Is it better to buy a pure electric or plug-in hybrid car？ After listening to the analysis of insiders, I finally understand …

With the popularization of new energy vehicles, more and more people will encounter a problem when buying a car:Is it better to buy a pure electric car or a plug-in hybrid car? The two models have their own advantages, but which one is more suitable for you?Today, Lungu will talk about this topic in detail, hoping to help everyone make a more wise choice.

Wheel valley first on the conclusion:

There is no standard answer to this question, the key lies in your needs and usage scenarios.

If you pay more attention to environmental protection, save money and have stable charging conditions, pure trams are a better choice; And if you have the need for long-distance travel, or the charging conditions are not perfect enough, plug-in hybrid cars can provide greater flexibility.

First, pure electric vehicles

Advantages:

First of all, the biggest feature of pure electric vehicles is thatCompletely driven by electricity, no tail gas emission, especially friendly to the environment.With the development of technology, the cruising range of pure electric vehicles is nowIt can basically reach more than 300 kilometers.High-end models can even run 1000 kilometers. plusWith the gradual improvement of charging facilities, driving a pure tram in the city is no longer as anxious as it used to be.


Saving money is also a highlight of pure electric vehicles.Electricity is much cheaper than oil, especially if you have a charging pile at home, charging at night is more cost-effective and the use cost is very low.In addition, the maintenance cost of pure electric vehicles is also relatively low.Because its structure is relatively simple, there are no complicated parts such as engine and gearbox, and frequent maintenance is not needed.

Insufficient:

But there are also problems. For example, ifThe charging facilities in your place are not perfect enough, so it may be inconvenient to travel for a long time.Although many expressway service areas are now equipped with charging piles, if it is a holiday trip, charging piles may be in short supply. Besides,Winter in the north is a challenge for electric vehicles, and the low temperature will shorten the battery life.

Second, plug-in hybrid car

Advantages:

The advantages of plug-in hybrid cars areIt can use both electricity and oil. When traveling short distances, you can only use electricity to drive and enjoy the same environmental protection and money-saving effect as pure electric vehicles.If you want to run a long distance and the battery runs out, the car can also switch to fuel mode.Avoid the endurance anxiety of pure electric vehicles.

Plug-in hybrid cars are especiallySuitable for those who need to run long distances frequently, or live in areas with inadequate charging facilities.For example, going back to your hometown every year for the New Year and running thousands of kilometers, plugging in a hybrid car can make you go smoothly all the way, without worrying about finding a charging pile.

Insufficient:

However, plug-in hybrid cars also have shortcomings. Although it is very economical to drive with electricity every day, it isOnce you switch to fuel mode, fuel costs are inevitable.Moreover, because it has both an electric system and a fuel engine,Maintenance is more complicated than pure trams, and the cost is relatively high.Many car owners’ friends told me that after using it for a while, they would feelI am charging every day, but I have to maintain the engine regularly, which makes people a little helpless.

Third, how to choose?

Then the question is, should I buy a pure tram or plug-in hybrid? In fact,There is no standard answer to this question, the key lies in your needs and usage scenarios.

  • If you usually drive mainly in the city and it is convenient to charge near your home or work, pure electric vehicles are a good choice. It has the advantages of low cost, environmental protection, good driving experience and smooth and quiet acceleration. If you are looking for the economy of daily commuting, pure trams are more suitable for you.

  • If you often run long distances, or there are not many charging piles in your place, plug-in hybrid cars are more suitable for you. It has high flexibility, no need to worry about the lack of electricity, and it is very convenient to refuel directly during long-distance travel. If you don’t want to rely entirely on electricity, but want to enjoy the economy of electric mode, plug-in hybrid car is a good compromise.


Fourth, the advantages of trams will become more and more obvious in the future.

Although plug-in hybrid vehicles are more practical in some specific scenarios,But in the long run, the market development prospect of pure electric vehicles is better.With the continuous progress of battery technology and the improvement of charging facilities, pure trams have gradually become the mainstream in the future. Especially now, many car companies are developing more efficient fast charging technology.In the future, the charging time may be greatly shortened, and the advantages of pure trams will become more and more obvious.

Wheel valley summary:

Generally speaking, if you pay more attention to environmental protection, save money and have stable charging conditions, pure trams are a better choice; And if you have the need for long-distance travel, or the charging conditions are not perfect enough, plug-in hybrid cars can provide greater flexibility.

Buying a car is a big deal,I hope my article can help you clear your mind and make a choice that suits you.If you still haveOther car problems, remember to pay attention to me and get more practical knowledge about cars. I’m Lungu. See you next time!

In the first three quarters, China’s economic operation was generally stable, high-quality development was solidly promoted.

　　In the first three quarters of 2024, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, all localities and departments conscientiously implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, adhered to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, fully implemented the new development concept, solidly promoted high-quality development, intensified macro-control, effectively responded to risk challenges, and the national economy was generally stable.

　　First, the economy was stable and positive in the first three quarters, with continuous positive growth quarter on quarter.

　　In the first three quarters, China’s GDP was 94,974.6 billion yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 4.8% at constant prices, and the overall economic operation was stable. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 5,773.3 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.4%, and its contribution rate to economic growth was 4.6%; The added value of the secondary industry was 36,136.2 billion yuan, up 5.4% year-on-year, and its contribution rate to economic growth was 41.5%. The added value of the tertiary industry was 53,065.1 billion yuan, up 4.7% year-on-year, and its contribution rate to economic growth was 53.9%. The added value of the three industries accounts for 6.1%, 38.0% and 55.9% of GDP respectively.

　　In the third quarter, China’s GDP was 33,291 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.6% at constant prices. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 2,707.3 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.2%, and its contribution rate to economic growth was 6.2%; The added value of the secondary industry was 12,483.2 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.6%, and its contribution rate to economic growth was 37.2%. The added value of the tertiary industry was 18.1 trillion yuan, up 4.8% year-on-year, and its contribution rate to economic growth was 56.6%.

　　From the ring comparison, after seasonal adjustment, GDP in the third quarter increased by 0.9%. The growth rate of the chain was positive for nine consecutive quarters, and the economy maintained a steady and positive trend.

　　Second, production and supply continued to grow, and industrial development progressed steadily.

　　In the first three quarters, the production and supply of various industries grew steadily. Agricultural production developed steadily, summer grain production increased, early rice was harvested, and animal husbandry production was stable. The added value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery increased by 3.6% year-on-year, driving economic growth by 0.2 percentage points. Industry grew rapidly, with the added value increasing by 5.7% year-on-year, driving economic growth by 1.8 percentage points. The service industry continued to recover, and the information transmission, software and information technology services, leasing and business services maintained double-digit growth, with the added value increasing by 11.3% and 10.1% respectively year-on-year, which together boosted economic growth by 0.9 percentage points; Wholesale and retail, accommodation and catering grew rapidly, with the added value increasing by 5.4% and 6.3% respectively.

　　In the third quarter, industrial production maintained a rapid growth trend, with the added value increasing by 5.1% year-on-year, driving economic growth by 1.5 percentage points. The service industry has recovered, and the growth rate of added value has risen steadily. Transportation, warehousing, postal services, accommodation, catering and other holiday economy-related industries developed well, with the added value increasing by 6.6% and 5.9% respectively, driving economic growth by 0.4 percentage points. The development of the financial industry accelerated significantly, with the added value increasing by 6.2% year-on-year, and the growth rate increased by 1.9 percentage points compared with the second quarter. The decline of the real estate industry narrowed, and the added value decreased by 1.9% year-on-year, and the growth rate increased by 2.7 percentage points compared with the second quarter.

