Xiegeer Town, Dingri County;

　　3. Unit 2, Building 3, Sunshine Community, Xiegeer Town, Dingri County;

　　4. Xueyu Hotel, Xuebao Road, Xiegeer Town, Dingri County.

　　(5) Sakya County

　　18 high-risk areas:

　　1. Zongguo Village, Saga Town, Saga County;

　　2. Sherpa Village, Saga Town, Saga County;

　　3. Shanjiu Hotel in Saga County;

　　4. Xiaga Village, Charong Township, Saga County;

　　5. Zhaxigang Village, Zhaxigang Township, Sagar County;

　　6. Saigui Village, Xiexiu Township, Saga County;

　　7. Chencun Village, Xiexiu Township, Saga County;

　　8. Bangbai Village, Saixiang Township, Sagar County;

　　9. Xiongmai Village, Xiongmai Township, Sakya County;

　　10. Luding Village, Laluo Township, Sakya County;

　　11. No.6 Fawang Middle Road, Saga Town, Saga County;

　　12. Naixia Village, Xiexiu Township, Saga County;

　　13. Langbaji Village, Chaxiu Township, Sakya County;

　　14. Chama Village, Mula Township, Sakya County;

　　15. Jidui Village, Xiongma Township, Sakya County;

　　16. No.3 Basiba West Road, Sakya County;

　　17. Nikon Village (Nikon Natural Village), Charong Township, Sagar County;

　　18. Nikon Village (Chongdui Natural Village), Charong Township, Saga County.

　　25 middle risk areas:

　　1. Agricultural Bank of Jiding Town, Sakya County;

　　2. Chama Village, Zhaxigang Township, Sagar County;

　　3. Yu Sa Village, Zhaxigang Township, Sagar County;

　　4. tuanjie village, Saga Town, Saga County;

　　5. No.5 Lazhang North Road, Saga County;

　　6. Duoxia Village, Saga Town, Saga County;

　　7. Kawu Village, Saga Town, Saga County;

　　8. Suoxi Village, Saga Town, Saga County;

　　9. No.2 Xincheng North Road, Saga County;

　　10. Shengma Village, Xiexiu Township, Saga County;

　　11. Nai Village, Xiexiu Township, Saga County;

　　12. Jixiong Village, Xiexiu Township, Saga County;

　　13. Gajilin Village, Xiexiu Township, Saga County;

　　14. Juecun, Laluo Township, Sakya County;

　　15. Jiangga Village, Xiongma Township, Sakya County;

　　16. Dejilin Village, Jiding Town, Sakya County;

　　17. Mabuga Village, Mabuga Township, Sakya County;

　　18. White Village, Mabuga Township, Sakya County;

　　10. Dora Clinic in Saga Town, Saga County;

　　20. Samulin Village, Saga Town, Saga County;

　　21. Daburen Village, Zhaxigang Township, Sakya County;

　　22. Jiangdui Village, Zhaxigang Township, Sagar County;

　　23. Raton Village, Mula Township, Sakya County;

　　24. Beautiful Village in Chaxiu Township, Saga County;

　　25. No.24, pandita East Road, Sagar County.

　　(6) Lazi County

　　Chongqing greengrocer’s (opposite to the passenger station) was adjusted from a high-risk area to a medium-risk area; Dabu Village, Quma Township, Lasi County, Pucun Village, Mangpu Township, Lasi County (Puxia Natural Village), and the county sewage treatment plant in Lasi County were adjusted from medium-risk areas to low-risk areas.

　　1 high-risk area:

　　1. Xiga Village, Liuxiang, Lahu County.

　　2 middle risk areas:

　　1. The retirement base under Quxia Town, Lasze County;

　　2. Chongqing greengrocer’s in Lazi County (opposite to the passenger station).

　　(7) Angren County

　　Yamu Village, Yamu Township, Angren County was changed from a medium-risk area to a low-risk area.

　　2 middle risk areas:

　　1. Chedo Village, Qire Township, Angren County;

　　2. Padeng Village, Qire Township, Angren County.

　　(8) Bailang County

　　8 high-risk areas:

　　1. Zhongdui Village, Baza Township, Bailang County;

　　2. Mayi Village, Gadong Town, Bailang County;

　　3. Jixiong Village, Gadong Town, Bailang County;

　　4. Samba Village, Wangdan Township, Bailang County;

　　5. Luojiang Village, Luojiang Town, Bailang County;

　　6. Zega Village, Luojiang Town, Bailang County;

　　7. Tuanjie New Village, Qunu Township, Bailang County;

　　8. North of the west section of Jinan Avenue, west of Polo Avenue, south of Lunzhuzi West Road and east of low-rent housing community in Luojiang Town, Bailang County.

　　3 middle risk areas:

　　1. Bazaar Village, Bazaar Township, Bailang County;

　　2. Jiubu Village, Duqiong Township, Bailang County;

　　3. Naiqiong Village, Bazaar Township, Bailang County.

　　(9) Dingjie County

　　1 medium risk area:

　　1. Zhaxigang Village, Zhaxigang Township, Dingjie County.

　　(10) Zhongba County

　　5 high-risk areas:

　　1. Yajiangyuan Hotel in Zhongba County;

　　2. Solang Tsering Guest House in Tangxi Village, Larang Township, Zhongba County (No.47 Jingsanbei Road);

　　3. Naitaruo Yongcuo Hotel and Tibetan food in Tangxi Village, Larang Township, Zhongba County (No.190 and No.195 Jingsan South Road);

　　4. No.1 isolation zone in Zhongba County (Weisan West Road, Baosteel);

　　5. Shenshan Inn, Payang Town, Zhongba County.

　　3 middle risk areas:

　　1. Rang Township, Zhongba County: east to Chaiquhe Bridge, west to the intersection of Huancheng Road and National Highway 219, south to PetroChina gas station and north to Chaiquhe Power Station;

　　2. Shenshan Station in Payang Town, Zhongba County: east to Gangjiu Village Committee, west to Tibetan White Jade Processing Factory, south to Ma Quan River Happiness Bridge, and north to Payang Town Substation;

　　3. Holba Checkpoint in Zhongba County.

　　(11) Jilong County

　　12 high-risk areas:

　　1. Nai Village, Jilong Town, Jilong County;

　　2. Jilong Neighborhood Committee of Jilong Town, Jilong County;

　　3. Jifu Village, Jilong Town, Jilong County;

　　4. Bangxing Village, Jilong Town, Jilong County;

　　5. Maga Village, Jilong Town, Jilong County;

　　6. Zongga Neighborhood Committee of Zongga Town, Jilong County;

　　7. Salle Village, Salle Township, Jilong County;

　　8. Gongdang Village, Gongdang Township, Jilong County;

　　9. Kabang Village, Salle Township, Jilong County (including Zhuocun Village, a natural village);

　　10. Zhacun Village, Jilong Town, Jilong County;

　　11. Chongdui Village, Jilong Town, Jilong County;

　　12. Rema Village, Jilong Town, Jilong County.

　　(12) Gamba County

　　1 high-risk area:

　　1. Mende Village, Gamba Town, Gamba County.

　　(XIII) nyalam county

　　Yalai Village, Yalai Township, nyalam county, and Tajielin Village, Nyalam Town, nyalam county were adjusted from high-risk areas to medium-risk areas.

　　2 high-risk areas:

　　1. Zhenjiang East Village, Nyalam, nyalam county;

　　2. Zhaxizong Village, Nyalam Town, nyalam county.

　　2 middle risk areas:

　　1. Yalai Village, Yalai Township, nyalam county;

　　2. Tajielin Village, Nyalam Town, nyalam county.