　　Third, consumer investment continued to recover and net exports increased rapidly.

　　The scale of consumption has expanded. Since the beginning of this year, all localities and departments have put the promotion of consumption in a more prominent position, intensified efforts to promote the trade-in of consumer goods, and taken many measures to promote the high-quality development of service consumption. Consumer demand has generally continued to recover, and its basic role has been further played. In the first three quarters, the contribution rate of final consumption expenditure to economic growth was 49.9%, driving GDP growth by 2.4 percentage points.

　　Investment grew steadily. With the continuous release of macro-policy effects, the "two-fold" construction has been accelerated, large-scale equipment renewal has been solidly promoted, and the scale of effective investment has been steadily expanded to help the economy run smoothly. In the first three quarters, the contribution rate of total capital formation to economic growth was 26.3%, which boosted GDP growth by 1.3 percentage points.

　　The net export growth trend is good. Against the background of unstable external environment and increasing uncertainties, China has unswervingly promoted high-level opening up, maintained steady growth in imports and exports, and further improved the quality level of international circulation. In the first three quarters, the net export of goods and services contributed 23.8% to economic growth, driving GDP growth by 1.1 percentage points.

　　Fourth, high-quality development has been steadily advanced, and new quality productivity has been cultivated and expanded.

　　The industrial structure was optimized and upgraded, and new kinetic energy accelerated its growth. In the first three quarters, the added value of equipment manufacturing industry above designated size and high-tech manufacturing industry above designated size increased by 7.5% and 9.1% year-on-year, respectively, which was 1.7 and 3.3 percentage points higher than that of all listed industries. 1— In August, the operating income of high-tech service enterprises above designated size increased by 9.5% year-on-year, which was 1.8 percentage points higher than that of all service enterprises above designated size.

　　Investment in key industries grew rapidly, and new quality productivity was cultivated and expanded. In the first three quarters, the national investment in high-tech manufacturing and high-tech service industries increased by 9.4% and 11.4% respectively, which was higher than the growth rate of all fixed assets investment by 6.0 and 8.0 percentage points. Large-scale equipment renewal was promoted in an orderly manner, and the investment in the purchase of equipment and tools increased by 16.4% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 13.0 percentage points higher than the total investment.

　　The integration of number and reality is deepening day by day, and the foundation of integration is constantly consolidating. In the first three quarters, the online retail sales of physical goods increased by 7.9% year-on-year, which was 4.6 percentage points higher than the total retail sales of social consumer goods, accounting for 25.7% of the total retail sales of social consumer goods. 1— In August, the operating income of software and information technology services, Internet and related services enterprises above designated size increased by 12.5% and 10.8% respectively, which was 4.8 and 3.1 percentage points higher than that of all service enterprises above designated size.

　　Note: Some of the total GDP and structural data in this paper are not equal to the sum of the items, which are caused by numerical rounding errors and have not been mechanically adjusted.

　　(Author Zhao Tonglu is the director of the National Economic Accounting Department of the National Bureau of Statistics)

Hu Chunfeng, Party Secretary and Director of Yangzhou Municipal Market Supervision Administration

　　Hu Chunfeng, Party Secretary and Director of Yangzhou Municipal Market Supervision Administration

　　Market supervision has stood at a new starting point. The newly established Yangzhou Municipal Bureau of Market Supervision will adhere to the working idea of "keeping the bottom line, creating an environment, standardizing competition, improving quality and promoting development", start a new journey of market supervision, be the main force of market supervision, highlight the people’s beautiful pursuit of consumption quality and service, actively adapt to the needs of "big market, big consumption and big mediation", and constantly improve the convenience of consumer complaints, the breadth of consumer education and consumption. Strive to achieve the same frequency resonance between market supervision and consumer rights protection, create a safer and more secure market consumption environment, and truly let the people buy, use and eat with confidence.

How awesome are underwater robots in China？

　　background for news stories

　　Recently, the pictures taken by some China underwater robots in the deep sea have attracted many people’s attention: the remote-controlled unmanned submersible Discovery carried on the scientific research ship photographed the "underwater garden" and collected two snail-like mollusks with pink heads and white bodies; The high-definition video of the manned submersible "Deep Sea Warrior" in the 2000m deep sea was also exposed for the first time, showing us a magical underwater world … …

　　In fact, including Discovery and Deep Sea Warrior, the underwater robots developed by our country have formed a "family", and here we will introduce some representative members.

　　"Hairen No.1"

　　China’s first underwater robot

　　The ocean occupies the vast majority of the earth’s surface, pregnant with endless resources and rich treasures, and the development and utilization of marine resources has become a competitive development strategy for all countries. Underwater robot is an important means to explore the ocean. Generally speaking, underwater robots can be divided into three categories: cabled underwater robots (ROV), cableless autonomous underwater robots (AUV) and manned submersibles (HOV).

　　According to the domestic market demand, in 1979, the team headed by Jiang Xinsong, an academician of China Academy of Engineering, first put forward the research plan of marine robots in China. In 1982, China Academy of Sciences formally established a project to carry out "Application Research of Intelligent Machinery in the Ocean".

　　The first underwater robot in our country was born in 1985. It is called "HR-01" and it is an underwater robot with cables.

　　The prototype of "Hairen-1" developed by Shenyang Institute of Automation successfully made its maiden voyage in Dalian in December 1985. In 1986, the improved "Hairen-1" completed its sea trial.

　　With a total power of 20 horsepower and a maximum working depth of 200 meters, Hairen-1 is a research work carried out by Chinese researchers completely relying on independent technology and based on domestic supporting conditions, and it is an important milestone in the development history of underwater robots in China.

　　"Explorer"

　　China’s first cableless autonomous underwater robot

　　In 1994, Shenyang Institute of Automation successfully developed the autonomous cableless underwater robot Explorer. Its working depth reached 1000 meters, and the cable connected with the mother ship was thrown away, realizing the leap from cable to no cable.

　　In October of that year, "Explorer" conducted five voyages of sea trials in the South China Sea of China, and successfully dived to a depth of 1,000 meters near the Xisha Islands, becoming a pioneer for China to reach the deep sea.

　　CR-01 China’s first cableless autonomous underwater vehicle facing 6000m.

　　In 1992, Shenyang Institute of Automation cooperated with Russian Institute of Marine Technology, 702 CSSC, Institute of Acoustics of Chinese Academy of Sciences and other units to develop an autonomous underwater robot of 6000m class — — CR-01。

　　It visited the Pacific Ocean twice in 1995 and 1997 respectively, and obtained a large number of videos, photos and audio images of polymetallic nodules on the seabed, which provided an important basis for resource exploration in the pioneer area. Its success made China one of the few countries in the world with 6,000m underwater robots at that time.

　　The significance of its successful development also lies in the fact that China has the ability to conduct detailed exploration of the sea areas except trenches. In 1991, China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association was approved by the United Nations as the fifth pioneer investor in deep-sea mining, undertaking the exploration task of 300,000 square kilometers of ocean floor, and finally having the priority right to exploit 75,000 square kilometers of sea area with the richest mineral resources. CR-01 provides a powerful technical means for this.

　　In 1997, CR-01 was rated as one of the top ten scientific and technological advances in China. In the same year, CR-01 won the special prize of scientific and technological progress and the comprehensive major achievement award of Chinese Academy of Sciences.

　　Arctic ARV underwater robot goes to polar expedition

　　We all know about ROV, AUV and HOV, so what is ARV? In 2002, Shenyang Institute of Automation first put forward the concept of ARV — — ARV is a new concept underwater robot which combines the technical characteristics of AUV and ROV.

　　In July, 2008, the first generation of Arctic ARV took the "Snow Dragon" scientific research ship and joined the team for the third Arctic scientific research in China. In July, 2010, he participated in the fourth Arctic expedition in China again. At 86 degrees and 50 minutes north latitude, it was lowered from the ice cave for the first time, and the investigation under the ice was carried out successfully, which set a new record for the operation of underwater robots at high latitudes in China.

　　Arctic ARV can be said to be an effective, continuous, autonomous and real-time observation means for Arctic scientific research. The seemingly small Arctic ARV is equipped with measuring equipment such as temperature and salinity meter, luminous flux meter and underwater camera, and has a variety of scientific observation capabilities. A variety of scientific observation data, such as irradiance of light transmission under ice, ice bottom shape, sea ice thickness, temperature, salinity, depth and marine environmental parameters, can be obtained, which greatly supplements the existing monitoring methods under ice in the Arctic.

　　The Birth of Dragon’s Control System

　　In July 2012, the "Jiaolong" manned submersible (HOV) successfully completed the 7000-meter sea test, with a maximum dive depth of 7062 meters. Shenyang Automation Institute, as one of the main research units of Jiaolong, undertook the development of control system and technical support tasks.

　　The control system of manned submersible is the "brain and nerve" of the manned submersible. It collects the operation instructions of the operation panel and the information of various sensors on the manned submersible, and outputs instructions to control various actuators through the analysis and judgment of the "brain", so that the submersible can complete various actions, and at the same time, the collected information is stored and displayed, which is convenient for submariners and commanders to operate.

　　Deep-sea satellite in "Qianlong-1" undersea resources exploration equipment

　　"Qianlong No.1" is China’s first 6000m AUV deep-sea practical equipment, with all independent intellectual property rights. This project is a Twelfth Five-Year Plan project for the investigation and development of international marine resources formulated by the Office of China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association, which is jointly developed by Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Acoustics, Harbin Engineering University and other units. It can cover 98.8% of the ocean area, and it is called the deep-sea satellite in the equipment of underwater resources exploration. Specifically, it mainly serves the exploration of deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining areas in China.

　　In 2015, Shenyang Institute of Automation, China Academy of Sciences undertook the project "Practical transformation of 6000m underwater unmanned cableless submersible (AUV)", and passed the project acceptance organized by the office of China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association with excellent results. The successful development of "Qianlong No.1" has provided important technical equipment for China to carry out large-scale fine exploration of deep-sea resources, which indicates that China’s deep-sea resources exploration equipment has reached the practical level and made China’s AUV technology and products enter the international advanced ranks.

　　"Qianlong No.2" is a cute yellow fat fish.

　　"Second Brother" of "Hidden Dragon" Family — — "Hidden Dragon II" must be familiar to everyone. And "Big Brother" — — Compared with "Qianlong No.1", on the one hand, its design working depth is 4500 meters; On the other hand, it mainly serves the exploration of sulfide in deep-sea hydrothermal areas in China.

　　"Qianlong No.2" is the subject of the theme project "Deep-sea Submersible Technology and Equipment" in the field of marine technology in the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan". It is organized and implemented by the Office of China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association, and developed by Shenyang Institute of Automation as the overall technical unit together with the Second Institute of Oceanography of the State Oceanic Administration and other units. In June 2016, the project passed the acceptance.

　　During the development of the project, some key technologies, such as brand-new vertical flat fish-shaped design of non-rotating body, collision avoidance control method under complex seabed topography, high-precision magnetic detection, comprehensive detection of hydrothermal anomalies and rapid data processing, have been broken through, and a number of effective data such as water anomaly, magnetic detection and terrain detection in hydrothermal area have been obtained in the experimental application in the southwest Indian Ocean. "Qianlong II" became the first unmanned submersible in China to obtain the classification certificate of China Classification Society (ccs).

　　On April 6th this year, the "Qianlong II" unmanned submersible, which carried out the 49th voyage of China Ocean in the southwest Indian Ocean, successfully completed its 50th dive, setting a new record for the number of dives of deep-sea autonomous underwater robots in China.

　　(Special "China Science Expo" WeChat WeChat official account feed)

Guide to market rental subsidies

Subsidy object. jpg

　　Urban registered families in this city can apply for market rental subsidies if they meet the following three conditions:

　　1. The per capita monthly income of the family in the first 12 months of the application month is not higher than 2,400 yuan;

　　2. The family members who apply for it have no housing in this city;

　　3.3 The net assets of families with less than 3 people are 570,000 yuan and less, and those with 4 people and more are 760,000 yuan and less.

　　Houses rented by families that meet the above application conditions must meet the requirements of relevant laws and regulations on the management of residential housing rental, and have valid proof of housing ownership or proof of legal source of housing.

Subsidy standard. jpg

　　Except Huairou District, Pinggu District, Miyun District and Yanqing District, other districts implement a unified market rental subsidy standard, as shown in the following table:

The city (except Huairou, Pinggu, Miyun and Yanqing) market rental subsidy standards.

Unit: yuan/month

The city (except Huairou, Pinggu, Miyun and Yanqing) market rental subsidy standards.

Distribution process. jpg

Process. jpg

　　(A) market rental

　　1. Families eligible for market rental subsidies should rent their own houses in the market within 6 months.

　　2. Market rental subsidies for family rental housing must meet the requirements of relevant laws and regulations on the management of residential housing rental, and have valid proof of housing ownership or proof of legal source of housing.

　　3. If renting a bungalow, the lessor shall also provide the house safety appraisal certificate. Market rental subsidy families should sign housing lease contracts with housing lessors.

　　(2) Handling the procedures for receiving subsidies.

　　From the date of the lease term of the housing lease contract, the applicant for market rental subsidy and the lessor of the house shall go through the formalities for receiving the market rental subsidy together with the housing security management department of the neighborhood office (township people’s government) where the household registration is applied.

　　Submission materials: the applicant should provide ID card, Notice of Qualification for Rental Subsidy in Beijing Market, house lease contract, bank card issued by the applicant himself in the subsidy issuing bank and other materials and copies; The lessor of the house shall provide ID card, proof of ownership of the house or proof of legal source of the house (including house sales contract and invoice, demolition compensation agreement, etc.) and other materials and copies.

　　(three) street offices (Township People’s government) housing security management department verification materials

　　Neighborhood offices (Township People’s Government) housing security management department verification materials. If the materials are complete and conform to the legal form, the housing security management department of the sub-district office (Township People’s Government) shall keep a copy, input the relevant information into the system, print the Confirmation Sheet of Beijing Market Rental Subsidy Information, and submit it to the district housing security management department after the applicant has checked it and signed it for confirmation.

　　(four) the district housing security management department review

　　The district housing security management department shall review the relevant materials within 5 working days. In line with the conditions for receiving market rental subsidies, the district housing security management department approved the actual amount of subsidies for families with market rental subsidies through the system. The district housing security management department formulated the Notice on Payment of Rental Subsidies in Beijing Market, which was issued to the applicant by the housing security management department of the sub-district office (Township People’s Government).

　　(5) Payment of subsidies

　　If a family with market rental subsidies goes through the formalities of receiving market rental subsidies in the current month, the subsidies will be calculated and distributed from the next month. The district housing security management department will distribute the market rental subsidy to the applicant’s bank account through the bank before the 20th of each month.

From the 2025 Tengshi D9, see how ＂user-oriented＂ breaks the new energy luxury MPV market.

[car home Industry] First of all, let’s restore what happened. The driver said: On the morning of the incident, as usual, he tried to pull over, but found that the brake pedal was too hard to step on, so he turned left and returned to the main road. But the strange thing is that the vehicle began to accelerate crazily, and then the speed of Model Y increased rapidly, reaching a maximum of 198 km/h.

You can also see that the driver avoided electric cars and pedestrians all the way, and the airbag was ejected after hitting the tricycle, and then the car continued to drive until it hit the roadside shop. The driver’s family responded that the driver had been stepping on the brakes during this process, but the brakes were too hard to step on, and he tried to slow down by pressing the P gear, but it was useless.

Home of the car

Then, Tesla responded that the vehicle kept the throttle 100% at high speed, and the brake pedal was not stepped down all the time; During driving, the driver presses the P button four times and releases it quickly, at the same time, the brake light lights up and goes out quickly.

The whole thing has been recorded by video, which is clear to everyone, but Tesla and the owner’s responses are somewhat contradictory, and there are many incredible doubts in the whole incident, which have also caused extensive discussions. The truth of the incident is still under investigation. Let’s discuss the doubts of both sides’ responses from a technical point of view.

Doubt one, what is the probability of brake failure?

According to the owner, the brakes became hard and could not be stepped on, and he suspected that the brakes were out of order.

According to Tesla’s information, the brake system used by Tesla Model Y is Bosch’s ibooster brake product. This product has now come to version 2.0, and many new energy vehicles currently on sale are equipped with Bosch’s iBooster.

IBooster is a revolutionary technology compared with traditional brakes, which cancels the design of vacuum pump. When the driver steps on the brake pedal, the brake position sensor will tell the signal to the vehicle controller. After calculation, the vehicle controller will distribute the braking force. One part of the braking force is provided by the regenerative braking of the motor, and the other part is generated by the brake cylinder, which together help to brake. The following figure shows the working principle diagram of iBooster.

Home of the car

Let’s take a look at the working schematic diagram of the whole brake system. When people step on the brake pedal with a force of 200N (about 20 kg), this force will be amplified a little, and finally the force on the brake disc will reach 18500N N. In addition, the Vacuum Brake Booster in the above picture is now replaced by iBooster.

Home of the car

At this time, some people questioned that iBooster is an electronic component, and electronic components are not as stable as mechanical components, so iBooster sometimes fails. Therefore, Bosch’s iBooster has two backup measures to deal with possible failures.

Backup measure 1:

If the electronic component iBooster in the above picture fails, there will be no braking assistance, and the brakes will become hard and a little difficult to step on. At this time, ESP will realize that iBooster is broken and loses its power, so it will take over and provide braking power (active pressurization). The active pressurization of ESP will be accompanied by strong vibration and noise.

At this time, for the driver, the experience is that stepping on the brakes requires more strength, but it will not be impossible to step on it. For example, stepping on the brakes with 200N strength can provide at least 0.4g deceleration.

Home of the car

Backup measure 2:

If both iBooster and ESP are broken by accident (the probability of actual occurrence is very small), at this time, the whole braking system enters mechanical mode without any assistance, and how much deceleration can be achieved depends on how hard the driver steps on the brake pedal.

At this time, the appearance is that the brakes become hard and difficult to pedal, but the laws and regulations mandate that the brake pedal at this time can produce at least 0.25g deceleration under the strength of adults (including adult women) with 500N N.

Home of the car

Therefore, from the above analysis, it can be seen that "brake failure" itself is an imprecise statement. The brake can only lose its power, but it is almost impossible for the brake to fail, because in the end, it has mechanical braking to cover the bottom. If the brakes get hard, don’t doubt your feet at this time, and don’t hesitate to step on them.

Doubt two, do you want to carry the pot with a single pedal?

Stopping the car is only one aspect. Another big doubt of the Chaozhou accident is why the vehicle "suddenly accelerates". Whether the driver stepped on it wrongly or the program error of the car itself was out of control.

First of all, public opinion thinks that the driver stepped on the wrong foot because of Tesla’s single pedal mode. Should the single pedal carry the pot?

From a technical point of view, the single pedal is indeed a controversial thing. First of all, the name is very confusing, which makes many people think that this kind of car has only one accelerator pedal and no brakes.

The biggest change of single pedal mode to people is that it affects people’s driving habits. In the past, the car accelerated when stepping on the accelerator and slowed down when stepping on the brake, while in the single pedal mode, the car accelerated when stepping on the accelerator and slowed down when releasing the accelerator, which is similar to the sense of deceleration when stepping on the brake. After a long time, the driver will tie the accelerator and the brake together. When there is an emergency, it is easy to step on the accelerator with one foot, so the smart electric car now.

However, a trained driver, or a driver who can have a deep understanding of the single pedal mode, should always put his feet on the brakes, keep calm, and step on the brakes in time when he needs to slow down quickly.

For this question, whether the single pedal should take the blame for this matter, I think that the single pedal does bring about an increase in the proportion of misoperation of the accelerator when braking, but most of the misoperation is instantaneous, and most drivers will react after the instantaneous mistake and correct it in time. The strange thing about this incident is that the whole process lasted for about a minute and the car advanced 2.6 kilometers. Will someone really step on the accelerator by mistake for so long?

Therefore, it comes to the third doubt, what is the probability of sudden acceleration of the car?

Doubt 3: Unexpected acceleration probability of automobile?

Unexpected acceleration of automobile is a very professional statement in the automobile industry and a famous failure mode in the field of functional safety.

Unexpected acceleration: that is, the acceleration of the car is against the driver’s will. The driver did not step on the accelerator but the car kept accelerating.

The sudden acceleration of automobiles is nothing new in the industry. As early as 2000-2010, Toyota’s "unable to stop" in the United States caused 89 deaths, which is the "brake door" incident of Toyota.

In order to investigate these unstoppable Toyota cars, NHTSA and NASA launched an investigation on Toyota cars, including looking at the source code of Toyota cars. During 2011-2013, embedded software experts Michael barr and Philip Koopman started with the software, and looked at nearly 300,000 lines of code of Toyota in 18 months, and found some bugs in the software, which would lead to "unexpected acceleration" of the car and lead to out-of-control of the car.

Therefore, Toyota’s brake door also led to the development of later automotive embedded software specifications, and also led to the development of automotive electronic and electrical functional safety, and functional safety is to prevent any behavior against the driver’s will, which will affect people’s life safety, especially the sudden acceleration with great harm.

Back to this incident, Tesla’s software architecture and functional safety design has always been a mystery in the industry. No one knows what his car software architecture is like, including what operating system to use and whether it is functionally safe.

Therefore, to answer this question: the sudden acceleration of cars has almost disappeared in the new era, but what Tesla is really like needs more data to explain.

Speaking of data, it is actually the EDR data in Tesla car, which can record the running information of the vehicle before and after the incident.

Doubt 4: Can EDR restore the truth?

The state has mandatory regulations for automobile data recording system. According to the national standard GB39732:

"Passenger cars should be equipped with an event data recording system (EDR) that meets the requirements of GB 39732; If equipped with a vehicle-mounted video driving recording system that meets the requirements of GB/T 38892, it shall be deemed as meeting the requirements. This standard will be implemented for newly produced vehicles from January 1, 2022.

EDR, also known as automobile event data recording system, is a mandatory requirement for new energy vehicles in China. This EDR system records some key information of vehicles, including throttle position, brake pedal position, vehicle speed, etc., and also specifies the recording format, recording frequency and reading mode of these data.

For example, the information about the accelerator pedal and brake position that everyone cares about is stipulated in the regulations:

Home of the car

It can be seen that the data of brake and accelerator pedal are specific position information (percentage), which can reflect the real position of accelerator and brake in general.

Home of the car

Moreover, the EDR system can also be stored when there is no power, and the data is stored in the protected area, which cannot be tampered with and should not be deleted. If the third party has the ability to read the EDR data, it can read the real data.

Home of the car

Home of the car

In general, EDR can record the true accelerator pedal value (that is, the percentage of the driver’s depression, whether it is 50% or 100%). But this is not the original value. The original value should be the electric signal of throttle and brake, that is, a voltage signal of 0-5V, which will be converted to get the percentage.

For example, the brake or throttle position will be sampled by sensors to measure their real position; The original value sampled by the sensor is an electrical signal in the range of 0-5V. If the original electrical signal is wrong at the beginning, all the data after that are wrong.

At the same time, the original electrical signal becomes the percentage position information of throttle and brake after a series of conversion, which is the information that we can read by EDR. It is impossible to know whether there will be any fault in this conversion process.

So, to answer question 4, can EDR tell the truth?

It can be done 99% of the time, but it does not rule out that the system is wrong at the beginning, so the recorded values are also wrong. It is of course possible to explain a wrong phenomenon with a wrong data, but obviously, this "explanation" has deviated from the truth.

Anyway, let the bullet fly for a while. (Text/car home industry commentator Zhang Gong)

Home of the car

Exposure to mineral water can cause cancer？ Worry too much

　　Beijing has started the high-temperature roasting mode, followed by a series of rumors about "heat" — — Sunscreen clothes are not sunscreen after washing, heat stroke is a large heatstroke, and drinking mineral water that has been exposed to the sun in the car will cause cancer, etc., which are concentrated in the latest scientific rumor list.

　　The monthly "scientific" gossip list is guided by Beijing Science and Technology Association, Beijing Municipal Committee Network Information Office, Capital Internet Association, and jointly released by Beijing Science and Technology Journalists Editors Association and Beijing regional website joint rumor platform.

　　Rumor has it that heatstroke is heatstroke

　　truth Some people think that heatstroke is heatstroke, not serious. In fact, it is not exactly the same as heatstroke, and it should not be taken lightly. Generally, the body temperature of heatstroke patients often exceeds 38℃, accompanied by facial flushing, profuse sweating, burning skin, nausea and vomiting, or cold limbs, pale face, decreased blood pressure, rapid pulse and other symptoms.

　　Heat stroke is the most serious emergency related to high temperature, that is, "severe heatstroke", which is a serious and fatal disease with skin burning, consciousness disorder (such as delirium, convulsion, coma) and multiple organ dysfunction. Once it happens, the death rate will be high.

　　Heat stroke does not happen suddenly. Before heatstroke develops into heat stroke, it will first experience "threatened heat stroke" and "mild heat stroke". To prevent heat stroke, we must first avoid heat stroke. Try to avoid staying in high temperature (high humidity) and unventilated environment, and avoid high temperature when traveling and do a good job of sun protection. In addition, some heatstroke prevention drugs can be prepared appropriately. When you have to do homework or activities outdoors, you should pay attention to your physical condition, drink plenty of water and rest in time. If you travel by car, don’t leave children and pets in the car. Pay attention to avoid dehydration and ensure adequate sleep.

　　Rumor has it that the sunscreen will be invalid once it is cleaned.

　　truth Is it true that sunscreen clothes can’t be washed with water? Excessive cleaning of sunscreen clothing will indeed lead to a decline in the anti-ultraviolet performance of clothing, but normal cleaning is no problem. Sunscreen clothing can enhance the anti-ultraviolet effect of clothes by adding ultraviolet absorbent and anti-ultraviolet agent to the cloth or adding sunscreen coating on the surface of the fabric, just like coating a lot of sunscreen on the surface of clothes.

　　Professional sun protection clothes usually indicate the sun protection index on the tag, which is the result of the standard inspection of national professional institutions. Only when UPF is greater than 40 and T (UVA) is less than 5%, can they be qualified as "anti-UV products" and can they be called "sun protection clothes".

　　Under normal circumstances, the sunscreen effect will not be significantly reduced when the cleaning times of sunscreen clothing are less than 30 times. After more than 30 times, it depends on the water resistance of anti-ultraviolet agents and the processing level of sunscreen clothing. There are two main processes for adding ultraviolet shielding agent to clothes: one is to add it to spinning raw materials, and the other is to soak or coat the fabric. Generally speaking, the ultraviolet shielding agent added during spinning can be better combined with raw materials, and the ultraviolet resistance is still considerable after repeated washing; However, the ultraviolet shielding agent attached to the fabric after weaving is easier to be peeled off when washing.

　　The service life of sun protection clothing is usually several months to one year, and the sun protection ingredients may be damaged to varying degrees, and the sun protection effect is definitely worse than when it was just bought. Replacing a new sunscreen suit every year can ensure a good sunscreen effect.

　　Gossip exposed mineral water can cause cancer.

　　truth Qualified mineral water bottles in the market are usually made of food-grade plastics, namely polyethylene terephthalate (PET). PET is not only acid-resistant, alkali-resistant and grease-resistant, but also can withstand the corrosion of most solvents. At the temperature below 120℃, PET is non-toxic and tasteless, and it is safe to pack drinks. However, at high temperature, it will slowly dissolve and release some organic solvents harmful to human health.

　　The temperature in the car, even in summer, is generally difficult to reach 120℃, so there is no scientific basis for the statement that "mineral water exposed in the car can cause cancer".

　　Gossip astronauts can’t be nearsighted

　　truth People have been circulating this statement — — Astronauts can’t be nearsighted, let alone wear glasses, because wearing glasses in space may bring accidental injuries. Indeed, the selection criteria for astronauts are indeed very high. However, at present, low myopia is also allowed to enter space.

　　In the ascending phase of the mission, there are complicated situations such as rocket vibration and overload. If astronauts wear frame glasses, it may lead to collision and other problems, so astronauts will not wear frame glasses (wearable contact lenses) at this stage. The environment of the space station is relatively stable, and you can wear frame glasses normally.

　　Over the years, aerospace engineering technology has made great progress, and the mission environment is no longer strict with astronauts’ physical fitness requirements; On the other hand, in the future, we need more front-line researchers to "go to heaven" for scientific research. Obviously, it is not appropriate to use myopia as a hard standard to select researchers, so low myopia is now allowed to enter space. It is worth mentioning that people with high myopia are still unable to travel in space. After all, people with high myopia may fall off their retinas when riding a roller coaster, and it is even more impossible to bear the huge acceleration when the rocket is launched.

　　Yang Liwei, deputy chief designer of China’s manned spaceflight project, once said that the selection criteria for astronauts are different with different tasks. "From the perspective of vision, high myopia is not good, and low myopia is ok. Several of our non-professional load expert astronauts wear glasses. "

　　Gossip moles should be removed or they will become cancerous.

　　truth Does the mole on our body really have a chance to develop into melanoma, a deadly malignant tumor, if it is not removed? In fact, nevus is a benign tumor of the skin. Most nevus are formed in response to sun exposure, and it is extremely unlikely that they will develop into melanoma.

　　It is also possible to remove these moles for aesthetic reasons, or to observe them regularly (monthly) for life, and pay attention to their color changes and texture changes (such as increased thickness). Some moles may develop into melanoma more easily and need to be paid attention to, including: congenital giant moles, dysplasia moles, multiple moles (more than 50), moles at the ends of limbs, moles or pigmentation in digestive tract and genitourinary tract, moles exposed to sunlight for a long time, etc. If the mole is suspected to be bad, it must be completely removed under the guidance of an experienced doctor and sent to biopsy for pathological diagnosis.

　　Myth "conjoined" cherries blame pesticides

　　truth In life, cherries we buy sometimes appear "twins" phenomenon, that is, there are two fruits on a fruit stalk. But this has nothing to do with medication. The incidence of abnormal fruit of cherries is closely related to the high temperature weather last year, not caused by pesticides.

　　From the botanical point of view, the abnormal fruit is caused by the appearance of multiple pistils during the flower bud differentiation of cherries. Studies have shown that if cherries encounter high temperature above 30℃ during flower bud differentiation (especially during sepals and petals differentiation), the incidence of deformed fruits will greatly increase in the second year without human intervention, and the proportion of conjoined double fruits will be higher with the increase of temperature. However, during this period (mid-July), the temperature in warm areas in China often exceeds 30℃, which easily leads to the formation of double pistils or even multiple pistils.

　　Gossip dry eye drops work

　　truth It is circulated on the Internet that "dry eye is ‘ Lack of water in eyes ’ As long as more drops of eye drops can be effectively relieved. This kind of practice is wrong, and it is likely to be counterproductive.

　　Dry eye, also known as dry eye, refers to a series of diseases caused by various factors, such as abnormal quality and quantity of tears or abnormal dynamics, which leads to the decline of tear film stability, accompanied by eye discomfort or ocular surface tissue lesions.

　　On the surface of our eyeball, there is a thin layer of liquid, that is, the "tear film". It consists of oil layer, tear layer and mucin layer. Although it is only a few microns thick, it is like the "lubricating oil" of eyes, which can keep the cornea and conjunctiva moist and improve the refractive performance of eyes.

　　When dry eye is not too serious, patients just need to take a rest and drop some artificial tears, and it seems that they can see things clearly again, so it is easy to take it lightly. In fact, dry eye is a manifestation of the disorder of tear film secretion, not just "water shortage". Although it sounds strange, a considerable number of patients are easy to stimulate the lacrimal gland and produce a lot of tears because the balance of the tear film is destroyed. However, the extra tears that flow out cannot effectively exist on the surface of the eye to moisten the cornea in the form of tear film.

　　External means can only help it gradually recover its physiological function, so we must pay attention to it at an early stage, get rid of bad habits in time, and don’t use eye drops indiscriminately to avoid getting worse. If there are symptoms of dry eyes, such as dry eyes, dry eyes and difficulty in opening eyes, please go to the ophthalmology department of a regular hospital immediately to determine the type of dry eyes and treat them symptomatically.

　　Rumor has it that the green peel is not ripe litchi.

　　truth This is a misunderstanding of fresh litchi. Litchi with green skin in the market is not picked before it is ripe. There are more than 300 kinds of lychees, many of which are not full of bright red. For example, the characteristic of "princess smile" is that the skin is green and red.

　　The characteristic of hanging green litchi is that the peel is red and purple, and there is a green line running straight through it, so it is named "hanging green". Good quality "Guanyin Green" litchi, even the peel is green when it is mature. It is best for consumers to determine whether the peel color is normal according to the variety of litchi. The fresh litchi peel is cracked, flat and regular, and feels tight and elastic; There are also some lychees with blue color, which may belong to insufficient light or undercooked, so it is best not to eat them.

　　Rumors are better absorbed by eating fruit before meals.

　　truth In fact, eating fruits before or after meals will not affect the digestion and absorption of both nutrients.

　　The main component of fruit is water, followed by a small amount of carbohydrates, protein, fat and a small amount of water-soluble vitamins and minerals. There is no direct correlation between the digestion and absorption of these nutrients and eating dinner. Therefore, you can choose the order of eating fruits according to your personal situation and habits. It should be noted that you should not be greedy or eat more than one kind of food in your diet, let alone overeat.

　　Text/reporter Li Jie

During the study, the meeting chaired by General Secretary of the Supreme Leader released a new signal of comprehensively deepening reform.

　　Xinhuanet reporter Wang Zihui

　　On April 21st, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the first meeting of the 20th Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform and delivered an important speech. The significance of this meeting is extraordinary. The press release is extremely informative, releasing many distinct new signals of comprehensively deepening reform. The original brand column "Workshop" of Xinhua News Agency’s "Learning in Progress" launched an article today to learn and understand with you.

　　On April 21st, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the first meeting of the 20th Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform and delivered an important speech. The significance of this meeting is extraordinary. The press release is extremely informative, releasing many distinct new signals of comprehensively deepening reform.

　　Emphasize the significance of special years and declare the firm will of reform and opening up without stopping.

　　The important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary emphasized the special significance of this year. This year is the first year to fully implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, and it is also the 45th anniversary of reform and opening up and the 10th anniversary of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee.

　　Special years always give people profound enlightenment. Over the past 45 years, our party has United and led the people to open roads on every mountain and bridge bridges when encountering water, breaking a new and good road and realizing a great leap from "catching up with the times" to "leading the times". In the past 10 years, the momentum of the tough battle for reform has been like a rainbow, Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system has become more mature and stereotyped, and the modernization level of the national governance system and governance capacity has been significantly improved.

　　From a new starting point to a new era, practice has fully proved that reform and opening up is the only way for the development and progress of contemporary China and the only way to realize the Chinese dream.

　　This year is the first year to fully implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, which coincides with an important year related to reform and opening up.

　　Not long before this meeting, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to Guangdong, known as the "vanguard, pioneer and experimental area" of reform and opening up, to conduct the first local inspection after the two sessions of the National People’s Congress this year, and declared the firm will of reform and opening up without stopping.

　　Clarify the "fundamental driving force" and "important grasping hand" and raise the understanding of comprehensively deepening reform to a new height.

　　At the meeting, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that to achieve the goals and tasks of the new era and new journey, we should take comprehensively deepening reform as the fundamental driving force for promoting Chinese-style modernization and as an important starting point for stabilizing the overall situation, coping with emergencies and opening up new opportunities.

　　The Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress proposed to promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in an all-round way with Chinese modernization. Since the 20th National Congress, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has expounded many important theoretical and practical issues of Chinese modernization on different occasions.

　　At the opening ceremony of the seminar on studying and implementing the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era and the Party’s Twentieth Spiritual Congress held at the beginning of this year, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that promoting Chinese modernization is a systematic project, which requires overall consideration, systematic planning and overall promotion, and correctly handles a series of major relationships such as top-level design and practical exploration, strategy and tactics, integrity and innovation, efficiency and fairness, vitality and order, self-reliance and self-improvement and opening up.

　　Dealing with this series of major relations will inevitably involve reform and innovation at the level of system, mechanism and system, and we must deepen the reform in an all-round way with greater efforts. At the same time, China’s development has entered a period in which strategic opportunities and risk challenges coexist, and uncertainties and unpredictable factors increase. Reform, development and stability are faced with many deep-seated contradictions that cannot be avoided and circumvented. It is an inevitable requirement to constantly break through the barriers of solidification of interests and get rid of the drawbacks of institutional mechanisms by comprehensively deepening reforms.

　　The "fundamental driving force" and "important grasping hand" put forward by General Secretary of the Supreme Leader have raised the understanding of comprehensively deepening reform to a new height.

　　Deliberating and passing three reform documents, and persistently holding the "bull nose" of reform.

　　Holding the "bull’s nose" of reform is an important method for the Supreme Leader General Secretary to comprehensively deepen reform. This meeting clearly embodies this point. The meeting deliberated and adopted three reform documents, namely, Opinions on Strengthening the Subject Position of Enterprise’s Scientific and Technological Innovation, Opinions on Strengthening and Improving the Management of State-owned Economy to Support Chinese Modernization, and Opinions on Promoting the Development and Growth of Private Economy.

　　Strengthening the dominant position of scientific and technological innovation in enterprises is a key measure to deepen the reform of scientific and technological system and promote the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance; In the new era and new journey, the state-owned economy shoulders the mission, task and functional orientation in serving to build a new development pattern, promoting high-quality development, promoting common prosperity and safeguarding national security; China’s private economy has become the main field of entrepreneurship and employment, an important subject of technological innovation and an important source of national tax revenue, which has played an important role in the development of China’s socialist market economy, the transformation of government functions, the transfer of rural surplus labor force and the development of international markets.

　　The first meeting of the 20th Central Committee for Deep Reform directly focused on major reforms related to the overall situation and key reforms involving major institutional innovations. The specific deployment of relevant reform measures at the meeting also clarified how to do it and how to grasp it.

　　These contents have released a strong signal: in the face of the complex situation and heavy tasks of comprehensively deepening reform, we should not only grasp important areas, important tasks and important pilots, but also grasp key subjects, key links and key nodes to focus on driving the overall situation.

　　Establish a regulation system to further optimize and comprehensively deepen the reform leadership mechanism.

　　In addition to three specific reform documents, the meeting also reviewed and adopted four documents on the work of the Central Committee for Deepening Reform, including the Working Rules of the Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform, the Working Rules of the Special Group of the Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform, the Working Rules of the Office of the Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform, and the Working Points of the Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform in 2023.

　　In the last round of party and state institutional reform, the central leading group for comprehensive deepening reform was changed into a committee, which is an important measure to improve the party’s leadership system and mechanism for major work. The first meeting of the 19th Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform proposed to improve the system and mechanism of scientific leadership and decision-making, effective management and implementation, strengthen strategic research, overall planning, comprehensive coordination and overall promotion, and strengthen guidance for local and departmental work.

　　From 2018 to 2022, the 19 th Central Committee for Deep Reform held 27 meetings, and various reforms were invincible, which is inseparable from the scientific and efficient reform leadership mechanism.

　　The 20th Central Committee for Deep Reform made its debut for the first time, focusing on a series of issues such as working rules, detailed rules and key points, which reflected that our party attached great importance to the leading mechanism of major work, and it was bound to further promote the effectiveness of various reforms, and the main direction, strategic focus and task measures for comprehensively deepening reforms in the coming period would be more clear.

　　Systematically summarize the reform methodology, and provide important follow-up for continuing to promote comprehensive and deepening reform.

　　This meeting comprehensively reviewed the historical process of comprehensively deepening the reform since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and emphasized that in the past 10 years in the new era, the reforms we promoted were all-directional, deep-seated and fundamental, and the achievements we made were historic, revolutionary and groundbreaking. Looking around the world, no country or political party can have such political boldness and historical responsibility, dare to make drastic, inward-looking and self-revolution, and no country or political party can promote such a large-scale, large-scale and large-scale reform in such a short time. This is the distinctive feature and obvious advantage of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system.

　　In the past, the meeting of the Central Committee for Deep Restructuring and Deep Reform repeatedly emphasized the scientific methods of reform, such as "top leaders" grasping reform and doing a good job of reform inspectors. On the basis of a comprehensive review of the reform process, this meeting put forward five "essentials", which are based on the summary of past reform practices and closely combined with the requirements of the new era, especially the need to strengthen reform investigation and research, attracting attention.

　　◆ We must uphold and strengthen the leadership of the Party, make the direction of quasi-reform clear, define the objectives and tasks, and do a good job in all work with scientific planning and innovative courage.

　　◆ We should do a good job in major reform tasks to overcome difficulties, make overall plans, grasp key points, focus on major issues in building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, plan and promote reforms, make good use of favorable conditions created by institutional reforms, and strive to break down some difficulties in all aspects of institutional mechanisms and adjust the deep-seated interest pattern.

　　◆ It is necessary to strengthen the investigation and study of reform, go to places and departments where contradictions are concentrated, go deep into the grassroots, enter the masses, observe the facts and dissect sparrows, not only study specific problems in depth, but also be good at synthesizing various situations, and use more brains and efforts in overall thinking and overall work.

　　◆ It is necessary to intensify the implementation of reforms, improve the implementation mechanism of reforms that are coordinated, integrated, accurate and efficient, make greater efforts to do a good job in reform supervision, and promote the effectiveness of reform measures.

　　◆ It is necessary to mobilize the enthusiasm of all aspects of reform, improve the incentive mechanism for reform and innovation, increase the exchange and promotion of typical reform experiences, strengthen the guidance of public opinion, and respond to the concerns of all parties in a timely manner.

　　The five "essentials" are a comprehensive and systematic reform methodology, which provides an important follow-up for continuing to promote comprehensive and deepening reform in the new journey.

Dietary Raiders of College Entrance Examination： ＂Keeping unchanged＂ is very important.

　　The annual college entrance examination kicked off today. Candidates struggled to answer questions in the examination room, and parents also secretly gathered strength in the kitchen, trying their best to make the "nutritional assistance" in logistics support to the extreme. However, Gu Zhongyi, director of the Beijing Dietitians Association, reminded everyone that the most important thing in the diet during the college entrance examination is to "keep it the same". We must ensure food safety and adequate sleep for candidates, and don’t let candidates eat supplements indiscriminately.

　　Total heat should not be too high.

　　Gu Zhongyi said that you should pay attention to the total amount of food every day, and the total calories should not be too high. Eating too much is not conducive to the efficiency of the brain. The diet structure is basically in accordance with the principle of conventional balanced diet, such as one catty of vegetables and half a catty of fruit every day, and green leafy vegetables can be appropriately increased. If the digestive function is poor and flatulence is easy, onions, broccoli and beans should be eaten carefully. Chickens, ducks, fish and lean meat can eat 150 to 250 grams a day. Eat one egg a day. Milk is about 300 ml. If you have lactose intolerance, it is best to control the amount within 200 ml at a time. You can also consider drinking yogurt.

　　Breakfast on the day of the exam, because you may be nervous after getting up in the morning, and time is limited, you can just eat something, but you’d better make sure you have staple food and protein food. Be careful not to drink too much water, and don’t eat too greasy and sugary food. Just simply eat at home, even if you eat less, the problem is not too big. You can eat a better lunch. Generally speaking, food safety is easy to guarantee, and you can eat eight points full. Dinner should be as light as possible, and a regular diet is enough. Nightingale can be prepared, but you must choose foods that are easy to digest and absorb. Generally speaking, staple foods are the mainstay, and hot noodle soup and sesame paste are also good.

　　In short, parents should refer to the examinee’s usual eating habits "keep unchanged" and make the food more delicious under the premise of ensuring nutrition. Don’t eat food that you haven’t eaten before, so as not to cause food allergies or gastrointestinal irritation.

　　Don’t eat supplements indiscriminately

　　Are there any supplements to eat during the exam? Gu Zhongyi said that many parents may want to give their children various supplements, but in fact, no matter sea cucumber, royal jelly, turtle’s bird’s nest, it is of little use. In addition, drinking coffee is generally not recommended unless there are corresponding habits, because caffeine may affect sleep.

　　In addition, candidates will also have some special demands, such as relieving visual fatigue. The most important thing is to blink more eyes and close your eyes to rest. At the same time, it is also important to ensure the amount of water. Usually, eat some blueberries, carrots, strawberries, broccoli and medlar. In addition, don’t think of any special way to "increase your memory".

　　If you feel anxious, in addition to slowly inhaling and exhaling to relax, you can also consider eating a banana, a piece of whole wheat bread, a kiwi fruit or several almonds, which may be helpful to relieve stress. (Text/Lynn Yang)

Comprehensive Analysis of Audiovisual Big Data Popular TV Series in China (June 6-June 12)

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　　From June 6 to June 12, according to the statistics of "China Audio-visual Big Data" (CVB), Perfect Village, the key drama of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, took over "Flowers and Leaves" and led the ratings; The popularity of the public security drama Burning and Trident has increased, attracting many viewers to watch it again. "Who says I can’t get married" ended smoothly, and the historical legendary drama "The Story of the Storm" took over; Urban drama "Happiness is within reach! "The heat is stable; Major revolutionary historical TV dramas such as Marshal Peng Dehuai have achieved good broadcast results; The reruns "District Squad" broadcast the finale, and the ratings were good.

　　Perfect Village took over Flowers and Leaves.

　　Audience leader

　　Perfect Village, the key drama of SARFT’s tackling poverty, was broadcast on CCTV-1 comprehensive channel "Flowers Are Flourishing", which tells the story of three young Communist party member’s poverty alleviation in the form of unit drama, explaining that communist party people always practice the mission of "people’s yearning for a better life is our goal". The drama attracted many viewers, and the average arrival rate (2.719%) and audience rating (1.630%) of each episode ranked first in this week’s TV series. At the same time, the drama set off a ratings boom in many places, ranking first in the ratings of 21 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, and the ratings share in 23 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities exceeded 5%.

　　Public Security Drama Burning and Trident

　　The popularity of viewing has risen, attracting many viewers to look back.

　　This week, the ratings of Burning and Trident are good, and the average comprehensive ratings of each episode have increased to varying degrees compared with last week, and they have gained a large number of viewers. Among them, "Burning" looks back at the user scale and ranks first in this week’s prime-time TV series; The number of users of Trident ranked third in this week’s prime-time TV series.

　　"Who says I can’t get married" ended smoothly.

　　The historical legendary drama "The Story of the Storm on the Frontier"

　　This week, "Who says I can’t get married" aired the finale on CCTV-8 TV channel. The average arrival rate of each episode of the whole drama is 1.397%, and the audience rating is 0.684%, all of which are in the top 5 of the single channel ratings of prime-time TV dramas in the same period.

　　The Story of the Storm on the Frontier tells the legendary story of Zhangjiakou merchants on Zhangku Avenue of the "Northern Silk Road" from the late Qing Dynasty to the early Republic of China, which allows the audience to appreciate the rich historical and cultural resources and profound cultural heritage of Zhangjiakou City. During the opening week of the drama, the audience rating was excellent, with an average arrival rate of 1.455% and an audience rating of 0.684% for each episode, all of which were in the top three of the single channel ratings of prime-time TV dramas.

　　Urban drama "Happiness is within reach! 》

　　Heat stability

　　This week, the drama was broadcast on Hunan Satellite TV. The average arrival rate of each episode was 0.967% and the loyalty was 62.369%, all of which were in the top five of the single channel ratings of prime-time TV dramas. At the same time, the repertoire attracted many viewers to follow the drama by watching it back, and the scale of watching users ranked second in this week’s prime-time TV series.

　　Major revolutionary historical TV series

　　Get good broadcast effect.

　　This week, "Marshal Peng Dehuai" was broadcast on CCTV-4 Chinese International Channel during the non-prime time. The average ratings of each episode of the two plays both broke 1, and the arrival rate was above 1.3%, which took the top 2 of the single channel ratings of non-prime-time TV dramas; The repertoire is highly sticky, and the average loyalty of each episode is above 70%, ranking among the top 5 in non-prime time TV dramas.

　　Before these two dramas, Mao Zedong, Nie Rongzhen and Marshal Liu Bocheng were also popular, reflecting the audience’s love for major revolutionary historical dramas.

　　The reruns "District Squad" broadcast the finale.

　　Good viewing performance

　　By telling the story of the anti-Japanese war of grass-roots armed forces, District Squad painted a historical picture of the national anti-Japanese war in the central Hebei plain, and carried forward the spirit of patriotism and revolutionary heroism. The play premiered on CCTV-8 TV channel in 2018, which gained a good audience reputation; It was replayed on Guangxi Satellite TV this year, and it was once again recognized by the audience. The ratings ranked high in prime-time TV dramas.

　　The relatively high popularity of "District Squad" has driven the audience to pay attention to the docking drama "Women are not strong and God forbid". 57.674% of the viewers of the first episode of "Women are not strong, God forbid" inherited from "District Squad".

　　—END—

　　Selected articles

　　Enlarging measures of radio and television programs to help farmers see practical results

　　Have you seen the "red zone" on the front line of anti-epidemic? The special program "Human World" is a hit.

　　Broadcasting and TV "group" live broadcast with goods, exploring new development paths

　　Zhang Huali: Open up a new model of helping agriculture and create a new sample of "precision poverty alleviation"

　　Here we are, click "Watching" before you go ~ ~ ~

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